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BTC price breakout by end of August? 5 things to know in Bitcoin this week

Bitcoin stays frustratingly quiet after the weekly close, but BTC price forecasts are giving ever-shorter breakout deadlines.

Bitcoin (BTC) is painting a classic August picture as it starts the new week — volatility is nowhere to be seen.

In a continuation of some of the quietest BTC price action ever seen, the largest cryptocurrency remains locked in a narrow trading range below $30,000.

Whether it be long or short timeframes, Bitcoin is giving market observers cause for increasing frustration. Despite a tug-of-war between bulls and bears on exchanges, neither party seems able to set a new BTC price trend in motion.

Will the status quo remain this week?

With few macroeconomic triggers in store, catalysts for change will need to come from elsewhere. Whales are accumulating, data suggests, fueling an argument that Bitcoin is preparing its next major breakout phase in classic style.

A similar conclusion comes from some of the narrowest volatility recorded for Bitcoin courtesy of the Bollinger Bands metric, with current conditions rivalling September 2016 and January 2023.

By definition, it may simply be a matter of time before history repeats itself.

Bitcoin copycat move begins new rangebound week

The weekly close saw a modicum of volatility return to Bitcoin spot price performance, but just like last week, this was short lived.

Following the new weekly candle open, BTC/USD dipped to test $29,000 before returning to its previous position — one that still holds at the time of writing, data from Cointelegraph Markets Pro and TradingView shows.

BTC/USD 1-hour chart. Source: TradingView

Michaël van de Poppe, founder and CEO of trading firm Eight, noted the similarities while repeating his view that $29,700 is the level for bulls to reclaim.

Over the weekend, Van de Poppe described the lack of volatility overall as “extremely astonishing.”

“The classic dump on Sunday evening took place on Bitcoin,” he told X subscribers alongside a chart showing relevant areas of interest.

“Holding onto support, all good. Continue the range. Party starts above $29,700.”
BTC/USD annotated chart. Source: Michaël van de Poppe/X

Popular trader Daan Crypto Trades held a similar opinion on short-term movements, noting that even weekend conditions were trending toward unusually calm extremes.

“Dancing around the CME Close price as expected. It's been a long time since we've seen anything different,” he summarized.

“Volatility this time around was extremely low. Even for a weekend.”
BTC/USD annotated chart. Source: Daan Crypto Trades/X

An accompanying chart put the CME Bitcoin futures closing price for the week prior at $29,465 as the focal point for the start of the week.

Weekly close clinches key BTC pric level

The weekly close itself nonetheless did manage to offer a glimmer of hope for those analyzing longer-term trends.

Bitcoin, by a hair, managed to close the weekly candle above $29,250 — a key level highlighted in recent weeks by popular trader and analyst, Rekt Capital.

In an X post just before the event, Rekt Capital referenced previous BTC price behavior after a close at $29,250 or higher.

“BTC upside wicked into the ~$30200 region, much like last week and in April 2023,” he noted.

“But if $BTC is able to Weekly Close above ~$29250, then that upside wick won't be as bearish.”
BTC/USD annotated chart. Source: Rekt Capital/X

Providing a potential headwind was relative strength index (RSI) data, which on 1-week timeframes continued to print a bearish divergence with price.

“Weekly Bearish Divergence for BTC will continue to remain intact unless the RSI is able to break its downtrend (green),” Rekt Capital commented about the phenomenon.

BTC/USD annotated chart with RSI. Source: Rekt Capital/X

Historical data gives little clue as to how BTC/USD might behave before the monthly close.

As Cointelegraph reported, August is a mixed bag when it comes to BTC price performance, and so far, Bitcoin has barely moved compared to the end of July.

Data from monitoring resource Coinglass shows that current gains of 0.6% mark Bitcoin’s quietest August month on record.

BTC/USD monthly returns chart (screenshot). Source: CoinGlass

Low volatility spurs BTC price breakout predictions

It is hard to avoid the topic of volatility — or lack of it — when analyzing the current state of Bitcoin.

Despite heavy press coverage, even outside the crypto realm, the near total absence of snap price moves has been the defining characteristic of BTC price action for much of Q2.

The latest data lays bare just how static the landscape has become — and what should come afterward.

The Bitcoin Historical Volatility Index (BVOL) currently measures 9.57 on weekly timeframes, rapidly retracing to all-time lows from the start of this year.

What happened when Bitcoin broke out from a downtrend in January is no secret, with its Q1 upside totalling 70%.

Bitcoin Historical Volatility Index (BVOL) 1-week chart. Source: TradingView

“The volatility on Bitcoin is getting lower and lower,” Van de Poppe thus stated.

“A matter of 1-2 weeks before we'll be having a big move on the markets.”

Similar findings come from the Bollinger bands volatility indicator, now also repeating behavior from the start of 2023.

Bollinger bands narrowing preclude a price breakout, and while unknown whether this would be up or down, the extent of price compression has market participants preparing for dramatic change.

“The spread between the Upper and Lower Bollinger Bands for Bitcoin is just 2.9% and is as tight as it has ever been,” Checkmate, lead on-chain analyst at Glassnode, wrote in part of an X post on Aug. 14.

Checkmate revealed that Bitcoin had printed tighter Bollinger bands just twice in its history — in September 2016 and January 2023.

“Wild stuff,” he concluded.

Bitcoin Bollinger Bands Range annotated chart. Source: Checkmate/X

Whale "reaccumulation" narrative strengthens

Previously, Cointelegraph reported on interesting shifts among Bitcoin whales underneath stale BTC price action.

This is continuing, analysis shows, and what looks like accumulation is becoming an ever-larger talking point for those seeking signs of the bull market returning.

“In the past two weeks, about 10 Bitcoin whales, each holding at least 1,000 $BTC (worth a minimum of $29.4 million), have joined the network!” popular trader Ali noted at the weekend.

Glassnode data puts the total number of addresses with a balance of at least 1,000 BTC at 2,015 as of Aug. 13 — up from 2,005 on Aug. 1.

Bitcoin Number of Addresses with Balance over 1,000 BTC chart. Source: Glassnode

Maartunn, a contributor to on-chain analytics platform CryptoQuant, flagged the emergence of new whales on major exchange Bitfinex as proof that “something is brewing under the surface.”

“Strong start off the cycle bottom, now in re-accumulation mode,” on-chain and cycle analyst Root continued, pointing to realized price figures.

Bitcoin’s realized price refers to the aggregate price at which the BTC supply last moved.

Bitcoin realized price chart. Source: Root/X

Fed FOMC minutes lead cool macro week

Crypto markets are in for a relatively quiet macroeconomic data period, in line with the summer lull.

Related: Bitcoin’s sideways price action leads traders to focus on SHIB, UNI, MKR and XDC

This week, while “big” for U.S. consumer data, has Federal Reserve minutes as its main highlight.

Those minutes will show the attitudes of Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) members toward interest rate policy as they were when rates were hiked last month.

Risk asset traders continue to look toward the September FOMC meeting for a potential rate hike pause — something which should benefit crypto as well.

According to CME Group’s FedWatch Tool, the odds of that happening stand at almost 90%, with the meeting still over a month away.

Fed target rate probabilities chart. Source: CME Group

Any knee-jerk BTC price reaction to this week’s data printouts, meanwhile, arguably looks unlikely — last week’s more significant releases failed to move markets.

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This article does not contain investment advice or recommendations. Every investment and trading move involves risk, and readers should conduct their own research when making a decision.

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Was Sam Bankman-Fried behind a scam project?

This week’s episode of The Market Report explores allegations that SBF was behind the recent BALD token rug pull and dissects why Bitcoin is falling below $29,000.

In the latest episode of “The Market Report,” analyst and writer Marcel Pechman discusses the BALD token rug pull and the allegations pointing toward FTX founder Sam “SBF’ Bankman-Fried as the culprit. The token launched on Coinbase’s Base network, which is currently under development, and witnessed incredible gains between July 30 and 31.

Pechman notes that it is impossible to know how much fake volume and how many trades involving the same entity or small groups were used to prop up BALD’s price on decentralized exchanges (DEXs). Further evidence for this hypothesis is the 85% price plunge shortly after BALD’s developer removed the liquidity deposited in DEX pools.

According to internet sleuths, the evidence pointing to SBF being the mastermind of the rug pull includes funding from wallets associated with FTX and Alameda Research, the fact that BALD’s developer was one of the first voters on proposals for decentralized finance project SushiSwap, language used in tweets, and DYDX farming activity.

While Pechman believes SBF certainly has the technical knowledge to issue tokens and offering liquidity pools on DEXs, there is no way to know what sort of devices and internet access he currently has while under house arrest.

Now, on to the show’s next topic: Pechman explores why the U.S. Dollar Index’s recent gains from a one-year low could be the leading cause for Bitcoin’s (BTC) drop below $29,000. For Pechman, this illustrates investors’ confidence in a soft landing by the United States Federal Reserve, meaning the recession will be mild.

Want to know if Pechman thinks the U.S. government will be able to roll over and issue new debt in the second half of 2023 and what the consequences will be for Bitcoin’s price? Get answers to those answers on the latest episode of The Market Report, which runs exclusively on the new Cointelegraph Markets & Research YouTube channel.

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Bitcoin whale exchange inflow share hits 1-year high — over 40%

Bitcoin whales account for the most exchange inflows volumewise since June 2022 as short-term holders become increasingly active.

Bitcoin (BTC) whale buying and selling in 2023 is mostly from speculative investors, new data reveals.

In the latest edition of its weekly newsletter, “The Week On-Chain,” analytics firm Glassnode shows that contrary to popular belief, opportunistic entities are the most active whales.

The birth of the Bitcoin “short-term holder” whale

Since BTC price action returned to $30,000, a shift has taken place among Bitcoin traders.

As Glassnode shows, so-called short-term holders (STHs) — investors holding coins for a maximum of 155 days — have become significantly more common.

As it turns out, the largest-volume investor cohort, the whales, is also composed of large numbers of STHs.

“Short-Term Holder Dominance across Exchange Inflows has exploded to 82%, which is now drastically above the long-term range over the last five years (typically 55% to 65%),” Glassnode states.

“From this, we can establish a case that much of the recent trading activity is driven by Whales active within the 2023 market (and thus classified as STHs).”
Bitcoin short-term holders dominance of exchange inflows (screenshot). Source: Glassnode

Interest in trading short-timeframe moves on BTC/USD was already evident before May. Since the FTX meltdown in late 2022, speculators have been increasingly eager to tap volatility both up and down.

The results have been mixed: Realized profits and losses have routinely spiked in line with volatile price moves.

“If we look at the degree of Profit/Loss realized by Short-Term Holder volume flowing into exchanges, it becomes evident that these newer investors are trading local market conditions,” Glassnode continues.

“Each rally and correction since the FTX fallout has seen a 10k+ BTC uptick in STH profit or loss, respectively.”
Bitcoin short-term holder profit-loss to exchanges (screenshot). Source: Glassnode

Whales show “elevated inflow bias” to exchanges

Closer to the present, whales have ramped up exchange activity, at one point in July accounting for 41% of total inflows.

Bitcoin whale-to-exchanges inflows (screenshot). Source: Glassnode

Related: Biggest mining difficulty drop of 2023? 5 things to know in Bitcoin this week

“Analysis of the Whale Netflow to Exchanges can be used as a proxy for their influence on the supply and demand balance,” The Week On-Chain comments on the topic.

“Whale-to-exchange netflows have tended to oscillate between ±5k BTC/day over the last five years. However, throughout June and July this year, whale inflows have sustained an elevated inflow bias of between 4.0k to 6.5k BTC/day.”
Bitcoin whales and exchanges net flow volumes (screenshot). Source: Glassnode

As Cointelegraph reported, whales are not the only forces at work when it comes to BTC sales.

Mining pool Poolin hit the headlines with its transactions destined for Binance, while miners potentially hedging profits also contributed to sell-side activity.

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This article does not contain investment advice or recommendations. Every investment and trading move involves risk, and readers should conduct their own research when making a decision.

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Enterprise blockchain: ‘Ethereum for Business’ explains key use cases

Paul Brody’s “Ethereum for Business” gives a basic overview of enterprise Ethereum, while providing real-world use cases of how EY clients leverage the technology.

The cryptocurrency market has encountered its share of ups and downs over the past year, but blockchain technology continues to see impressive growth as businesses seek digital transformation. 

Recent findings from the market research platform, MarketsandMarkets, estimated the global blockchain market size to be $7.4 billion in 2022. While notable, the report indicates that the blockchain sector is expected to generate $94 billion in revenue by the end of 2027. If these findings are accurate, this will result in a compound annual growth rate of 66% from 2022 to 2027.

Breaking down ‘Ethereum for Business’

Specifically speaking, many enterprises today are using the Ethereum blockchain to improve outdated business processes. Paul Brody, global blockchain leader for Ernst & Young (EY), told Cointelegraph that he believes the Ethereum network will drive the most growth for the enterprise blockchain market going forward.

To bring this to light, Brody recently published Ethereum for Business. According to Brody, this book intends to help non-technical, C-level executives and company leaders understand how and why Ethereum applies to specific use cases.

Book cover. Source: University of Arkansas Press

To ease readers into the subject matter, Brody begins part one of the book by explaining how Ethereum works using relatable language. “There are three foundational concepts that are useful to understand — the distributed ledger, the programmable ledger, and consensus algorithm,” he writes. Brody then explains that every “financial system has a ledger,” but notes that the difference between centralized, traditional systems and Ethereum is that “Ethereum’s ledger is public and distributed to all participants.”

The first chapter also explains the terminology associated with blockchain networks. Brody writes that “batches of transactions are known as ‘blocks.’” He ends the chapter by mentioning that the Ethereum network is often attractive to business users because it offers the “convenience of an integrated digital business” without a centralized market operator.

Before going in-depth on specific use cases, Brody spends the next few chapters of the book detailing terminology like wallets, tokens and smart contracts. For instance, in chapter four, he writes:

“In Ethereum, both the money and the stuff can be represented as tokens, while the terms of the exchange between two parties can be captured in a smart contract.”

Brody adds that everything of value is stored in a wallet when using the Ethereum blockchain: “Wallets are just a name for a digital account where you can store your keys and the access rights to contacts and assets you control through those keys.”

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Chapter five focuses on oracles; as Brody mentions, “enterprise transactions will require extensive use of oracles” since external data sources will be essential for completing smart contracts for business purposes.

The information presented at the beginning of Brody’s book is extremely useful for readers that may be new to the blockchain sector. The following chapters focus on concepts like privacy, which is a crucial consideration for enterprises leveraging blockchain. 

In chapter six, Brody writes, “Though enterprises require privacy, blockchains do not, by default, offer privacy.” Given this, Brody focuses this section on privacy applications that can be applied to support enterprise transactions. Although Brody mentions at the beginning of the book that the read is not meant to promote EY’s blockchain work, he does detail how Nightfall and Starlight — two privacy mechanisms created by EY — are used by businesses to ensure private blockchain transactions.

Real-world enterprise Ethereum use cases

Part two of Brody’s book focuses on use cases and case studies. This section is probably the most interesting because it explains why the technology could be helpful for business processes.

Tokenization is heavily discussed in section two, with Brody writing that it is “the single most important thing enterprises can do in the blockchain space.” He adds that tokenization is often the first decision that firms using blockchain make since this can be used to digitize assets that can be easily tracked and managed.

Although Brody explains the difference between ERC-20 and ERC-721 tokens, he emphasizes that the ERC-1155 standard is gaining traction among enterprises due to its blend of fungible and nonfungible properties. Brody shares that an EY client in the pharmaceutical industry is currently using ERC-1155 tokens to track serialized medicine packages. “Using the 1155 standard, this firm can mint large volumes of tokens and transfer them in big batches to distributors and others,” he writes.

Brody continues sharing real-world examples of how EY clients apply the Ethereum blockchain. For instance, he explains how Italian beer producer Peroni uses blockchain for traceability, allowing consumers to scan a QR code to understand how the beer was produced.

“Those looking at a beer non-fungible token (NFT) from Peroni on the Polygon PoS chain (an Ethereum side chain), will be able to see Peroni’s final batch token as well as input tokens from the malt house and farms,” writes Brody.

In addition to these use cases, Brody details how blockchain helps with supply chain management, contract management, carbon emission tracking, payments and more. He emphasizes in this section that “Blockchains will do for business ecosystems what ERP [enterprise resource planning] did inside the single enterprise.”

‘Ethereum for Business’ is educational, but blockchain is broad

While Ethereum for Business provides an in-depth and clear view of enterprise Ethereum, readers should remember that the blockchain ecosystem is broad. There are a number of different blockchain networks that businesses can use aside from Ethereum.

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Yet it’s notable that Brody’s new book gives an in-depth overview of the Ethereum ecosystem, breaking down key concepts while providing real-world use cases. This is extremely important, as education around blockchain technology is still needed to drive mainstream adoption.

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Can XRP price hit $1? Watch these levels next

XRP price almost doubled after Ripple's legal win against the U.S. SEC. But can its rally continue after nearly reaching $1?

The price of XRP (XRP) has skyrocketed in the aftermath of a federal court ruling saying that its sales on crypto exchanges complied with U.S. securities laws.

On July 14, XRP price retreated by about 10% to $0.76, but compared to its lowest price the previous day, it was still up around 65%.

Related: Why is XRP price up today?

At its highest in the last 24 hours, the XRP/USD pairreached $0.93, its best level since December 2021, just shy of hitting the $1 mark.

XRP/USD daily price chart. Source: TradingView

A whale-backed XRP rally

Certain indicators show that XRP's ongoing price pump may not be just a short-term reaction to the positive news for Ripple.

For instance, the duration of XRP's massive pump coincides with its trading volumes reaching a 10-month high. Meanwhile, the number of XRP whale transactions — or wallets holding more than $100,000 — climbed to their best level in 2023, suggesting that the richest investors back the XRP rally.

"If key whale and shark addresses are increasing their supply going into this pump, then it is a get foreshadowing signal that the pump may just be getting started, and it's a sign of good things to come," noted Brian Q, analyst at data analytics platform Santiment.

Whale transaction count (>$100K). Source: Santiment

Furthermore, the XRP price gains come in line with a rise in the supply held by entities with a 100,000-10 million token balance.

XRP supply held by whales. Source: Santiment

In other words, whales have not sold the rally but actually accumulated XRP, suggesting most want to position themselves for further gains.

XRP to $1 and beyond?

From a technical standpoint, XRP can test the key $1 level in the coming days, but its potential to continue its rally beyond looks weak for the time being.

Notably, the pullback on July 14 occurred near a resistance confluence comprising of a multi-year horizontal trendline (purple) and a giant descending trendline ceiling (black).

In addition, XRP's weekly relative strength index (RSI) has turned overbought, raising its correction prospects.

XRP/USD daily price chart. Source: TradingView

Should a pullback occur, XRP price risks dropping toward its multi-year ascending trendline support near $0.45 by September, down around 55% from the current price level.

Related: Ripple CTO warns against XRP scams amid SEC-induced hype

Other price targets include the token's 50-week exponential moving average (50-week EMA; the red wave) near $0.48 and 200-week EMA (the blue wave) near $0.50.

On the other hand, an overbought RSI could also result in the XRP price consolidating sideways inside the $0.75-1 range.

XRP/USD weekly price chart. Source: TradingView

If XRP price decisively breaks above $1, then its next price target by September will likely be near $1.35, a resistance level from the August-December 2021 session.

Collect this article as an NFT to preserve this moment in history and show your support for independent journalism in the crypto space.

This article does not contain investment advice or recommendations. Every investment and trading move involves risk, and readers should conduct their own research when making a decision.

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Bitcoin options strategy: How to trade July’s Q2 earnings

Professional traders can hedge their Bitcoin bets using the iron condor options strategy as Q2 earnings' season comes into play.

The stock market can offer valuable insights into possible Bitcoin (BTC) price movements as a big potential trigger is expected this month.

Q2 earnings' numbers due this month

Notably, Q2 earnings' numbers are expected from some of the largest companies in the world in July, including:

  • UnitedHealth, Citigroup and JPMorgan on July 14;
  • Bank of America and Morgan Stanley on July 18;
  • Tesla, Google, Apple, Meta, Microsoft and Amazon before July 27.

The S&P 500 companies account for an aggregate $36.5 trillion in market capitalization, so it makes sense to expect a positive impact on Bitcoin’s price if the earnings season sustains modest growth.

In other words, investors’ appetite for risk-on assets will increase if the odds of an imminent recession are reduced.

Leverage to be avoided given the level of uncertainty

Traders who have been calling for a global economic slowdown will have a chance to profit if those companies fail to deliver earnings growth, further adding uncertainty to the economies. Governments rely heavily on taxes, both from companies and from consumers, so a weak earnings season represents a serious threat.

Related: How to financially prepare for a recession

Investors are concerned that companies profitability could decline due to the unprecedented tightening of monetary policy by the U.S. Federal Reserve and macroeconomic concerns. Businesses are being forced to reduce hiring and use cost-cutting strategies due to persistent inflation.

Still, the U.S. economy has displayed resilience, as evident by the latest 0.3% retail sales growth month-over-month in May, while economists had been expecting a decline. The retail results demonstrated that decreasing oil prices may be allowing consumers to spend more money on other goods.

Such a scenario explains why professional traders have been using the bullish "iron condor" strategy to maximize gains with limited risk if Bitcoin trades above $31,550 in July.

Using Bitcoin options for a bullish but hedged strategy

Buying Bitcoin futures pays off during bull markets, but the issue lies in dealing with liquidations when BTC’s price goes down. This is why professional traders use options strategies to maximize their gains and limit their losses.

Related: Crypto derivatives 101: A beginner’s guide on crypto futures, crypto options and perpetual contracts

The skewed iron condor strategy can yield profits above $31,550 by the end of July while limiting losses if the expiry price is below $31,000.

It is worth noting that Bitcoin traded at $30,520 when the pricing for this model took place.

Bitcoin options iron condor strategy returns. Source: Deribit Position Builder

The call option gives its holder the right to acquire an asset at a fixed price in the future. For this privilege, the buyer pays an upfront fee known as a premium.

Meanwhile, the put option allows its holder to sell an asset at a fixed price in the future, which is a downside protection strategy. On the other hand, selling a put offers exposure to the upside in prices.

The iron condor consists of selling the call and put options at the same expiry price and date. The above example has been set using the July 28 contracts, but it can be adapted for other timeframes.

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Modest 3% Bitcoin price gain needed for profits

As depicted above, the target profit range is $31,550 (3% above the current price) to $38,000 (24.5% above the current price).

To initiate the trade, the investor needs to short (sell) 1.5 contracts of the $33,000 call option and three contracts of the $33,000 put option. Then, they must repeat the procedure for the $36,000 options, using the same expiry month.

Buying 4.8 contracts of the $31,000 put option to protect from an eventual downside is also required. Lastly, one needs to purchase 3.7 contracts of the $38,000 call option to limit losses above the level.

This strategy’s net profits peak at 0.206 BTC ($6,290 at current prices) between $33,000 and $36,000, but they remain above 0.087 BTC ($2,655 at current prices) if Bitcoin trades in the $32,150 and $37,150 range.

The investment required to open this skewed iron condor strategy is the maximum loss (0.087 BTC, or $2,655) which will occur if Bitcoin trades below $31,000 on July 28.

The benefit of this trade is that a wide target area is covered while providing a potential 238% return versus the potential loss. In essence, it provides a leverage opportunity without the liquidation risks typical of futures contracts.

This article does not contain investment advice or recommendations. Every investment and trading move involves risk, and readers should conduct their own research when making a decision.

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Universities use blockchain-based storage to protect and democratize data

Decentralized solutions can make academic research more secure and more accessible.

Academic institutions house some of the world’s most important data generated from years of research. Yet centralized data storage models are becoming a concern for many universities looking to keep critical information safe and accessible. 

Danny O’Brien, a senior fellow at the Filecoin Foundation and Filecoin Foundation for the Decentralized Web (FFDW) — an independent organization that facilitates governance of the Filecoin network and funds development projects — told Cointelegraph that data stored by academic institutions is at risk of vanishing due to centralized storage models. To put this in perspective, a recent Filecoin Foundation survey found that 71% of Americans have lost information and records due to challenges like deleted hyperlinks or locked online accounts.

Decentralized storage helps secure and distribute data

To combat this, O’Brien explained that a handful of educational institutions have begun using decentralized data storage models to preserve data sets. “A growing number of higher education institutions, including the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Harvard University, the University of California, Berkeley, Stanford University, the University of South Carolina, and others, are all using Filecoin to store, preserve and archive their most important data on the blockchain,” he said.

For example, O’Brien pointed out that MIT is currently working on a three-year project with the FFDW to explore how decentralized technology can support its Open Learning programs. MIT’s Open Learning programs include “OpenCourseWare,” which is designed to provide free online materials from over 2,500 MIT courses. This will allow anyone worldwide to access MIT courses on the internet.

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O’Brien explained that through the support of the FFDW, MIT’s Open Learning programs will use decentralized storage to house cataloging, while preserving its OpenCourseWare materials. He added that MIT would soon host public seminars about the challenges and opportunities of the decentralized web. “Education’s ongoing embrace of decentralized Web3 data storage offers, via cryptographic proof, a guarantee that data remains available and unchanged over time, preserving their critical data for as long as they want,” he said.

The University of Utah also uses decentralized storage to protect and democratize access to large data sets. Valerio Pascucci, professor of computer science at the university, told Cointelegraph that the institution’s Center for Extreme Data Management Analysis and Visualization recently adopted a solution from Seal Storage — a decentralized cloud storage platform powered by Filecoin — to complement its current centralized infrastructure.

Pascucci explained that the model provided by Seal Storage allows the National Science Data Fabric (NSDF) — a pilot program working with institutions to democratize data — to further its goal of creating new mechanisms for easy access to scientific information.

“Traditionally, Minority Serving Institutions (MSIs), small colleges and other disadvantaged organizations cannot be part of scientific investigation endeavors because they cannot access the data necessary to do the work,” he mentioned. The NSDF’s use of decentralized storage will change that.

According to Pascucci, the NSDF-Seal Storage partnership has already demonstrated the possibility of distributing massive data collections to different communities without needing to deploy special servers or other complex processing capabilities that may be impractical for many institutions.

“For example, NASA stores on its largest supercomputer, ‘Pleiades,’ an open climate data set that is over 3 petabytes in size. Yet anyone who wants to use the data would need to have a special account on Pleiades and require the training needed to process the data,” he explained, “NSDF has adopted an ‘OpenVisus’ approach that has reorganized NASA’s data so that its distribution through decentralized storage allows for interactive processing and exploration virtually without any local resources.”

Pascucci added that this might be the first time a data set of this size has been made available for interactive exploration directly from the cloud. Moreover, he believes that the decentralized approach has enhanced security.

Decentralized storage is beneficial, but challenges remain

Although several universities have begun leveraging decentralized storage models, challenges that may hamper adoption remain.

For example, Pascucci pointed out that to distribute NASA’s open climate data set, NSDF’s OpenVisus data format had to be extended from traditional file systems to meet the storage model provided by Seal Storage. Jacques Swanepoel, chief technology officer at Seal Storage, told Cointelegraph that mapping and tagging data on the blockchain is a very complicated undertaking.

“Identifying which block on the blockchain contains specific information is key to fully utilizing the benefits of decentralized storage technology. In order to overcome these challenges, providers need to properly track where customer data is on the blockchain with creative software strategies.” 

Yet it remains notable that academic institutions are using decentralized storage models. “Often considered slow-moving, academia has proven to be an early adopter of blockchain-based technologies, including decentralized storage, and continues to be a leader in adopting and deploying these tools,” O’Brien said. 

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This may very well be the case, as Pascucci shared that The University of Utah and NSDF are working on implementing additional use cases with different universities.

“While the NASA use case is very high profile both for size and application to the important field of global climate change, we are already working on other use cases, including the experimental facility of the Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source. This is where thousands of scientists go every year to collect data and share it with collaborators across the nation,” he said.

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Bitcoin options: How will tomorrow’s $4.7B expiry impact BTC price?

Bitcoin ETF requests, miners' sell pressure, and regulatory hurdles create uncertainty for the $31,000 BTC price resistance.

The $4.7 billion Bitcoin (BTC) monthly options expiry on June 30 might play a decisive role in determining whether the $30,000 price will consolidate as long-term support and open room for further bullish momentum.

Why is Bitcoin breaking yearly highs?

Many analysts consider Bitcoin's recent breakout above $27,000 a bet on the multiple spot Bitcoin exchange-traded fund (ETF) request applications, including those of BlackRock and ARK Invest.

The news also fueled expectations for Grayscale to be able to convert its Grayscale Bitcoin Trust (GBTC) to a Bitcoin ETF.

 $31,000 caps Bitcoin price gains for now

On the other hand, Bitcoin bears will try to take advantage of macroeconomic and regulatory headwinds, including exchanges implementing mandatory Know Your Customer (KYC) procedures.

On June 28, KuCoin announced the upcoming KYC system upgrade in a move to increase compliance with global Anti-Money Laundering regulations.

Moreover, there’s increasing concern over the impact of miners' sell pressure as the network hashrate reached 400 exahashes per second. The Glassnode analytics firm noted that miners sent an all-time high in BTC revenue percentage to exchanges over the past week, totaling $128 million. Curiously, the movement mimics spikes seen during the 2021 bull run as miners took profits.

Additionally, during the European Central Bank forum in Portugal, Federal Reserve (Fed) Chair Jerome Powell warned that most policymakers expect two more rate hikes this year. According to the CME FedWatch Tool, investors are pricing in 82% odds of a 25 basis point interest rate increase on July 26.

Bitcoin four-hour price movements during option expiries. Source: TradingView

Bitcoin price last flirted with the $31,000 level on June 27, but the resistance proved stronger than anticipated. The subsequent correction to $30,000 supports the thesis of sideways trading in the short term as investors evaluate the impacts of additional interest rate increases by the Fed.

Such a restrictive scenario for the global economy might explain why some Bitcoin traders decided to take profits, which limited the price upside.

$4.7 billion out of reach as bulls were too optimistic

The open interest for the June 30 options expiry is $4.7 billion, but the actual figure will be lower since bulls were expecting $32,000 or higher price levels. These traders got excessively optimistic after Bitcoin’s price rallied 25.5% between June 15 and June 23, testing the $31,000 resistance.

Deribit Bitcoin options aggregate open interest for June 30. Source: Deribit

The 0.56 put-to-call ratio reflects the imbalance between the $3.1 million in call (buy) open interest and the $1.7 million in put (sell) options.

But if Bitcoin’s price remains near $30,500 at 8:00 am UTC on June 30, only $630 million worth of these call (buy) options will be available. This difference happens because the right to buy Bitcoin at $31,000 or $32,000 is useless if BTC trades below that level on expiry.

Bitcoin bears aim for sub-$30,000 to balance the scales

Below are the four most likely scenarios based on the current price action. The number of options contracts available on June 30 for call (bull) and put (bear) instruments varies depending on the expiry price. The imbalance favoring each side constitutes the theoretical profit.

  • Between $28,000 and $29,000: 7,200 calls vs. 16,200 puts. Bears in control, profiting $250 million.
  • Between $29,000 and $30,000: 13,000 calls vs. 12,600 puts. The result is balanced between put and call options.
  • Between $30,000 and $31,000: 1,500 calls vs. 2,100 puts. The net result favors the call instruments by $440 million.
  • Between $31,000 and $32,000: 3,300 calls vs. 800 puts. The net result favors the call instruments by $670 million.

This crude estimate considers the call options used in bullish bets and the put options exclusively in neutral-to-bearish trades. Even so, this oversimplification disregards more complex investment strategies.

For instance, a trader could have sold a put option, effectively gaining positive exposure to Bitcoin above a specific price. Unfortunately, there’s no easy way to estimate this effect.

Related: Will $30K be a new springboard for Bitcoin bulls?

Consequently, it will come down to whether BTC price bears are willing to risk exposure while a potential spot Bitcoin ETF approval is being analyzed by the SEC.

Although it is impossible to estimate the potential inflow or the timing of such an event, it paves the way for bulls to secure a $440 million profit by keeping Bitcoin price above $30,000 in the short term.

This article is for general information purposes and is not intended to be and should not be taken as legal or investment advice. The views, thoughts, and opinions expressed here are the author’s alone and do not necessarily reflect or represent the views and opinions of Cointelegraph.

Tether CEO and Ripple CEO Clash Over USDT — Brad Garlinghouse Says ‘I Wasn’t Attacking Tether’

Ethereum price won’t see $2K anytime soon, market data suggests

Weak derivatives metrics, and declining TVL and DApps use, put Ethereum bears in a better position to keep ETH price below $2,000.

The price of Ether (ETH) faced strong resistance at $1,920 after a 17.5% rally between June 15 and June 22. Several factors contributed to the limited upside, including worsening macroeconomic conditions, the regulatory cryptocurrency environment and weaker demand for decentralized applications (DApps) on the Ethereum network.

ETH price faces macroeconomic headwinds

On June 26, a federal judge denied a motion from Binance that could have stopped the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) from issuing public statements related to the case.

In addition, in its mid-year outlook, HSBC Asset Management’s report warned of an economic downturn in the U.S. in the fourth quarter, followed by a “year of contraction and a European recession in 2024”. The report also noted that “corporate defaults have started to creep up.”

Finally, International Monetary Fund chief economist Gita Gopinath told CNBC on June 27 that central bankers should “continue tightening” by keeping interest rates high for longer than expected.

Ethereum network demand, gas fees drop

Usage of DApps on the Ethereum network failed to gain momentum as gas fees dropped 60%. Notably, the seven-day average transaction cost dropped to $3.7 on June 26, down from $9 four weeks prior.

DApp active addresses also declined by 27% in the same period.

30-day Ethereum DApp activity. Source: DappRadar

A large chunk of the decline was concentrated on Uniswap and MetaMask Swap, while most nonfungible token (NFT) marketplaces saw a surge in their unique active wallets (UAW).

Despite UNiswap NFT Aggregator's lackluster performance, the sector faced a decent influx of users on OpenSea, Blur, Manifold, LooksRare and Unick.

More concerningly, however, is that the total value locked (TVL), measuring the deposits locked in Ethereum's smart contracts, reached its lowest level since August 2020. The indicator declined by 6.9% between April 28 and June 28 to 13.9 million ETH, according to DefiLlama.

ETH price rally not supported by derivatives markets

So how are professional traders positioned for the next ETH price move? Let's take a lot at Ether futures to gauge the odds of ETH/USD breaking above the $1,920 resistance. 

ETH quarterly futures are the preferred instruments of whales and arbitrage desks. However, these fixed-month contracts usually trade at a slight premium to spot markets as they demand an additional fee to postpone settlement.

As a result, in healthy markets, ETH futures contracts should trade at a 5 to 10% annualized premium, a situation known as contango.

Ether 2-month futures annualized premium. Source: Laevitas

According to the futures premium, known as the basis indicator, professional traders have been avoiding leveraged longs (bullish bets). Despite the modest improvement to 3%, the metric remains far from the neutral 5% threshold.

To exclude externalities that might have solely impacted the Ether futures, one should analyze the ETH options markets. The 25% delta skew indicator compares similar call (buy) and put (sell) options and will turn positive when fear is prevalent because the protective put option premium is higher than the call options.

Ether 30-day 25% skew. Source: Laevitas

The skew indicator will move above 8% if traders fear an Ether price crash. On the other hand, generalized excitement reflects a negative 8% skew.

As displayed above, the delta skew has been flirting with moderate optimism since June 22 but has been unable to sustain it for long. Presently, the negative 2% metric displays a balanced demand for options.

Resistance below $2,000 remains formidable

Judging by the ETH derivatives metrics, declining TVL and Dapps use, bears are in a better position to defend the $1,920 resistance. Moreover, the worsening macroeconomic conditions and the cryptocurrency regulatory news flow confirm the moderate pessimism for risk-on assets, including Ether.

Related: 3 reasons why Ethereum’s market cap dominance is on the rise

That does not necessarily mean that Ether is bound to retest $1,750, but it certainly presents an enormous hurdle for ETH bulls after failing to break the $1,920 level on three occasions between June 21 and June 25.

Consequently, at least for the short term, Ethereum bears have better odds of successfully defending this important price level.

This article is for general information purposes and is not intended to be and should not be taken as legal or investment advice. The views, thoughts, and opinions expressed here are the author’s alone and do not necessarily reflect or represent the views and opinions of Cointelegraph.

Tether CEO and Ripple CEO Clash Over USDT — Brad Garlinghouse Says ‘I Wasn’t Attacking Tether’

Mining difficulty passes 50 trillion — 5 things to know in Bitcoin this week

Bitcoin fundamentals are blasting ahead as May comes to an end, while traders remain torn over BTC price strength.

Bitcoin (BTC) starts a new week in an altogether different mood as the weekly candle close brings a move higher.

The largest cryptocurrency, still stuck in a narrow range, is at last showing signs of life after several spikes to two-month lows.

With volatility back in play, traders nonetheless remain conflicted — can short-timeframe strength lead to an overall trend breakout?

Opinions differ as May comes to an end, and brings with it a macroeconomic showdown, which is already making itself felt — the United States debt ceiling deal.

With an agreement to raise the ceiling and avoid a U.S. government default almost here, risk assets may see relief across the board. Since stock markets are closed until May 30, however, it will be a game of “wait and see” for Bitcoin traders to start the week.

BItcoin itself, of course, is always open, and the debt ceiling appears to have formed an impetus for optimism despite representing little in terms of macroeconomic policy trends.

With that, the conversation within crypto is all about what happens next.

Cointelegraph takes a look at these and some other important factors to consider when it comes to BTC price action in the coming days.

Debt ceiling deal nears Congress

After several weeks of drama, the Biden administration has formed and presented a solution to the U.S. debt ceiling debacle and presented it to Congress.

While it remains unknown whether it will pass, bets are already frontrunning the outcome.

“I think it is virtually certain that it will be passed,” Jeremy Siegel, professor of finance at the University of Pennsylvania, told CNBC, summarizing a popular theory.

A true doom scenario, others have pointed out, is unlikely, as the deal stalling at this point does not immediately open the U.S. to a default scenario.

“The coming week will still bring uncertainty around the debt ceiling as the agreement makes its way through Congress,” trading firm Mosaic Asset continued in the latest edition of its newsletter series, “The Market Mosaic.”

“We’ll also get an updated report from the ISM on manufacturing sector activity, plus the May jobs report. Regardless of those headlines, I’m watching the action in the average stock and cyclical sectors most closely.”

News of the deal itself, meanwhile, worked instant magic on a lackluster BTC/USD, which saw some classic end-of-week volatility to briefly hit $28,450 overnight.

Currently trading at just below $28,000, the pair has managed to improve its outlook, even as it concerns the intraweek trend.

“Now that's a really good BTC Weekly Close,” popular trader and analyst Rekt Capital responded.

“$BTC lost ~$27600 as support two weeks ago and now has positioned itself for a retest/reclaim of this same level.”
BTC/USD annotated chart. Source: Rekt Capital/ Twitter

Rekt Capital had previously warned about a looming broader breakdown which could take BTC price action back toward $20,000.

“Dip into black would be healthy and successful retest there could position BTC for a revisit of ~$28800,” he now said, flagging the zone to hold in the event of a subsequent dip to support.

Analysis further raised the possibility of Bitcoin invalidating a recently-formed head and shoulders pattern on daily timeframes, this typically linked to the start of a long-term bearish phase.

“BTC is in a very early Bull Market,” Rekt Capital added.

CME gap guides BTC price dip bets

With that, Bitcoin is providing fuel for debate as bulls inch closer to testing the top of what has been a stubborn multi-month trading range.

Those betting on downside continuing this week have already been caught short — literally. Short traders saw $44 million of positions liquidated on May 28 alone, which according to monitoring resource CoinGlass represents a one-month high.

For well-known market participants, however, there is still cause to stay conservative on what comes next.

Trader Skew noted that Bitcoin’s weekend upside had opened up a gap in CME futures, with the implication that BTC/USD should dip lower to “fill” it at the open.

“Could see a sell off post debt ceiling deal & then gold / btc go on a run before the final rug,” part of Twitter commentary stated on May 29.

CME Bitcoin futures annotated chart. Source: Skew/ Twitter

Fellow trader Mark Cullen noted that bid liquidity from nearer $25,000 had shifted higher, with traders anxious to get buy orders filled.

“Every time I do this I tend to kick myself as the would have been filled in the end,” he acknowledged, suggesting that a return toward that level remained on the table.

Trader Daan Crypto Trades meanwhile said that the battle for upside continuation was still ongoing, with a “key” resistance level still to be won.

A new milestone for Bitcoin difficulty

For Bitcoin network fundamentals, the trend is as decisively bullish as at any time this year — and new all-time highs are near.

Mining difficulty is due to add 2.5% on May 31, taking it over 50 trillion for the first time ever according to data resource BTC.com.

Add hash rate into the equation, itself circling the highest levels ever recorded, and the picture becomes clear regarding miner conviction and competition.

Bitcoin network fundamentals overview (screenshot). Source: BTC.com

As noted by analytics firm Glassnode last week, meanwhile, miners have returned to hodling — increasing their overall BTC balances by retaining more BTC earnings than they sell.

“Following a large outflow of Bitcoin across the FTX implosion, Miners (excluding Patoshi and early unlabelled Miners) have expanded their balance sheet by +8.2K BTC, increasing their holdings to a total of 78.5K BTC,” it noted alongside a chart.

Bitcoin Miner Balance annotated chart. Source: Glassnode/ Twitter

William Clemente, head of crypto research firm Reflexivity Research, meanwhile contrasted the current trend in hash rate versus spot price with Bitcoin’s 2019 price recovery.

As Cointelegraph often reports, a popular mantra still held by some longtime market participants focuses on spot price following hash rate on longer timeframes.

Hodl trend in "up only" mode

Onoing monitoring of Bitcoin hodlers produces few surprises — long-term investors refuse to sell, ferreting away more of the supply on a daily basis.

Less and less BTC is thus available for purchases as dedicated buyers send Glassnode’s “Hodled and Lost Coins” metric to multi-year highs.

At 7,725,079 BTC, these “Hodled and Lost Coins” now account for more BTC than at any time since May 2018.

BTC Amount of HODLed or Lost Coins chart. Source: Glassnode/ Twitter

This month, Cointelegraph reported on short-term price trends depending increasingly on the actions of short-term holders, typically correlated with speculative trading activity.

These investors, who have held BTC for 155 days or less, currently have a cost basis of $26,500, making that level a key, and so far successful, support zone.

Additional findings meanwhile reveal that there are also now more Bitcoin wallets with a non-zero address than ever before — over 47 million.

BTC Number of Non-Zero Addresses chart. Source: Glassnode/ Twitter

MACD crossover may spark 50% gains

The return of a 2023 bull signal is giving some pause for thought this week.

Related: Bitcoin holds 200-week average as trader says ‘inflection point’ is here

Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD), a bullish crossover, which was followed by at least 40% upside on two occasions this year, has just seen another such event.

The move was noted by popular trader, Captain Faibik, who confirmed the move occurring on May 27.

MACD subtracts the 26-period exponential moving average (EMA) from its 12-period equivalent.

A nine-day EMA of the result creates a so-called “signal line,” which when compared to the MACD value offers a form of Bitcoin top and bottom signal.

Magazine: ‘Moral responsibility’: Can blockchain really improve trust in AI?

This article does not contain investment advice or recommendations. Every investment and trading move involves risk, and readers should conduct their own research when making a decision.

Tether CEO and Ripple CEO Clash Over USDT — Brad Garlinghouse Says ‘I Wasn’t Attacking Tether’