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Hester Peirce: US crypto laws can’t assume ‘everything is a financial asset’

SEC commissioner Hester Peirce discussed a possible U.S. crypto legal framework, giving a reminder that not all uses are financial.

Cryptocurrency laws in the United States should be “reserved” and not regulate the technology as though every use is financial, argues a commissioner at the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

On June 29, Commissioner Hester Peirce — dubbed “Crypto Mom” — appeared remotely at Australian Blockchain Week and was asked how she would regulate crypto, answering:

“I think we have to make sure that whatever regulatory framework you have doesn't just assume that everything is a financial asset.”

Peirce explained while crypto is thought of in “very financial terms” other uses exist such as enabling people to interact without requiring a centralized entity.

“That's useful in the financial context, but it's also useful in building a social media platform or whatever else,” she said.

Peirce believes any legal framework should take “a reserved approach” but include “enough clarity that people feel that they can try things.”

“There is something to be said for not putting a framework in place that is so inflexible that it doesn't accommodate the new uses of crypto and blockchain.”

In a seeming swipe at the SEC’s current approach — which many have criticized including Peirce — the commissioner said the laws “can't be reserved then, all of a sudden, [regulators] come in five years later with a bunch of enforcement actions.”

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Asked about her crypto advocacy, Peirce said she thinks the SEC “can do better” and believes if she can't speak freely, “then I don't know why I'm in that position.”

“Crypto presents [the SEC] an opportunity to rethink how we approach innovation [...] I really think we've been taking an approach that is not appropriate,” she said.

Alluding to the collapse of FTX and the allegations of misconduct that followed, Peirce advised the crypto industry to undertake self-regulation and pay attention to counterparty risks, conflicts of interest and leverage.

“Those are things you don't need a government regulator to tell you to do, but I think government regulators can play a role in that.”

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Binance Australia got 12 hours’ notice before it was debanked, says exec

Binance Australia head Ben Rose claimed the exchange got less than a day's warning from its payments partner before it was "cut off" from the local banking system in May.

In the middle of the night, Binance Australia’s team was suddenly told it would be “cut off” from Australia’s banking system. There was no prior warning, consultation or redress, the exchange’s regional manager Ben Rose has claimed.

On May 18, Binance Australian announced its dollar services were suspended after its payments provider Zepto was told to stop support for Binance from Cuscal — Zepto’s partner banking and payments provider.

Rose told an audience at the Australian Blockchain Week on June 26 that the move impacted around 1 million customers based in Australia.

“We received 24 hours' notice of debanking at 11:30 pm in the evening, that was later turned into 12 hours, and so we had our banking cut off.”

“The reasons given were not entirely clear and didn't look that great in the media,” said Rose. Previously, a Cuscal spokesperson declined to comment on Binance Australia-related matters to Cointelegraph but did point to crypto-related “scams and fraud.”

The limited information initially worried Binance customers but “that tone changed pretty quickly” when it became clear it was the wider local crypto industry “impacted by these banking changes,” Rose said.

Ben Rose (right) on stage at the Australian Blockchain Week. Source: Cointelegraph

The same day Cuscal offboarded Binance, “Big Four” bank Westpac said it would begin trials that block payments to crypto exchanges. Less than a month later Commonwealth Bank, another major Australian bank, started similar crypto-related payment blocks.

Speaking to Cointelegraph after his on-stage interview, Rose declined to provide any extra information about Binance Australia’s search for an alternate third-party payments provider as discussions were ongoing.

Rose said there are other providers but admitted that Cuscal “bank the majority of this industry.”

Australia’s crypto industry has long relied on crypto-friendly payments providers including Monoova, Zai and Zepto — all of who are partnered with Cuscal to access the local banking system.

Cuscal-backed payment rails are used by Binance’s peer crypto exchanges including BTC Markets, Kraken Australia, CoinJar, Independent Reserve and many other crypto-related fintech firms.

Related: Don’t follow the US: Blockchain Aus CEO hammers ‘regulation by enforcement’

On stage, Rose claimed losing access to their banking partner “hasn't had a real impact on the business.” He added Binance users are “using other methods,” likely the purchases and deposits to bank cards that are still supported on the platform.

He stressed the need to work with regulators and the banking sector and the possibility of implementing “sensible licensing” for the industry.

“We would call for Australia to move relatively quickly because jurisdictions all around the world are now moving forward," Rose said.

"We have a window as a country and we think there's an opportunity, but there's also a risk if we don't move on licensing relatively quickly.”

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‘US has left a vacuum that other countries are eager to fill’: Coinbase

While the U.S. government opts for “regulation by enforcement,” other countries are fostering “vibrant” crypto ecosystems due to progressive regulation, argues Coinbase’s Daniel Seifert.

With Coinbase seemingly on the verge of a court battle with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), the firm has emphasized that the U.S. government’s hawkish approach to crypto regulation has “left a vacuum that other countries are eager to fill.’

The SEC issued Coinbase a wells notice on March 22 outlining that SEC staff had recommended the agency take enforcement action over “possible violations of securities laws” concerning some of the firm’s asset listings, staking services and Coinbase Wallet.

In a March 23 blog post titled Europe is winning. Will the US catch up? Daniel Seifert, Coinbase’s Vice President and Regional Managing Director in Europe, stressed that the U.S.’s “regulatory approach to crypto has been marked by regulation by enforcement,” despite industry-wide calls for “comprehensive crypto regulation.”

“This approach has created an environment of uncertainty and instability in the crypto industry,” he wrote.

As such, Seifert argued that the U.S. is losing its status as the leading hub of the crypto sector, while France, the U.K. and the European Union, are now building “vibrant” ecosystems due to their friendlier approach to crypto regulation.

“The US has left a vacuum that other countries are eager to fill,” he wrote, adding: “we are proudly an American company. It’s hard to sit by and watch the US squander the opportunity it has been given.”

In particular, Seifert highlighted the significance of the Blockchain Week event being hosted at the Louvre in Paris this month. He also pointed to the U.K.’s recent push to become a crypto hub, and the European Union’s Markets in Crypto-Assets (MiCA) regulation that is slated to come into effect in 2024.

“This year it’s being held in a private space at the Louvre, arguably the greatest national treasure in France and one of the world’s most respected museums,” he said, adding:

“To me this is a clear signal: France is rapidly recognizing the opportunity that crypto presents and is offering it space to flourish. The broader EU, the UK, UAE, Hong Kong, Singapore, Australia, and Japan are all following suit.”

The MiCA legislation has been in development for two years, and aims to establish a “harmonized set of rules for crypto-assets and related activities and services.”

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It is generally expected to be a positive move for the European cryptocurrency ecosystem, as it will offer clear rules and guidelines for the sector.

“Already we are seeing that Europe now matches the US in its share of crypto developers ( 29% apiece globally). The US used to lead the charge with 40%,” he said, adding that:

“This level of growth does not happen by chance. Concerted efforts have to be made, such as developing a regulatory framework that will provide clarity and stability for businesses operating in the space.”

In a lengthy March 23 Twitter thread, the Crypto Council for Innovation also highlighted similar points to Seifert, noting that “crypto is global, and nobody is waiting around for the US to land the plane.”

The thread explored positive developments across the globe, including examples such as the National Australia Bank’s work with non-USD pegged stablecoins, Hong Kong’s efforts to become a digital asset hub, and the Canadian Securities Administration recently imposing "enhanced investor protection commitments" on domestic crypto exchanges.

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SBF opens Aussie Blockchain Week as govt says we’re “open for business”

Sam Bankman-Fried, CEO of FTX, said the world is “very much” looking for a crypto hub in APAC, adding that other locations “haven’t played out”.

FTX CEO Sam Bankman-Fried gave the opening keynote at this year's Blockchain Week, with the events of day one held at the headquarters of the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX). 

Addressing the event remotely from the Bahamas, Bankman-Fried used his keynote to announce the launch of FTX Australia, localizing one of the world's largest crypto exchanges by volume. FTX is the naming rights sponsor for the event.

“This is something that has been in the works for a number of months, and it’s been a really high priority for us as a company.”

According to Bankman-Fried, the launch in Australia is part of a larger move for the exchange to be licensed and regulated in as many countries as possible.

He said that the world is “very much” looking for a regional hub in APAC for crypto, stating that other locations in the region “haven’t played out as expected”.

“I think that has really left an opening for someplace to kind of grab that and service that region,” he added.

Australia is looking to market itself as a crypto hub, with comments from the Federal Minister for Financial Services and the Digital Economy, Senator Jane Hume, stating that the country is “open for business” when it comes to cryptocurrencies.

Giving her address at the conference, Hume said that the crypto ecosystem is the new frontier, adding:

“If you want to be a pioneer on the virtual frontier of innovation, Australia is open for business. As the Minister for the digital economy and the Minister for financial services, I personally am backing you.”

The comments echoed those of her colleague, Senator Andrew Bragg, who provided the opening address to the conference. Bragg used his speech to announce the proposal of legislation to reform regulations for decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs), de-banking, taxes, and licensing for crypto firms in Australia.

Related: Australia’s plan to create a crypto competitive edge in 12 steps

Comparing crypto to the internet boom in the late 1990s, Hume stated that the digital asset economy could add around 2.6% to Australia’s GDP and create around 200,000 new jobs by 2030, and warned that Australia could “miss out” if the incorrect regulatory framework is applied.

“We want to encourage innovation in crypto assets, because innovation is what creates prosperity, it’s what creates jobs and economic growth.”

“There are so many innovative use cases for crypto assets, many of which are now not at all far away from becoming mainstream,” she stated.

According to the latest opinion poll, the current government is sitting a full 10 points behind the opposition on a two-party preferred basis. A looming federal election in May might jeopardize the plans of Senators Bragg and Hume, but a pro-crypto stance could be the governments' strategy for re-election, swaying younger voters towards the coalition.

Other speakers of note at day one of the five-day event Blockchain Week include Kris Marszalek, CEO of Crypto.com, Leigh Travers, CEO of Binance AU, Brooks Entwistle, SVP of Global Customer Success and Managing Director of APAC and MENA at Ripple, and Joseph Lubin, Co-founder of Ethereum.

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Poor infrastructure stops farmers taking advantage of blockchain

While the agricultural sector is among the industries standing to benefit the most from blockchain tech, poor access to infrastructure has been holding the industry back.

While the agricultural industry stands to reap enormous efficiency savings through the adoption of distributed ledger technologies, many farmers lack the digital infrastructure to support the integration of blockchain solutions.

Speaking as part of Australian Blockchain Week on April 21, Bridie Ohlsson, the CEO of digital agricultural infrastructure provider Geora, discussed the challenges associated with fostering DLT adoption within primary industries.

“In ag tech, it's been a problem of not having enough infrastructure, not there not being a use case,” she said. “As long as we have farmers calling up and saying, ‘Hey, your product looks great, but I don’t have internet on-farm’, that’s an infrastructure problem. And so we definitely need to be investing more in simply access to technologies."

“In 2016, when we started piloting some of the applications of blockchain for [agriculture], we were moving people off pen and paper, and our biggest competitor was Excel.”

Ohlsson also argued that agriculture has failed to realize the promise of blockchain technology as a force for democratization so far, with the majority of DLT pilots being executed by large corporate entities:

“Blockchain has been a world of multimillion dollar pilots for vertically integrated companies. It hasn’t held true to its promise necessarily of democratizing access to technology, and it's been too technical and too expensive for 570 million farmers globally to access.”

However, Ohlsson believes this is now changing, asserting the technology can now be offered at an affordable price, “rather than starting with a huge pilot agreement, a whole lot of legals, and hundreds of millions of dollars in the bank.” 

“I think that it’s shifting, and I think that puts us in a good position now to capitalize on what we haven’t been able to deliver previously,” she added.

With Australia losing billions annually to food and wine products fraudulently claiming Australian origin in the global markets, an increasing number of firms are trying to use blockchain to certify provenance and drive savings across the agricultural supply chain. BeefChain, AgChain and VeChain are just some of the providers offering solutions.

Last year, Mastercard, Visa, and AliPay were revealed to be involved in the newly launched APAC Provenance Council, which focused on supply chain tracing pilots in the Asia Pacific region.

In 2018, Australia’s National Transport Insurance announced a trial in partnership with BeefLedger to bolster the supply chain integrity of beef exports.

Quantum computing will fortify Bitcoin signatures: Adam Back