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Task Force Lima will look into how artificial intelligence can be used across the U.S. defense, including warfighting capabilities.

The United States Pentagon has launched a new task force to look into how generative artificial intelligence can be used for the nation’s defense.

On Aug. 10, the Pentagon announced the formation of “Task Force Lima” which would look into integrating AI across the U.S. defense apparatus so it can “design, deploy, and use generative AI technologies.”

In a statement, the Department of Defense said the aim is to use AI to enhance its business affairs, health, readiness, policy and warfighting capabilities.

Today, @DepSecDef signed Task Force Lima into effect. This @DeptofDefense-wide generative AI task force will examine generative AI use cases from across the federal government & develop recommendations on responsibly using these powerful tools. Learn more: https://t.co/GELM3aJqRf
— DOD Chief Digital & AI Office (@DODCDAO) August 10, 2023

Deputy Secretary of Defense Dr. Kathleen Hicks said part of Lima’s mission would also study how the department can defend against and respond to malicious or adversarial uses of AI.

The newly formed Chief Digital and Artificial Intelligence Office (CDAO) — which launched in June 2022 — will lead the new task force, with U.S. Navy Captain Manuel Xavier Lugo named Lima’s mission commander.

Lima’s creation comes as tensions between the U.S. and China over AI technology continue to heighten.

On Aug. 9 President Joe Biden signed an executive order that named China, Hong Kong and Macau as countries of concern and tech investments in those regions would be would regulated and restricted.

Such tech investments — deemed critical for China’s military, intelligence and cyber capabilities — included semiconductors which are often vital for developing AI models.

The order adds to restrictions on AI chip sales to China that Biden implemented in October 2022 and U.S. officials are mulling tighter controls on such sales.

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Air Force Colonel Matthew Strohmeyer said the initial tests were "highly successful" but admitted it isn't "ready for primetime right now."

The United States military has begun tests to see if generative AI can assist when planning responses to potential global conflicts or taking on more mundane tasks like providing faster access to internal information.

On July 6, Bloomberg reported the U.S. Department of Defense and unnamed allies are, for the first time, testing five AI large language models (LLMs) in experiments run by the digital and AI office at the Pentagon.

Information about which LLMs are undergoing testing is guarded but AI startup Scale AI reportedly came forward to say its “Donovan” model is one of the five.

Air Force Colonel Matthew Strohmeyer told Bloomberg an initial test of an LLM was “highly successful [...] Very fast” and the DoD is “learning that this is possible for us to do” but added it’s not “ready for primetime right now.”

One test explained by Strohmeyer saw an AI model deliver a request for information in 10 minutes, a blistering speed as requests often take days and involve multiple personnel.

The LLMs have already been given classified operational information to generate responses on real-world matters. The tests see if they could help plan a response to a potential escalation of the already tense military situation with China in the Indo-Pacific.

While the tests are set to only run until July 26, the U.S. military has been studying AI’s potential capabilities in warfare for some time.

In May, the British government’s Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (Dstl) hosted the U.S. and Australia for the first joint trial testing AI-enabled military drones to track and detect targets.

Our first AUKUS #AI and #autonomy trial saw joint deployment of Australian, UK and US AI-enabled assets to detect and track military targets

This will have a huge impact on military capability @UKStratCom @USDOD @DefenceAust @wearebluebear @Insitu_inc @BoeingAustralia pic.twitter.com/5Yt4AvHDb9
— Dstl (@dstlmod) May 26, 2023

Dstl said the trail “achieved world firsts” such as retraining the AI-models live while in flight and AUKUS interchanging the models — which is “looking to rapidly drive these technologies into military capabilities.”

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