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6 Questions for Cristina Dolan of InsideChains

We ask the buidlers in the blockchain and cryptocurrency sector for their thoughts on the industry… and throw in a few random zingers to keep them on their toes!


 

This week, our 6 Questions go to Cristina Dolan, co-founder and chief operating officer of InsureX Technologies, an alternative insurance marketplace based on blockchain, and CEO of InsideChains, which builds large consortia and marketplaces with economic token layers to facilitate the global exchange of data and transactions.

Cristina is an engineer, entrepreneur and author who has successfully embraced advanced technologies to build and grow disruptive businesses throughout her career in media, telecommunications, e-commerce and, more recently, fintech. As an early adopter of crypto and blockchain technologies, she co-founded and advised blockchain-enabled companies in climate tech, insurtech, healthtech and crypto trading. As a veteran of evolving networked technologies, she is currently focused on cybersecurity, which has become the most immediate financial material ESG and sustainability risk organizations face today, and co-authored a recently published book: Transparency in ESG and the Circular Economy, Capturing Opportunities Through Data (available at ESGdataBook.com).

 


1 What has been the toughest challenge youve faced in our industry so far?

In the early days of crypto and blockchain, I would speak on panels where people would say things like, Crypto and blockchain are only used by bad actors. Unfortunately there are still leaders that talk about the criminal activities that are enabled by crypto and blockchain that need to be stopped. It is amazing that they haven’t learned from the radical transformation of media and e-commerce through the evolution of connected technologies.

It is unfortunate that some leaders just don’t understand that the evolution of new technologies also aligns with the changing needs of communities. Technology adoption is one of the most important pillars of corporate sustainability! (Look at Blockbuster or Kodak!) When companies fail, it impacts the communities, partners and even the local tax base that pays for services like education. We live in a world that is evolving faster and faster, and regulators want more and more data and transparency you can’t stay in business without adopting new technologies.

The beauty of the hyper-innovation that has evolved from the interest in crypto and blockchain is unparalleled by any other disruptive technology. It has influenced innovation from cybersecurity, which utilizes cryptography, to supply chain, which needs transparency more than ever before!

Lack of understanding is probably the toughest challenge. It is hard to keep up with the accelerating evolution of technology in the context of social needs, like improved sustainability data tracking or improved controlled access to healthcare data.

Today, there is a requirement to be a self-learner just to keep up, and it takes up a lot of time. Even for those of us who are curious and love to learn and focus on solving problems with technology, the avalanche of evolving technologies can feel overwhelming.

2 Does it matter if we ever figure out who Satoshi really is or was?

I hope that Satoshi Nakamoto remains a mystery forever! While there has been a lot of detailed speculation around who was working on the foundational building blocks and who was influential in the public-key cryptography and decentralized architectures, it is important to keep the technology separate from the behavior or personal activities or an individual. Our networked culture is full of celebrity figures who have large social media followings and endorse products. This kind of celebrity would be a distraction to the impact and evolution.

Bitcoin is the grandfather of an incredible age of hyper-innovation which is hard to understand with all the complex interrelated layers, like economics, technology, politics, or simply how to transact with Bitcoin. Adding a celebrity layer to Bitcoin would just add more polarization and misunderstanding than what already exists, creating an unnecessary distraction or excuses to ignore the transformation that is coming quickly. Celebrity figures like Elon Musk have moved the crypto markets.

Organizations that don’t embrace technology will not be sustainable. We have seen many examples of this over the past few decades. Moving from a figurative representation to an actual human who will be depicted as having possible political or economic interests will only become an excuse for some leaders to ignore the requirement to transform to meet the needs of a changing society.

3 When you tell people you’re in the blockchain industry, how do they react?

Years ago I would publish social media posts about blockchain and crypto, and people would say block-what? At the time, I was working in the fintech space, where some peers in the institutional financial trading space would make jokes about it …there she goes again talking about crypto or blockchain Of course, many of them transitioned into the space later as their industry began to shrink.

Today, there is a totally different reaction. Many people are eager to learn more about the technologies and the potential trajectory of transformation. I do get a lot of calls from people who have lost their keys and want to know if there is a way to find them of course, if it was that easy to solve for lost keys, people would have unlocked some of Satoshi’s Bitcoin by now!

Focusing on cybersecurity, I do get a lot of questions about custody and security. There are so many people across all industries who are now doing incredibly interesting things in the space. It is fun to listen and learn about possible solutions to critical social issues utilizing the technology. People are now thinking about the use of these technologies within important or sophisticated business processes, and collaborating on possible solutions is now a lot more fun!

 

4 Which two superpowers would you most want to have, and how would you combine them for good or evil?

Speed-related superpowers would be the most valuable in a world that is evolving at hyper speed. While some people might describe me as being energetic, I would love to have the ability to do more and experience more each day!

First would be related to travel speed that would enable movement from one location to another location without traffic jams or airport check-in protocols, which have gotten more complicated with the pandemic. So much time is wasted in traveling. As we begin to plan more face-to-face meetings that require putting travel time into the calendar to arrive in time, it is clear that having the ability to travel at light speed would save time. While the carbon footprint for travel could be decreased since there would not be a requirement for traditional vehicles, I am sure that traveling at the speed of light would create some significant heat.

The second would be related to the speed of ingesting information and understanding it. The faster you can learn and connect the dots, the faster you can apply the intuitive understanding towards building valuable solutions for the growing number of problems our world faces today. This would enable me to do what I love to do, but even faster.

While living forever creates issues, including the increased demand for the limited resources on earth, the idea of being able to do and experience even more during our short lives is a good alternative.

 

5 Name the things you own that you’ll never part with.

This is a great question, because my answer today is probably a little different from things I would have listed years ago. For example, a passport, which has been my gateway for learning, connecting and growing is probably the most valuable tool I possess. While it can be replaced if lost, it is still one of my most important possessions because of the possibilities it offers to engage with people all over the world.

One of the lessons from the pandemic was in helping me understand how much I missed engaging with close friends all over the world. Unfortunately, during the pandemic, the passport didn’t offer the opportunity to travel, especially if it represented residency in a country with high covid cases. During the pandemic, the passport wasn’t as valuable as it had been throughout my life. It was even impossible to engage with close friends who lived within a mile of my home. While the evolution of conferencing tools has made it easier to video conference, the nature of the conversations tends to be more transactional and efficient, which eliminates the opportunity to learn or collaborate to the same degree. Travel is a wonderful gift. Unfortunately, we need more than just a passport to make it possible during the pandemic.

I have always loved beautiful watches the old-fashioned jeweled masterpiece kind and have a treasured collection that reminds me of important milestones throughout my life. It is such a treat to wear a beautiful timepiece, yet I rely more on my Fitbit these days to track my early morning runs regardless of where I am in the world. While I also have an Apple Watch Series 7, I still prefer my Fitbit with its longer lasting battery and its efficient metrics.

It is sad to admit that my mobile phone has become so important to my day-to-day activities, communications and work. While I don’t use it for banking and avoid SMS verifications because it can be a security risk, I recognize its value in remaining engaged and active both professionally and socially. It is becoming a bigger part of identity, and the required COVID-19 vaccine verifications are so much easier on a mobile device. While having the latest mobile phone isn’t as important, what is important is the connectivity and engagement. I love the ability to grab a spontaneous picture and send it to a friend or the ability to connect with people on demand. As an avid photographer with a large collection of amazing cameras from the old Rolleiflex, Kodak Brownie and an old tiny spy camera, to the latest Canon professional DSLR cameras and lenses, nothing beats the spontaneous nature of using a mobile device to capture an emotional moment and share it instantly with friends. There is still a time and place for these beautiful traditional cameras, but the smartphone has a unique use case.

I treasure the more traditional artwork my sons have made in school over the years, which I have framed and placed on my walls, because the art represents their interests and activities over the years. Time feels like it passes faster and faster, and having the ability to look at their art and pictures, which I have throughout my home, brings back the joy and wonderful memories.

 

6 What’s the future of social media?

Social media has evolved over the last two decades as networked devices, smartphones and specialized applications have matured while the people that use them are also evolving and aging. For example, Waze lets you know that people you may know are traveling nearby. You could argue that the shared economy is a derivative of social networks that enabled growing mobility and shared solutions within communities.

The nature of information that is shared on social media has changed as the demographics of certain networks have changed dramatically. Freedom of speech isn’t always welcome, and the ability to block opinions have polarized communities. There are a plethora of different communications tools which enable private communications. It is hard to keep up with all the different options and networks that friends prefer for direct communications.

There is a move towards smaller private groups on networks with encryption and security. Mobile devices have become a critical component of how people communicate and identify themselves; for example, some COVID-19 vaccine verifications are dependent on smartphone access.

While social media platforms where influencers inform large numbers of followers are still popular, they will need to evolve as the community matures. A different strategy will be required to attract younger digital native generations who have a different relationship with their digital identity and the digital worlds they play and engage in. How they communicate and engage may be an extension of the video games they participate in. It isn’t a surprise to see the popularity in NFTs when you look at the popularity of digital objects in video games over the years that have generated billions of dollars for popular gaming platforms. The popularity of digital worlds where identity is tied to digital representation of an individual’s interests and values will continue to rise.

While there will continue to be a variety of specialized social networks that cater to professional or other communities with common interests, the younger digital native generations are going to be more comfortable interacting and communicating through the use of their self-created digital identities in virtual environments. Technologies are evolving quickly to support immersive environments to facilitate interesting new interactions and experiences. The possibilities for the future are endless and not necessarily a direct extension of today’s leading social platforms. Who knows, maybe the future will be about sharing virtual experiences in the same way people share TikTok video clips? This will require easy ways to create the experiences, and yet we already see young kids creating interactive environments in Roblox.

 

A wish for the blockchain community:

Wishing the ambitious blockchain community continues in its excitement for problem solving and innovation. While not all problems will benefit from the technology, the energy applied to problem solving through the evolution of the technology is contagious and inspiring! Hoping the ideation and creativity grows more to address some of the world’s biggest problems!

China Unearths Massive Gold Veins That Could Reshape Global Markets

The Vitalik I know: Dmitry Buterin

This is part two of an extensive interview with Dmitry Buterin, looking at his relationship with Vitalik and his insights as a father. For Part 1, which detailed his own fascinating life story, click here.

Dmitry Buterin recalls the day in 2013 when his son Vitalik showed him the Ethereum white paper at their home in Toronto.

Hes like, Hey Dad, I was working on this thing, are you interested to look at it? the Chechyna-born Toronto resident says in his idiosyncratic accent. Vitalik had dropped out of university a year before to travel the world and, within a month of arriving home, hed written the first draft.

Even though Dmitry famously introduced his son to Bitcoin two years earlier, he admits many of the details went right over his head. But, he understood the wider vision.

One of his skills is he can take something very very complex and he can explain it really well, he says.

So, even though I was only superficially knowledgeable about Bitcoin and all the crytpo stuff, when I read this document I was like, wow, this makes a lot of sense to me. So, I was quite excited.

Satoshi Nakamoto intentionally limited the complexity of transactions on the Bitcoin network and Vitaliks great realization was that if he designed an evolution of Bitcoin in a Turing complete programming language, it could potentially offer every conceivable digital service via the blockchain, from the stock market to building decentralized cooperatives. Dmtiry says the invention of Bitcoin had been a huge leap and that the next leap could only be built atop of it.

For me, it really resonated as a very simple analogy, right? He says, Because I observed the growth of internet, it started with static HTML websites and it was all interesting, but very limited.

But, JavaScript came online and then all other scripting languages and things changed. So for me, it was very clear that Ethereum was the same magnitude of change as going from static kind of simple stuff to having Turing complete scripting, then the skys the limit.

He adds further: And yes, its very complicated and risky and there are security issues and whatnot. But, you can do anything.

 

 

Dmitry and Vitalik
Vitalik was interested in building Lego block chains early on. (Supplied)

 

Vitalik struggled as a public figure

Although Vitalik had the far sighted vision that turned into a cryptocurrency worth half a trillion dollars, explaining the concept and forging a coalition of like-minded people to help develop it forced him to become a public figure a role that did not come naturally. That was actually quite difficult for him, Dmitry says.

I could see that and he struggled, especially the first couple years because he is a person who has a, if you will, very kind and sensitive nature well meaning. And hes like, Oh now I’m trying to do this and why are all these people building these websites which ridicule me?

But, he adds that the challenges helped Vitalik to grow in emotional intelligence.

Through all the public speaking and interacting with so many people and all the traveling that he has done, now the world can see much more of the Vitalik that I know and his family knows: This very kind, sensitive and fun guy versus just kind of some smart guy with a lot of smart ideas talking about blockchain and stuff.

 

 

The Vitalik I know: Dmitry Buterin
Dmitry Buterin has a great relationship with his son Vitalik.

 

 

Back to the beginning

Now a successful businessman who semi-retired in 2017 after the SaaS business he founded, Wild Apricot, was sold, Dmitry says it was obvious from very early on that there was something unique and special about Vitalik. Dmitry, being of a philosophical bent, would no doubt add that theres something unique and special about every child, but Vitalik was in a category of his own.

His birth in 1994 had been something of a happy surprise. Dmitry was a 21-year old student at the time living in Kolomna, Russia with Vitaliks mother, Natalia Amelineas, as the former Soviet Union fell apart. While Dmitry had himself been a bright child who had learned to read by three and a half, he says Vitalik began reading quite a way before that.

But, great gifts come with their own issues, too, and Vitalik took longer than usual to become comfortable with speaking.

It was kind of obvious that he had some really interesting capabilities, says Dmitry.

But also, every child who has very powerful brain has all kinds of other things like nervous tics and things like that. So, there are a lot of things that to deal with their communication is different.

When Vitalik was six, Dmitry, his new partner Maia and former wife Natalia all moved to Canada in search of a better life.

The move to the other side of the globe threw the young Vitalik into a strange and unfamiliar territory. Until then, Vitalik had been mostly raised by Natalia and Dmitry, along with her parents.

They helped out a lot, but they were adamant about not sending him to childcare. So, when he arrived to Canada, he had to go childcare in different language and whatnot. So, it was a big and somewhat painful transition for him.

 

 

 

Fast track to success

Vitaliks potential was noticed early on, and by the third grade, hed been placed into a class for gifted children where he began to develop his interests in mathematics, programming and economics. The young Buterin was able to add three digit numbers in his head ten times faster anyone else. People started to refer to him as a math genius by grade five or six.

A seminal Wired profile from 2014 described him as autistic wunderkind who had learned to speak fluent Mandarin in just a few months: Which is bullshit, notes Dmitry. It took much longer. Co-founder Joseph Lubin (later of ConsenSys fame) described Vitalik at the time as a genius alien that had arrived on this planet to deliver the sacrosanct gift of decentralization.

Like other highly intelligent people, Dmitry says Vitalik understands the world in a different way to the average person, which affects how they interact and socialize.

When youre smart, your mind is much better at creating models of everything and forecasting different things, he says. And, that works quite well about a lot of things. But, it doesn’t work that well with humans:

Youve become way too reliant on your thinking mind and not so much on your sensing mind. Your thinking mind, however powerful, will mess up because human emotions are infinitely more complex than with any kind of analytical model you can imagine.

Despite this challenge, he says Vitalik started to come out of his shell when he began attending a private high school called Abelard School.

I think that he really blossomed when he went into high school, he says. He went to this little private school that made a big impact on him, he really opened up.

But, the Vitalik we now know was really born online. He may be called a Russian-Canadian on Wikipedia, but he was raised as a product of internet culture.

He actually learned how to connect with people online and build the connections and whatnot, he says. And, thats kind of when he entered the whole crypto and Bitcoin space.

He actually developed a lot of relationships online with other enthusiasts, says Dmitry. And thats another way we use social skills, just in a very different way than in face to face.

 

 

Dmitry and Vitalik
Dmitry and Vitalik play a game of chess (Source: Twitter)

 

 

Enter the Bitcoin

Dmitry is reluctant to take credit for his sons successes, but he certainly played a key role by introducing his son to Bitcoin. He first tried and failed to get his son interested in hacking, which he describes as how do you take a complex system and make it do something else that it wasn’t designed to do?

Part of the father-son dynamic was that whenever Dmitry got interested in something, he liked to try and pass it on to Vitlaik.

Vitalik also has a very curious mind. So, all of my life, especially as he was growing up, Ive been just trying to feed him a lot of interesting things and see what resonates.

Dmitry himself learned Bitcoin after hearing about it on a cybersecurity podcast in 2011.

Im like, oh, wow, this definitely sounds like very interesting technology that has some potentially big implications. But, I cannot say that, at the time, Ive had really much clarity about how big the implications of that were, he says.

As a self professed techno optimist, Dmitry has always been fascinated by technology and feeds his range of interests from AI and futurism to libertarianism and spiritualism through voracious reading.

One formative influence was the scientist and inventor Ray Kurzweil who wrote a bunch of books about the progress of technology and made a bunch of very optimistic forecasts about the future.

He was one of my biggest influences in my early 20s. When I read his books, I actually gave them to Vitalik as well. Recently, I ended up getting in touch him through some friend and he actually sent some of his books that I read with Vitlaik 15 to 20 years ago. He sent signed copies to me, which was nice.

 

 

Dmitry Buterin
Dmitry Buterin is a funny and philosophical man.

 

 

When it comes to hacking, Dmitry explains that he failed to get Vitalik interested in the concept, as other things were more appealing. He passed copies of the Hacker Quarterly 2600 Magazine to him, as well as books by the famous 90s convicted hacker Kevin Mitnick, who spent two years on the run from the FBI.

He didn’t really get interested that much in hacking as such, but the cryptography really resonated with him. And you know, he read a whole bunch of books about cryptography and the math behind it. So, when I told him about Bitcoin, it was a very fertile object for his mind to chew on, if you will.

While his 17-year-old son initially dismissed the concept of a currency with no intrinsic value being doomed to fail, he came back to it after quitting his World of Warcraft obsession when he needed something else to occupy his time.

Being a penniless student, he couldnt afford to buy Bitcoin or mine any, so he began writing posts for a blog for 5 BTC per article. This led to a gig as a head writer for Bitcoin Magazine, which he juggled while studying five advanced courses at the University of Waterloo and working part time as a research assistant for a cryptographer.

It was as a journalist that he covered a Bitcoin conference in San Jose California in May 2013, where the Winklevoss Twins and others talked up this new tech revolution as something that could be as significant as the birth of the internet. Excited by the potential, he decided to embrace the opportunity with both hands and drop out of college at the end of the semester to pursue it full time.

 

 

Dmitry and Vitalik
Vitalik, Dmitry and Natalia shortly after they moved to Toronto (Supplied).

 

Dad, Im dropping out

Dmitry recalls the day Vitalik visited to tell him of the plan.

I actually do remember that day when he came from university. Actually, his mom was in our house visiting, so when he came in all three of us were here, myself, Maia and Natalia. And then he mentioned, Hey, guys, Im actually thinking of dropping out, he says.

And it was really interesting. All three of us had a very similar reaction that we supported him because we all knew that hes a very bright wonderful young adult and, if he drops out, he will be totally fine.

So, he dropped out and went for the whole trip around the world and got involved with a bunch of things.

Dmitry met Vitaliks step mom Maia in Russia in 1995 or 1996. The pair got married in 2004 but separated a couple of years ago. He says she played a big role in Vitaliks upbringing.

Maia was a huge influence on Vitlaik because he was growing up with the two of us mostly and then he was seeing his mom regularly whenever she was able to visit Toronto, he says, adding that she later moved nearby, so they saw each other often.

Dmitry explains that it was essentially as if Vitalik had three parents.

Pretty much, its nice. I think it was a couple of years ago when we were having some kind of family dinner, and Vitalik was here. He stood up and said that he is really grateful that in his life he has so many awesome people close to him and he said I have my mom and I have you Maia, I don’t remember the words he used. But, you know, he was very genuine and very sincere.

Read more:Meet Dmitry: Co-founder of Ethereums creator Vitalik Buterin

 

 

Meet Dmitry: Co-founder of Ethereum’s creator Vitalik Buterin

 

 

 

China Unearths Massive Gold Veins That Could Reshape Global Markets

Powers On… Top 5 crypto legal and regulatory developments of 2021

While still leading the securities litigation, hedge fund and SEC defense national practices at my last law firm, BakerHostetler, my practice team members and I would prepare an annual list of key developments and cases in the area each December.

It was usually a top 10 list that was then published by Wolters Kluwer in one of its CCH publications and by BakerHostetler as a separate publication to our law firm clients. Now that I am officially retired from law firm practice and these days devote most of my professional attention to the blockchain and crypto space, my editor, Max Yakubowski, and I thought it made sense to do something similar for Cointelegraphs readers.


Powers On… is a monthly opinion column from Marc Powers, who spent much of his 40-year legal career working with complex securities-related cases in the United States after a stint with the SEC. He is now an adjunct professor at Florida International University College of Law, where he teaches a course on Blockchain, Crypto and Regulatory Considerations.


So, here is my top five list for 2021. It has some caveats attached. For one, the blockchain space has so many dimensions, some implicating finance and many that do not. The use cases for this ledger technology expand each year, constrained only by human ingenuity. This list focuses on developments this year that affect financial transactions and systems. It also focuses on what I perceive as key regulation, legislation and litigation affecting the ecosystem. Next, this is a top five list, not a top 10 one. While yes, there are dozens of issues and items that are transformative, that would be a much longer piece. Finally, some of the items on the list I have already written about in prior columns, so they will be familiar to regular readers. As a result, I dont feel the need to provide lengthy explanations as to why an item made the list.

 

 

 

 

1. El Salvador adopts BTC as a national currency

Back in June, at the Bitcoin 2021 conference in Miami, Salvadoran President Nayib Bukele announced he would seek to have El Salvador adopt Bitcoin as a national currency. At the time, the country had used the U.S. dollar as its official currency since 2001, abandoning at the time its local currency, the coln. In short order, the countrys legislative body adopted laws mandating that beginning in September, all commercial establishments must accept Bitcoin as legal tender, with some exceptions. Wallets containing $30 in BTC have also been made available to citizens by the tiny countrys banks. This was not a voluntary choice for businesses; rather, it was required, which makes this event so significant.

It was a watershed moment for sovereign nations, as other countries have begun efforts to do the same, including Panama and Ukraine. While other countries have adopted blockchain technology for parts of their financial and governmental systems such as Georgia mandating that government real estate auctions occur on a blockchain this is different and more significant. It is for the entire countrys economy.

2. The United States woke legislation on blockchain transactions

In November, Congress finally passed the Biden administrations $1.2 trillion infrastructure legislation at least the piece of the proposed legislation that actually was directed at building and rebuilding our bridges, roads, rails and telecommunications. As part of the bill, formally called the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, there is an amendment to Section 6045 of the tax code, which requires the reporting to citizens engaged in securities transactions, with an overly broad definition of brokers. It mandates tax reporting information by traditional brokerage firms of their customers. However, the bill arguably could be interpreted to impose this significant reporting requirement on blockchain miners and developers, which many in Congress believe is bad for crypto and overbearing.

 

 

 

 

The importance of this tax provision is that it is one of the first efforts of the federal government to better incorporate digital assets, like virtual currency, into our nations tax code, according to a Dec. 14 letter from six senators to Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen, whether Yellen does as they ask or not. These senators are Rob Portman, Mark Warner, Kyrsten Sinema, Cynthia Lummis, Pat Toomey and Mike Crapo members of both major political parties. It is also significant that not only is there support for the technology in the Senate, there is now also a Congressional Blockchain Caucus.

The caucus is a bipartisan group of members of the House of Representatives dedicated to advancing the technology with a light touch regulatory approach, according to its mission statement. Back in August 2020, it wrote to the Internal Revenue Service seeking clarity on how the agency would be taxing the block rewards arising from the proof-of-stake validation process. As of this writing, the caucus website lists 35 members of the House, a significant number.

3. Federal Reserve Chair Powell is open to the benefits of blockchain for the financial system

On more than one occasion this past year, Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell has stated publicly and in congressional hearings that he sees certain benefits for the world and U.S. financial systems in utilizing blockchain and digital assets. Back in March, he stated on CNBC that while Bitcoin was not a very good store of value or currency, it was a speculative asset like gold. Thereafter, he made clear that the Fed has no intention of banning crypto.

A few days ago, Powell acknowledged that he does not envision the Armageddon that crypto haters see. He made clear he does not see crypto as a danger to the financial system at this time. Regarding stablecoins, he said they can certainly be a useful, efficient consumer-serving part of the financial system if theyre properly regulated.

 

 

 

 

If you think back a few years, cryptocurrencies and the blockchains from where they come were verboten in the federal government. No one was allowed to embrace them. So, it seems to me that there has been a clear evolution and maturation of thinking on the part of Powell about these things and the useful aspects of digital assets for our economy and the worlds financial system. Given Powells considerable influence over our economy and economic stability, likely even more so than our president, this is a very positive development. All of this talk seems like a precursor to a central bank digital currency being issued by the Fed.

4. SEC allows Bitcoin ETF for retail customers

The new Securities and Exchange Commission chairman, Gary Gensler, has a clear bias toward his former employer, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, where he served as chair from 2009 to 2014. Yet, he is still advancing the ball for crypto, albeit slowly.

For several years now, various financial companies have sought to sell exchange-traded funds based upon Bitcoin and other digital assets. ETFs hold a basket of securities or assets, such as the S&P 500 ETF, which holds all of the securities in the S&P 500 Index. ETFs are generally less costly investment products for retail investors than mutual funds. Yet, pointedly during the chairmanship of former SEC Chair Jay Clayton, each time one of the more than a dozen ETFs were presented to the SEC, it failed to approve the effectiveness of the public offering, effectively killing it.

 

 

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In October, however, things changed. The SEC allowed the first Bitcoin-based ETF to trade in public U.S. markets: the ProShares Bitcoin futures ETF. Yet, there was a catch. The ETF approved is based upon Bitcoin futures, not the underlying BTC itself found in the spot market, revealing Genslers biases from his years at the CFTC. To me, there is no legitimate rationale for allowing a futures-based ETF but not a spot-based one. Indeed, a futures-based ETF, which requires a rolling over of futures contracts, is more expensive to manage.

Also, it is restricted in the number of contracts that can be purchased under current CFTC position limits rules. There is no similar restriction for spot ETFs. The claim that the markets for Bitcoin have been in regulated marketplaces such as the CME for years and thus the futures marketplace is a more stable and orderly marketplace for an ETF is bunk. Nonetheless, at some point, a spot ETF will be approved, and the fact that all retail investors can now buy Bitcoin, even if derivatively, is a significant advancement for both the technology and alternative asset.

5. Ripple fights the SEC in court

In the waning days of the lame-duck Clayton-led SEC in December 2020, the Commission authorized and filed a lawsuit against Ripple and two of its principals, alleging the defendants engaged in unregistered public securities offerings of XRP over a period of years. As discussed in one of my columns earlier this year, it was an ill-advised, overly aggressive action that did not need to be brought.

Among other reasons, it is questionable whether the XRP token was a security under the federal securities laws. Also, another government regulator, the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network, had previously complained in 2013 to Ripple that its offerings constituted currency exchanges, thus subjecting Ripple to register as a money services business exchanger with the agency. So, Ripple registered and was fined $700,000 by FinCEN as a penalty for registration and AML violations in 2015, only to have a separate federal agency the SEC claim five years later that the same offerings were public offerings of securities. Repetitive actions by multiple U.S. regulators for similar underlying transactions are unfair and unnecessary.

If I was a betting man, which I am, I would say the SEC will lose this fight by which I mean the court either will find that XRP is not a security, that the sales of XRP by Ripples principals were not public offerings here in the United States, or that an injunction against the defendants is neither necessary nor granted. This fight and the subsequent decision by Judge Analisa Torres could be monumental.

There you have it, readers my top five list.

Enjoy the holidays, and may we soon defeat COVID-19 worldwide. You will soon be hearing my ruminations again in 2022!

 


Marc Powers is currently an adjunct professor at Florida International University College of Law, where he is teaching Blockchain, Crypto and Regulatory Considerations and Fintech Law. He recently retired from practicing at an Am Law 100 law firm, where he built both its national securities litigation and regulatory enforcement practice team and its hedge fund industry practice. Marc started his legal career in the SECs Enforcement Division. During his 40 years in law, he was involved in representations including the Bernie Madoff Ponzi scheme, a recent presidential pardon and the Martha Stewart insider trading trial.


The opinions expressed are the authors alone and do not necessarily reflect the views of Cointelegraph nor Florida International University College of Law or its affiliates. This article is for general information purposes and is not intended to be and should not be taken as legal or investment advice.


 

 

 

 

China Unearths Massive Gold Veins That Could Reshape Global Markets

Inside the Iranian Bitcoin mining industry

ViraMiner is an Iranian company that sets up Bitcoin mining farms and maintains them. It has two offices in western Tehran, located in separate adjacent buildings.

When Magazine visits, its old office is busy on a Monday afternoon. This place is now officially dedicated to its repairing services alone.

Mining devices are stored upon each other in yellow, green and red shelves raised against a wall facing the company secretarys desk. Across the entrance, there is a busy repair room where devices are opened. Power supplies, hash boards and control boards are passed around, discussed and modified.

Bitmain Antminer and MicroBT Whatsminer are a specialty for repairs by the company, whose personnel are all young tech enthusiasts. Mina Jahanbakhshi, one of the three female employees present there, gives a tour around the office and leads me to a room next to the repair section, which is being prepared for new employees who have been hired to help the company keep up with its growing demand.

Electricity consumption peak in Irans hot summer has just passed and a presidential ban on power-intensive crypto mining has recently been lifted. The company, therefore, expects busy days ahead.

White new desks are put next to a wall toward the end of the quiet room and the extra repairing equipment has yet to arrive.

The waiting period for repairing equipment is currently two weeks, she says. We are adding new personnel to speed up the repairing process.

Mining has grown significantly in Iran over the past few years.

People are getting more familiar with mining, Jahanbakhshi says. Its an interesting and attractive field. It is growing worldwide, and likewise in Iran.

 

 

Iran mine
ViraMiner is an Iranian company. (Supplied)

 

Small community

As another sign of a growing business, the company is preparing an additional office in a separate building nearby. The air in the under-construction workplace is teeming the odor of fresh paint.

Omid Alavi, ViraMiners CEO, is having a meeting a few steps from construction workers doing plasterwork on the walls.

There is no place to have an interview, so we move to the neighboring apartment where an office for another company is being prepared. Alavi exchanges a few jokes with the people in the neighboring office. A person unfamiliar with their relationship would assume the two offices belong to the same company.

These are our competitors, Alavi says jokingly as we walk past a desk across the entrance. The crypto community is really small.

Alavi tells Magazine that he established the company with two other partners back in 2016.

In 2017-2018, the Bitcoin hype gained momentum. Many got interested in cryptocurrency and this led to the building of many mining farms in Iran. We put our focus on the setting up and the maintenance of the farms. We generally became a specialized company in this sector.

Despite ups and downs, ViraMiner has seen overall growth in recent years.

In the past four to five years, the number of our personnel has increased to nearly 70. We created a specialized repair services unit, where 16-17 trained personnel repair mining equipment, he says.

 

 

 

 

We had some of our staff do courses in Chinas Bitmain Technologies Ltd and MicroBT. We also invited experts from China to train our staff here.

ViraMiner was initially established as an underground company. But, in 2019, when mining was recognized by the authorities as an industry, Alavi and his colleagues received permits to be an authorized company active in the field.

Simultaneously, we have tried to help the government make regulations for mining, he says.

According to the Iranian Mining Association, two-thirds of Iran’s Bitcoin mining is unauthorized.

 

 

Inside the Iranian Bitcoin mining industry
Bitcoin mining is big business in Iran.

 

Government supervision

Iran accounts for an estimated 4.5% to 7% of the global Bitcoin hash rate. The extensive reach of the industry has prompted the Iranian government to increase its supervision of mining.

However, the government has concerns with the industry due to the sector’s consumption of Irans heavily subsidized electricity, as well as a sneaking suspicion that illegal miners are evading taxes and duties.

 

 

 

 

Moreover, the government has shown a desire to turn mining into an opportunity to compensate, at least in part, for an almost-complete embargo on its banking and oil industries due to international sanctions.

Blockchain analytics firm Elliptic said in May that Iran’s Bitcoin production had hit revenues close to $1 billion a year at the countrys then-level of mining.

The former head of the Central Bank of Iran (CBI) Abdonasser Hemmati said in March that authorized farms will need to deposit their mined Bitcoin on exchanges specified by the CBI. Importers can then use Bitcoin as a source of foreign currency to pay for the goods purchased from overseas sellers.

But, despite many efforts to make laws efficient and clear, the regulations have still failed to satisfy mining businesses.

Miners complain that the governments tariff scheme paying the export price for electricity is unreasonable and that it makes mining less attractive in Iran.

Regulations, especially those proposed by the CBI, are unclear and not yet operational, miners say.

So far, the government hasnt created operational infrastructures for this, says Alavi.

 

 

 

 

The government legislation puts forth two options for Bitcoin miners. They say either you can import products under the supervision of the Central Bank and be exempt from taxes or if you want to keep your Bitcoin, you need to pay your taxes even though tax instructions for mining are unclear, too.

Javad, a Tehran-based mining expert, tells Magazine he believes that clear regulations are crucial for the growth of the mining industry in Iran. He requests anonymity due to security concerns in Iran over speaking to foreign media, but he’s a hardware engineer with five years of experience in Irans mining industry.

Mining is very attractive in terms of its revenue in countries like Iran, where income per capita is relatively low and there is a struggle with a high inflation rate, he says,

The role of regulations is utterly important to assure the robustness of the industry and to keep it from slipping into the shadows. If we have regulations that are a win-win for both the government and the businesses, miners would definitely be willing to come out of the shadows. Though, at the moment, the Energy Ministry has a one-sided view of this issue.

He hopes that the government would recognize the potential in the sector for creating jobs and prosperity in Irans ailing economy.

Bitcoin mining could be used by Iran to evade sanctions. But, if we decide to use this potential, we need to accept it completely. It means that Iran should have the required regulations to create domestic mining pools in case international pools decide to block Iranian miners, he says.

If Iran wants to use transactions on Bitcoins network in favor of its national interest, it needs to pay special attention to mining and make certain local rearrangements.

 

 

Tehran
Part of the Tehran city skyline

 

Massive crackdown

Despite the governments newly found use for domestically mined Bitcoin, Irans poor power infrastructures have forced it to seasonally unplug farms that are on its watch.

In late May, authorities banned crypto mining for nearly four months as the country faced major power cuts in many cities.

This led to a drop in revenue for many mining businesses, including that of ViraMiner.

We went into seasonal hibernating for four months, Alavi says laughing. We didnt have much revenue through unauthorized miners either because the government was putting so much pressure on them and they were mostly scared off.

So far, Iranian authorities have seized 221,390 mining devices according to Irans State News Agency IRNA, citing the state-owned Iran Grid Management Company.

 

 

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The report said that the seized miners would have consumed 624.7 megawatts of electricity.

The Energy Ministry says Irans electricity consumption can hit a peak of 66 gigawatts in the summer. This is much higher than the countrys 55-gigawatts power generation capacity.

Meanwhile, according to Irans Blockchain Association, the overall mining consumption could be less than 1 gigawatt. This includes more than 600 megawatts consumed by unauthorized mining alongside more than 300 megawatts related to authorized farms.

Mining accounts for less than 10% of electricity issues and power cuts in Iran, Javad explains.

The Energy Ministry has not been able to increase the number of its power plants. This should have taken place as part of a plan to raise power generation capacity to keep pace with annual growth both in domestic and industrial electricity consumption.

He says that the mining industry has become a scapegoat for poor power infrastructures, as well as mismanagement on the part of the government.

Many private power plants have not been able to undertake maintenance and overhaul operations on their worn-out facilities. This is because their payments have been long overdue, he says, referring to payments due from the state. So, they are not able to operate at full capacity.

Difficult to trace

While authorities have focused on big farms operating at industrial and agricultural facilities, small-scale mining has had much of a chance to evade the governments radars.

Home miners, in particular, are more difficult to trace.

Tehran
Electricity consumption is a big issue in Iran.

Many Iranians have tried, in recent years, to set up one or two mining devices at home to be able to earn extra income at a time of economic hardship and high unemployment.

In 2019, home mining accounted for 2% of total unauthorized mining in Iran, according to Irans Moj News Agency. The number rose to 6% and 12% in 2020 and 2021, respectively.

I used my miner for nearly six months at home, Hoda, a Tehran-based miner, tells Magazine.

The 28-year-old art graduate makes handmade ceramics and pottery for a living.

I dont think the government can trace one or two miners set up at home, she says. Ive been able to mine 0.1 Bitcoin and Im planning to continue.

Mostafa, who has been mining Bitcoin at his apartment in Tehran, says: It is profitable, indeed, because both the value of the equipment and the price of Bitcoin go up over time.

But, it is difficult to do this at home because of the noise and the heat that it gives off. It could really become annoying.

Both interviewees wanted their last names undisclosed due to concerns over the illegal nature of mining in Iran.

Mostafa says that the government would finally need to accept crypto mining and trading as legal businesses.

No matter how much you confront technology, youll lose anyway. The government has to come to terms with crypto. It helps create revenue. Many countries are compensating for some part of their economic difficulties with crypto, he says.

12 million traders

Despite profiting from crypto mining and having sold his mined Bitcoin on Iranian online exchanges, Mostafa expresses concern over lax operations of exchanges in Iran.

One of the exchanges shut down its business a while ago. They stole peoples money. I dont know where its office was, he says.

You cant really trust these exchanges. If you go to their website, few of them have an address or a telephone number.

The number of Iranian online exchanges has risen significantly alongside the growing number of Iranians investing in cryptocurrencies.

A study published in May said that nearly 12 million Iranians, out of a population of 85 million, had invested in crypto. It said 62% of the investors entered six months prior to the study when cryptocurrencies were seeing an increase in value.

Mohsen, an Iranian trading expert, emphasizes the role of the pandemic and the shutting down of many small businesses as reasons for public attention toward investment in cryptocurrencies.

Crypto has been the most accessible market for Iranians as sanctions restrict their access to other international financial markets, he says.

 

 

 

 

Many enter the crypto market during a bull run and get a Wolf of Wall Street kind of impression. But, I think people would not have a good memory of crypto in the end, as they are mostly unaware of the technicalities of trading.

He expresses doubts about the possibility of the government creating effective regulations for trading.

Crypto could be a stepping stone for Irans economy. But, this opportunity will eventually go to waste because our regulating system is flawed, he says.

Much greater potential

My interview with Alavi, ViraMiners CEO, becomes interrupted when he receives a phone call.

The office is now quieter. It takes only a minute before he hangs up, complaining half-jokingly about the conversation that he had on the phone.

In the mining industry, nothing goes based on a plan. Seriously. In the past four to five years, I havent done one single project that was orderly, routine and standard, he says.

The mining sector is always in a rush. The investor wants its rigs immediately turned on and they want the farm to start operating as soon as possible. This is because network difficulty might suddenly see an extreme surge and this could cause a drop in revenue. Your business plan is volatile.

Much capital has, so far, been brought to the mining industry by investors in and outside Iran.

Irans largest farms are run through Chinese investment. They are set up in Free Economic Zones, where companies are offered exemption from taxes and duties.

The biggest farm in Iran, established by Iran and China Investment Development Group, is based in a free zone in the southern Kerman Province. It is a 200-megawatts farm with a 2,000,000 terahash data center and 70,000 ASIC miners, according to the firms website.

A 30-40-megawatts farm set up by the Chinese in Maku FEZ in Irans northwestern region comes next, followed by smaller 4 to 5-megawatts farms, according to Alavi.

 

 

 

 

He estimates that $180 million to $220 million has been invested in authorized mining in Iran, though the potential for investment is much higher if obstacles on the governments end are removed.

Regulations related to the price of power have a few flaws. One of them is that the government set the export price as the price of electricity for mining, which we think is high. The other is the correlation between the price of power and the US dollar to rial rate. The government said in its instructions that, if rials value against the US dollar fluctuates more than 10%, the price of power will change too, he says.

This causes investors to feel uneasy. Due to a continuous increase in the value of the dollar against rial, the price of power has kept rising. Its not a stable factor to include in your calculations as an investor. So, big investors never touch this sector.

Even Bitcoins increasing value could fail in shielding investors from losing profit. Any profit can be cut by a hike in the price of exported electricity due to a decline in the value of the rial.

Whenever crypto prices increase, rial loses value, resulting in a rise in the cost of power. The price of electricity has risen since the beginning of this year. Previously we would give $0.04-0.05 per kilowatt, which has reached $0.07-0.08. This spooks investors, he says.

Despite dissatisfaction about the circumstances that authorized mining is currently struggling with, Alavi says he is optimistic about minings future in Iran.

I dont think Iran will be able to afford the costs of crypto assets going underground. So, it will create proper regulations for them, he says.

 

 

 

 

China Unearths Massive Gold Veins That Could Reshape Global Markets

6 Questions for David Chaum of XX Network

We ask the buidlers in the blockchain and cryptocurrency sector for their thoughts on the industry… and we throw in a few random zingers to keep them on their toes!


 

This week, our 6 Questions go to David Chaum, one of the earliest blockchain researchers and a world-renowned cryptographer and privacy advocate. He is the founder of Elixxir, Praxxis and the XX network, which encompass his decades of research and contributions in the field of cryptography and privacy.

David Chaum is the creator and founder of XX network, the first consumer-scale, quantum-ready online platform that enables value to be communicated and exchanged without revealing so-called metadata. David is a pioneer in cryptography and privacy-preserving technologies, and is widely recognized as the inventor of electronic cash. His work on cryptographic vault systems contains the first proposal for a blockchain protocol, containing all but one element detailed 26 years later in the Bitcoin white paper. Davids company, DigiCash, deployed a breakthrough cryptographic blind-signature protocol in 1995 to create the worlds first anonymous digital currency, eCash.

 


1 What do you think will be the biggest trend in blockchain over the next 12 months?

At the moment, nonfungible tokens seem to be all the rage. But I think in the next 12 months, youll see people finally appreciating what true decentralization is. When people realize they can have a seat at the table, that they can own and participate in the governance of an entity, thats when we will start seeing a lot of innovation and mass adoption in the blockchain sector.

People will start to realize how much VC money has entered this space over the last five years, and come to their senses about these false prophets.

2 What is the single-most innovative use case for blockchain youve ever seen? It may not be the one likeliest to succeed!

The Satoshi Vision the right and ability to participate in economic activity (and upside). Money is tied to incentivizing freedom and democracy by ensuring that political freedoms are never stifled and can be economically supported.

3 What are the top five Crypto Twitter feeds you cant do without, and why?

@Defi_Dad is one of my favorite new feeds Ive recently been put onto. Very insightful. He is a very level-headed, no BS, even-keeled person in this space, which is notoriously filled with shilling machines.

@rogerkver is a visionary who doesnt get enough credit for helping people. He is also a huge reason why we are where we are at on the road to mass adoption.

@snowden is someone who speaks truth to power, every chance he gets. He is not afraid to speak his mind.

@danheld is incisive, doesnt miss a beat. Everyone should be following him brilliant mind.

@laurashin has her finger on the pulse of crypto, she is the Barbara Walters of crypto.

4 List your favorite sports teams, and choose the single-most memorable moment from watching them. If you arent a sports fan, choose a few movies and a moment!

The final chapter of 2001: A Space Odyssey was enough to make me worry about the digital future. I saw it when it came out and it obviously made a big impact.

5 What were you like in high school?

Ummm I spent a lot of time at UCLA. Truth is, I decided to spend time at UCLA rather than going to high school. It was the 60s and we still had the freedom to do things like this.

6 What makes you angry… and what happens when you get mad?

People who dont realize that democracy is not a given. The health of our society is not a given.

It makes me angry that not enough people are worried about the potential bad outcomes that threaten us. This reality we live in where information and media are obviously manipulated, we get so many messed up outcomes that none of us want because our shared common sense gets lost in the shuffle.

A wish for the blockchain community:

Its over. Everything is global and decentralized. The governments, the corporations, theyll have to play catch-up, but its done. We are a global community. The governments think blockchain and crypto are in question theyre not. Its the future. Its now. Its arrived. Its done.

China Unearths Massive Gold Veins That Could Reshape Global Markets

Daft Punk meets CryptoPunks as Novo faces up to NFTs

Just recently, NFT collector CryptoNovo was posing for hundreds of photos, taking meetings with top tech companies and attending scores of invitation-only parties across New York City.

Today, the former-schoolteacher-turned-Metaverse-mascot is raking leaves in his suburban Illinois front yard.

Dude, Novo remarks excitedly as he works, That just happened.

That would be NFT.NYC, the early November conference/gathering/bacchanal that represented a coming-out party of sorts for the nonfungible token community.

While NFT.NYC 2021 was the third event in what will almost certainly become a series of (at least) annual affairs, it represented an explosion in popularity over the 2020 offering. Ticket sales jumped. Additional days were added. NFT.NYC ballooned to a four-day extravaganza at which Quentin Tarantino, Chris Rock and The Strokes, among others, made appearances.

Among the big names, NFT enthusiasts and curious passersby crisscrossing Times Square that week, CryptoNovo stood out. Many NFT initiates knew who he was, and while NFT novices had no idea who he was, they seemed to instinctively understand that even at this event, this guy stood out.

 

 

Crypto Novo
Novo holding a rake outside his home in the Chicago suburbs. Source: John Lacombe (Full disclosure: Novo does not, in fact, typically rake leaves while wearing his mask.)

 

The collection

CryptoNovo holds a collection of NFTs that is currently valued at $4 million. Meebits. Bored Ape Yacht Club. Adam Bomb Squad. World of Women. Many others. And, of course, CryptoPunks.

Novo owns nearly $2.5 million worth of CryptoPunks alone. One of them, however CryptoPunk #3706 stands out from the others.

Not because of its monetary value, but because Novo actually uses it as his face, strapping an LED digital mask to his head that completely covers his actual features.

For Novo, NFT.NYC was yet another leg in what has become the ride of his life.

I had friends come out to New York with me who didnt even have any NFTs, Novo recounts. They figured theyd sleep on pull-out couches in my hotel room and maybe come around with me and see New York. Suddenly, theyre on this million-dollar ride, this Entourage-type situation. Were getting into clubs without paying a dollar. All of the access is based on NFTs in my collection.

Were rubbing shoulders with famous and semi-famous people who love us for the stake of value that we put into the community. When it was finally time to take off the mask and get on the plane home, it was weird.

We may live in a world in which Elon Musk named his child X A-Xii, but CryptoNovo is not, in fact, Novos real name. What began as an online handle has evolved into, well, a full-blown persona.

The story behind that persona begins with Novos journey to the world of NFTs, which he considers to be a typical one.

It goes back to toys for me. When I was a kid, I didnt get toys all the time. Birthdays, holidays that was it. For me, toys were something to keep track of and protect. As I got older, that evolved into collectibles.

 

 

Collage of photos from NFT.NYC. Source: Twitter

 

 

The collector

Novo collected rare comics, unopened Star Wars Lego sets and everything in between. Like many collectors, he viewed the emergence of cryptocurrency with less skepticism than most: Here was something that, in addition to its intrinsic value, could be valued, bought and sold the same way a baseball card could be. One day, during a cryptocurrency conversation in 2019, a co-worker mentioned NFTs. That was all it took to get Novo hooked. I realized that we were looking at a new frontier, not just of currency but of collectibles.

Novo threw himself into the NFT space with fervor, becoming a fixture on NFT Discord and surrounding himself with, as he puts it, the smartest people in the space. Noted ground-floor NFT collector Tony Herrera taught Novo NFT basics such as getting a MetaMask wallet, transferring ETH into it, getting an ENS name, and actually buying NFTs and posting them for sale. Novo met NFT creators such as the influential artist and collector Pranksy. Novo asked questions, took notes, and offered help and input whenever he felt that he could.

Eventually, Novo arrived at the moment that he is perhaps most well-known for in the NFT world: his rags-to-riches purchase of an NFT known as the Pranksy Hoodie.

novo punks
Novos collection of CryptoPunks. Source: OpenSea

I was a teacher, Novo begins. I didnt have money to be dumping into NFTs left and right. I set aside one paycheck to invest, and I couldnt really go over that. I couldnt afford an Alien, an Ape or a Zombie [three of the most elite, rare CryptoPunks], I couldnt afford a Beanie, etc. So, I started looking at another class [of CryptoPunks]: the Hoodie. There were more of that class, but they were statistically still pretty rare. But I wasnt interested because of that. Art is in the eye of the beholder, and I liked the Hoodies.

What I have been building since the beginning, Novo continues, is friends. I contacted Pranksy directly. I offered him 1.24 Ethereum for a Hoodie he owned. He countered with a slightly higher amount. I basically had to come back and say, Look…1.24 is literally all I can afford. He was able to see my wallet on the public blockchain and know that I was telling the truth.

This was not, Novo stresses, a good deal for Pranksy but Pranksy agreed to the sale, largely because of what Novo believes to be Pranksys faith in Novos desire to promote the NFT movement itself. It was almost, Novo says, as if he was buying the NFT not just with 1.24 ETH but with himself.

In any case, the transaction was made. The cost to Novo equated to roughly $400 at the time.

 

 

 

 

Savings and wise investments

Then, I held on to it. I watched it become a primer and primer asset. It was known as The Albino Hoodie. It had a certain look. People wanted it. Honestly, I wasnt as focused on that. Im busy trying to do right by Pranksy, for believing in me. I ended up helping him give away 150 CryptoPunks in a raffle that turned into a major event for him in terms of publicity and just for all of us in terms of growing NFTs.

 

 

mic drop
Novo drops the mic at the end of the talk he gave at NFT.NYC 2021 after stating, Im CryptoNovo! Im here to help! Peace! Stay positive, and love life! Source: Twitter

 

 

As Novo interacted with more and more digital artists, his view of NFTs transformed. Initially, he had thought of NFTs as assets the right Bored Ape avatar could become his equivalent of a Mickey Mantle rookie card. Today, though, his explanation of NFTs starts not with collectors but with creators.

Think about just how many times the poop emoji has been used since it was created. Someone made that emoji, the same way someone makes any piece of art. But who has made the real money off of that emoji? Big corporations? Was the person who created that simple piece of art the one who profited?

He cites elements in video games that make hundreds of millions of dollars and points out that famed NFT creator Rare Diamond Hands works at a massive game company as a digital-hand designer for first-person shooters. Novo believes Rare Diamond Hands is probably not being properly compensated for his skills at his job, but he now creates NFT images of hands holding diamonds a nod to the Metaverses respect for diamond-handed collectors who never sell their NFTs.

Anyone who purchases one of those images knows that they have exclusive rights to a hand designed by one of the elite video game artists. The point, Novo emphasizes, is that regardless of what someone is willing to pay for a Rare Diamond Hand or a Bored Ape, that money is money that the artist who created the NFT deserves. For Novo, NFTs represent opportunities for creators, for collectors, for businesses, for everyone.

 

 

Daft Punk meets CryptoPunks as Novo faces up to NFTs
Novo has a great face for NFTs.

 

Mindset of a cheerleader

This mindset had crystallized for Novo by mid-2020, and it changed his life. He became one of the biggest cheerleaders in the NFT space. He hosted online video interviews with NFT creators using Restream. He tweeted constantly about every piece of NFT news. He offered help and information to every new acolyte in the Metaverse, even dubbing his own specific corner of that world the Novoverse.

Its been a grind. Ive been producing content in some capacity every single day for over a year. Can I introduce this person to this person, knowing that they have a common understanding and can accomplish something bigger together?

Novo cant resist using the kind of on-the-nose reference that one might expect from an NFT loyalist: Can I open the door for more Neos in this Matrix?

In The Matrix, Neos mentor, Morpheus, is known for his iconic sunglasses.

In the land of NFTs, Novo has his mask.

For as long as he has been a figure in the NFT world, Novo has been using digital photos and AR filters augmented reality images that superimpose over real-life video to replace his actual human face with a projection of CryptoPunk #3706.

As Novo became more and more involved in the NFT community, in-person interactions both business and personal became a reality. Novos response was to bring part of the Metaverse into reality. He purchased a face-worn digital mask that could display CryptoPunk #3706. He had a friends mom knit him a hat identical to the one worn by his avatar. He bought a suit that would look very much at home on a 1960s Batman villain.

 

 

Live stream
One of Novos Restream live shows with digital artists and NFT creators. Source: Twitter

 

 

Suddenly, a physical education teacher from Illinois effectively became a Daft Punk robot for the NFT space.

New York

In New York, Novo was constantly approached by excited friends My Aliens, Apes and Zombies, as Novo calls them who had only interacted with him online. A New York Times reporter interviewed him for 45 minutes (though he was cited in the resulting article simply as the owner of CryptoPunk #3706.) Novo gave a raucous speech at an NFT.NYC town hall that ended with him dropping the mic and high-fiving his way out through the crowd toward the exit.

Everyone wanted a photo. Whether they knew him as CryptoNovo or simply as that goofy-looking robot-man on the sidewalk, New Yorkers seemed to see Novo as a piece of the event. A banner, a mascot, an indicator: Something different is happening here. All of this was fine with Novo, though he does worry about anything that could contribute to negative stereotypes of either the event or the NFT movement itself,including a simplistic robot mascot.

 

 

 

 

On one hand, Novo offers, Any kind of discussion is going to onboard more people, and having a discussion negative or positive will drive conversation and allow people to come to their own conclusions. Ninety-eight percent of the people who read an article about NFTs have no clue what an NFT is. If my glass is always half full, their glass is empty. I want to fill it. So, Im always happy people are talking.

On the other hand, Novo explains, he chafes at two conceptions: that the NFT movement is composed of a bunch of crypto bros and that it is about making a quick buck.

When I showed up in New York for NFT.NYC, I had hundreds of people I was expecting to interact with who Id never seen before. Maybe I had tweeted with them, or had them on my Restream show where they had an AR filter on.

Honestly, I was stunned by the diversity. Im posing for all of these pictures, and its such a mix of gender, of ages, of cultures. And Im realizing, This community is everyone now, and everyone is bringing their unique aspect to it.

Crypto millionaire

The second conception is a little more tricky for Novo to tackle. After all, he is near the head of the line of NFT early adopters who have made real money.

One day, someone contacted Novo on Discord, asking if hed be willing to sell the Pranksy Hoodie. Novo keeps the buyer anonymous, but not the offer: 350 Ether.

Both NFTs and cryptocurrency had recently skyrocketed in value.

Novo was being offered the equivalent of $1.07 million for his Hoodie.

I had already realized I was going to have to sell some of my NFTs just to cover taxes, Novo admits. And, um… thats a lot of money there. He made the sale.

Heres what I dont like, Novo quickly continues. Any time I tell this story to anyone who isnt already in on NFTs, at this point I feel like Im damned if I do, damned if I dont.

 

 

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Novo is referring to what he did, or rather, what he didnt do with his million-dollar windfall in cryptocurrency. He didnt cash out not most of it, anyway. He almost immediately reinvested in another Hoodie of lesser value that he felt he could get at a bargain price.

So, lets think about this, Novo levels. If I put my money back into our community because I see value, but mainly because I believe in the power of this movement, then Im an idiot because this is all a big bubble that is going to collapse, according to people who arent actually a part of this. But if I do cash out, then Im just another bro whos only in it for the money. Im going to be stereotyped either way.

I just have to believe, Novo finishes. Stories like this are going to make more people really see whats going on, and those people are going to get it, and thats going to grow our community.

Explaining whats going on, by the way, is now effectively Novos full-time job.

Earlier this year, Novo finally reached a crossroads. He had received offers to work full-time in the NFT space, and he sat down with his wife to discuss a career change. Fortunately, his wife an advertising executive believes in the power of NFTs as a new force in both technology and the marketplace. She encouraged him to make the switch.

Today, Novo is, for lack of a better term, an ideas man.

Its calls, he laughs. Lots and lots of calls but fun calls!

The business of NFTs

NFTs, Novo explains, are a space that the business world wants in on but doesnt fully understand. Novo often helps businesses find pathways to meaningful NFT involvement. One day, he might be connecting a blue-blood corporation with a promising digital artist. Another day, he might help a major hotel chain understand just what is possible in terms of a Metaverse-themed resort.

Novo believes that anyone from a major corporation to a struggling artist who treats NFTs not as a novelty but as a vehicle to truly add something to the NFT community will be rewarded with brand loyalty. Some producers or collectors will strike it rich, but the space itself will be transformational an entirely new landscape in which all people can interact, gather and, yes, profit.

 

 

Party
Novo at a party during NFT.NYC. Source: Twitter

 

 

This, of course, is the kind of rose-colored premonition you might expect from someone who regularly sits in boardrooms while wearing an NFT on his face.

Yeah, Novo admits. Im a true believer. But I dont think its just me. I think the evidence is right there for anyone who actually looks.

Novo mentions a podcast he listened to recently. The same reporter who interviewed me at NFT.NYC was on it. He said that NFT.NYC was celebrities, scene people, hackers, artists, venture capitalists, libertarians and more, all mixing together. He said it was really weird. Sorry, but that doesnt sound like weird to me.

That sounds, Novo opines with typical optimism, like everyone.

 

 

 

 

China Unearths Massive Gold Veins That Could Reshape Global Markets

6 Questions for Jane Thomason of Kasei Holdings

We ask the buidlers in the blockchain and cryptocurrency sector for their thoughts on the industry… and we throw in a few random zingers to keep them on their toes!


 

This week, our 6 Questions go to Jane Thomason, an entrepreneur and thought leader in technological innovation, fintech and blockchain for social impact. She is also the founder of Supernova Data, co-founder of the British Blockchain and Frontier Technologies Association, and chairperson of Kasei Holdings, an investment company specializing in the digital asset ecosystem.

I have always believed we can change the world! For most of my life, I tried that in an analog way. In 2016, I discovered blockchain, and I realized it was a game-changing technology for social impact. I needed to be part of making that happen, so I left my day job and stepped into the blockchain world. Every day, I am excited by the innovations that are already changing lives, especially in emerging economies. I try to be the bridge between the old world and the future. We are at a unique moment in history when we really can reshape things and create a fairer, more equitable and inclusive world.

 


1 What is the main hurdle to the mass adoption of blockchain technology?

A lack of understanding in the wider community and the poor reputation of crypto, coupled with resistance from legacy players. In 2018, I predicted gaming would be the path to widespread adoption, and we are indeed seeing that. The more use cases are built where people can see the practical benefits, the stronger adoption will be. In that light, the COVID-19 pandemic has been an accelerant, as we have seen blockchain used in the secure transfer of health data, supply chain provenance, payments, remittances and cross-border transfers. This builds credibility and will drive wider adoption.

2 What do you think will be the biggest trend in blockchain for the next 12 months?

I want to say social impact and gaming, but I would be kidding myself. Right now, people are reaping huge rewards through decentralized finance, nonfungible tokens and GameFi. We will see that continue to accelerate. In addition, we will see continued growth in institutional investment and the proliferation of regulated blockchain securities funds and exchange-traded funds (ETFs).

3 Whats a problem you think blockchain has a chance to solve but hasnt been attempted yet?

Can blockchain technologies support the activities required for the sustainable management of the global commons, through systems of governance, transparent decision-making, smart contracts, and decentralized mechanisms and incentives for collaboration, cooperation, consensus and trust?

Blockchain has the potential to connect a global decentralized community around a common purpose. Using tokenomics, blockchain is able to create a new digital economy using behavioral economics and game theory to incentivize and disincentive distributed community behavior and action. Tokens can unite and economically align people around a common purpose. Blockchains are fundamentally a way to create economies. The ability to create new tokens and to distribute and allocate these tokens according to economic incentives will lead to the creation of new economies.

Can we see these distributed token economies emerge around global commons issues like climate, preservation of forests and oceans, public health, and gender equality where we can all contribute, participate and benefit?

Social impact and global commons issues require a greater level of cooperation and collaboration than usual, among ecosystems that dont normally collaborate or converge. We need immediate collaboration to pave the way for digital transformation collaboration to help build and shape the technology, collaboration in engaging and educating governments and regulators, collaboration in building the talent pool for the future digital economy, and collaboration in developing a new global economic system that is human-centered, preserves the planet, and is fairer and more equitable for all.

4 What would you like to see tokenized? When, if ever, do you expect this to happen?

Investing in women! I would like to see the female economy tokenized and to incentivize investment in women-led startups and businesses focused on products for women, creating an opportunity to economically empower women and drive social impact. Women drive the world economy, and women control $20 trillion in consumer spending, growing to $28 trillion in the next five years. While data exists on female entrepreneurs, gender equality, employment and leadership, the data is fragmented and static. I would like to see the worlds first token economy to democratize investment in and empowerment of women and that uses data analytics to predict and track growth in the female economy globally.

The global focus on growing the female economy is accelerating as a result of the impact of the pandemic on womens livelihoods. A blockchain token economy has the potential to transform the way that womens businesses are funded and measured, and to accelerate investment and growth. This would also help to unlock the deal flow for women entrepreneurs in the early stages. Both investors and investees will be able to track and measure outcomes such as capital flows and returns, enterprise segmentation, and impact monetization access analysis to contribute to global research, and track and measure impact. We can incentivize investors with even a small amount of capital to support the increased participation of women in the economy.

With over a trillion dollars in assets under management, a less than 0.5% commitment to women would still equal more than $5 billion dollars. Only a small increase can mean massive change can be made blockchain gives us an actionable path forward.

 

5 Which alternate movie universe would you most like to live in, and why?

Is there a Bollywood one that I can join? I love all the fabulous costumes and dancing and exotic scenes. Let me know when the Bollyverse opens, and I will be there in a flash in my best frock!

 

6 Close your eyes and think of a happy place. What do you see?

For me, a happy place is with the people I love. I can be anywhere in the world, but if I am with my son, daughter and granddaughter and any of my very large adopted extended family around the world, that is a happy place!

A wish for the blockchain community:

You are building the future. Therefore, build us the kind of world we would all like to live in.

China Unearths Massive Gold Veins That Could Reshape Global Markets

NFT clone Punks: Right or wrong?

“Can someone explain to me why NFT clones are selling for so much? asked Redditor LittleDoofus a couple of months ago.

NFT clones cash in on successful NFT collections by releasing similar or even identical copies of the art under similar sounding brands. LittleDoofus wanted to know how we have suddenly ascribed so much value to NFTs, let alone mere copies of celebrated NFT artworks?

LittleDoofus post continued:

Ok so I kinda understand how someone might see the CryptoPunks or Ether Rocks projects as valuable digital collectibles, but whats going on with the craze over the clone projects? I see so many lazy CryptoPunks clone projects (no affiliation to Larva Labs) with no-name artists behind them selling for a lot.. why? Is it just scammers trying to scam each other?

It’s a good question: Where do NFT clones fit in open-source crypto culture? I decided to ask long-time crypto developers and the clone creators themselves for their thoughts.

First, by “clones” Im referring to exact copies of well known projects: Think of CryptoPhunks, which simply flipped the images and literally mirrored the original iconic NFT CryptoPunks series that now sells for millions a piece. CryptoPhunks sell for a little less than an Ether.

Clones also exist across different blockchains. SolPunks, for example, was built on the Solana blockchain and is in no way affiliated with Larva Labs and/or CryptoPunks built on Ethereum. But, the punks look the same.

 

 

CryptoPhunks
CryptoPhunks did the bare minimum possible to distinguish themselves from the originals. (Source: Twitter)

 

 

There are also NFT derivatives that cash in on the popularity of a well known brand by using a similar punk or ape name. These clones are copycats, imposters, tributes, spinoffs, or rent seekers, depending on who you ask. CryptoFUNKS took the name and applied it to hand-drawn stick figures for example.

Recreation and remixing also intersect with the open source ethos of crypto. Create stuff, open it up and encourage others to build on your efforts. SushiSwap began as a clone of Uniswaps code and then forged its own path.

Crypto venture and community builder Daniel Bar points to the current boom in generative art as an example of copying stuff that’s popular.

Its a bit like ICOs in 2017, mimicking grows like wildflowers, he says. But it does help the industry learn and develop.

He concedes that clone NFT projects might attract some money that would otherwise go to the original.

The people who buy the clones could have bought the real ones so, arguably, they may be devalued, say if one less bidder bids, he says. But, the real ones have actual perks that the fakes dont so its like buying a fake Rolex. The Bored Apes Yacht Club (BAYC) included access to exclusive parties. CryptoPunks were used as tickets to a free NFT Meebit drop. That cant be cloned.

Crypto communities are also complex, ideological and multi-faceted. And while the unique strength of blockchain is authenticating stuff to enable trust between partners there is, of course, much speculative spending on digital assets in the current bull market, informed by memes and counter-culture. Valuable clones do make sense in this context.

But, lets start at the beginning. What the funk/phunk is a nonfungible token, or NFT? This definition frames the whole conversation about the emergence of NFT clones and why people buy them.

 

 

CryptoFunks
CryptoFunks on the other hand are derivatives that trade off the original while doing something different. (Source: OpenSea)

 

 

Emerging digital property rights

As everyone knows, 2021 is the year of the NFT. Literally, as NFT is Collins Dictionarys word of the year. Everyone from Canadian ice hockey deity Wayne Gretzky to brands such as Marvel comics have launched their own collections.

The potential collectible angle for original projects is clear, but for clones of a popular NFT series, its more uncertain. We do know that clone projects have value and rake in funds, (even if not at the level of their originals). Interestingly, almost nobody is being sold a fake believing it is the real thing.

Nonfungible means that the item is unique and cant be copied. Every NFT is a unique token, and while it’s easy to copy the related image, the creators wallet address cannot be faked, and minting is a direct line of provenance. Minting an NFT registers a particular user as its creator and the first owner of that NFT token.

(As an aside, hackers may be able toclone an NFT known as sleepminting, essentially changing the chain of ownership. The developers I spoke with werent sure this was actually possible though.)

So, an NFT is basically a form of notary service, a tokenized tool for provenance, establishing and certifying the creators wallet address. They can help artists, musicians and others prove they created something.

Michael Kong, CEO of Fantom Foundation, says NFTs show the full audit trail, level of authenticity attached to each unique token that you can see previous ownership people ascribe great value to that.

It means much more than copied images of pixelated punks. The possibilities for immutable provenance wrapped in an NFT are just starting to be explored. NFTs can wrap any data securely. Thats why true open source believers are keen to see progress in developing the space.

 

 

 

 

Open source revolution driving high prices, even for Clones

CryptoFUNKS and Sad Frogs District are two notable examples of copyright claims leading to copyright claim takedowns of cloned projects. The most well-known NFT marketplace Open Sea’s de-listing of NFT clone CryptoFUNKS in October ironically probably only increased its popularity. OpenSea had received a takedown notice from Larva Labs requesting the delisting due to copyright infringements. It was a similar story with PolygonPunks in August, though they reappeared in September.

In August, OpenSea also announced the delisting of the 7,000 minted images of the Pepe the Frog in Sad Frogs District on its Discord channel for copyright infringements filed by the characters creator, Matt Furie. This angered the community who had already invested$4 million in the project and was worried it would potentially leave the NFTs worthless.

Bokky PooBah is a well-known open-source advocate in the crypto world. A Sydney-based Malaysian, he fell in love with the tech and its ideological underpinnings and has offered free blockchain coding lessons for years. His coding academy has no corporate support and no sponsorships. He joined crypto to build and continues to recruit people to build experimental things. PooBah is cited on the bottom of the CryptoPunks website as a resource for their project.

The de-listing of CryptoPhunks had a Streisand Effect, making it more popular, according to PooBah. The phrase refers to when famed singer Barbara Streisand tried to suppress information relating to her Malibu home but simply promoted massive interest in it. PooBah himself then had to buy a CryptoFUNK on principle. Restrictive licensing hinders the community, bemoans PooBah.

He explains that NFTs are super powerful” and is building a decentralized NFT exchange where NFT creators can ask for ongoing royalties entries in a ledger.

Forked it?

One theory about NFT knock offs is that they are equivalent to forks of an OS or blockchain that, in fact, increases the value and credibility of the original collection. This view suggests clones are actually driving NFT prices higher.

After all, as the right-click save brigade points out, copies abound with NFTs. These types argue that NFTs are worthless because they can be replicated with a screenshot. But, PooBah argues passionately that they are missing the point.

In the end, for time immoral, the ownership is strong and thats the key point. Ownership is done on a blockchain, it doesnt matter if people will copy any images anyway, he says.

For PooBah, the highest earning artist Beeple is boring … in terms of technology use. Its tech progress that excites him. Imaginative code is the art.

 

 

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Kong agrees, pointing out that right, click and save arguments are true for all artworks. But it is not actually the same. Value is subjective, the value is in the eye of the holder, such as perceived rarity.

He says it’s totally expected, its easy to save a file and produce another NFT but the argument makes more sense the other way around: Copyright can be easily infringed, but with NFTs, it is actually easier to see who created the artwork.

PooBah believes that the licensing of images could be more permissive” and he argues that open licensing trains more people by creating learning tools so that anyone can go to source code and refer to it to build something. He is philosophical about clone NFT projects, citing the benefits of adoption and learning. This is always the party line for the decentralized devotees.

Clone punk creators

The creators all have their own stories. David Lawrence is a 29 year-old Orlando-based photographer who started a project called Punk Portraits. While it cashes in on the CryptoPunk phenomenon, clearly has its own style.

Punk Portrait #143
Punk Portrait #143 (OpenSea)

Punk Portraits are CryptoPunks in the flesh. Its 1000 different real life ‘Punks’ with the same traits but embodied by real people, he explains. My goal with portrait photography is to create images that represent ones truest self.

Its hard to judge someone truly believing in their art while also cashing in on the Punk name. He has been a photographer for over ten years. Punk Portraits was his first foray into both the NFT and fictional (art) world.

For Lawrence, Punk Portraits are, of course, not a clone, but a derivative.

CryptoPunks set the gold standard for what I believe an NFT collection to be. Its simple, yet unique and each piece can stand on its own Its the Rolex of NFTs.

He says his work is like a homage to a favorite piece of art.

We wanted the same detail and allure, but then to imagine what it would be like if the punks were more than just pixels. What if they came and took on a real life persona? PooBah bought one, of course, in protest to Larva Labs image IP restrictions. To date, there have been no IP infringements raised against Punk Portraits.

 

 

While using the Punk theme, Lawrence clearly has his own style (Source: OpenSea)

 

Clayton Dixon is the New Zealand-based creator of Fast Food Punks, which leaps from the original CryptoPunks to a familiar McDonalds themed band of misfits. One collection also raised $574,000 for the Ronald McDonald House in the U.S., a charity for sick kids.

ETH also went up at the time, so it amounted to about $700 thousand for charity.

Theres a genius to his creations, along with some luck. Bitcoin crashed in May 2021. So memes of holders of Bitcoin having to go back to McDonald’s to work went viral… which made it a popular series, he says fortuitously. I was making them by hand. I had no idea what I was doing and then uploaded them to OpenSea. They were selling instantly.”

Another punk clone creator, Berk zdemir, is the Turkish artist of Bastard Gan Punks, and he likes to use the music metaphor of remixing.

A remix recontextualizes the idea or a notion and gives it a new meaning. The original still stays where they are. Derivatives are built on top of it, sometimes as a variation or sometimes as a protest. Every artifact has marks of their predecessors.

He was a fan of CryptoPunks but couldnt afford them so I thought I could make some for myself. His creations turned out pretty ugly (but awesome) looking and this gave me the idea of being a bastard, a new generation born from cool looking, elite parents. I started being goofy and created a persona concept around them with silly descriptions.

He was stunned with the attention it received, and the community built around the project. After seven months, he left the governance of the project and brand to the BASTARD DAO. But, I still enjoy creating new lore for it and making derivative works and encourage people to create.

Longevity, he argues: depends on what the intention behind the ‘clone’ is and the end product. If a clone has no message or a solid standing point, they usually are phony cash grabs. The market is oversaturated by projects wanting to sell out with copy and paste ideas without having any visions or plans.

 

 

They do look familiar (Source: Bastard Gang Punks, OpenSea) https://opensea.io/collection/bastard-gan-punks-v2)

 

NFT community culture has a sinister side too

Communities built on Discord groups are important for NFT projects. Carefully curated plot lines are crafted so the NFTs didnt just emerge out of nowhere. Discord groups operate for the crypto native fans of an artists, drop in ones. There are certainly some very obsessive or perhaps devoted people waiting for news of new art or a possible airdrop.

Internet meme culture is a key driver of interest for NFTs. Humor is important to the world of clones… take the Dolly the NFT clone sheep clone, named after the famous Scottish sheep clone first cloned in 1996. And a limited series of Kimmie NFTs depicting North Korean leader Kim Jong-Un in various forms of dress, which also comes with a leadership title to use in Kimdom.

The Kimmies
The Kimmies NFTs (Source: Twitter)

But, as with anything that engenders high passion, these debates can turn sour. Ex-Google employee Chunke Monke says he was the subject of threats from supporters of a certain NFT release after he began publishing articles that are critical of what he calls trademark trolls and their attempts to trademark their NFTs. The trademark trolls allegedly attacked his own satirical NFT release. In his view, these are actors stifle innovation through excessive IP protection.

Chunke Monke is now a vocal critic of big tech. He stumbled his way into crypto and NFTs after his last startup failed and he found Web 3.0 particularly alluring. According to Chunke Monke, a clone NFT trademarking their clone NFT is an affront to open source innovation and derivative creative possibilities, but the doxing of his true identity scared him. Such is the extreme passion in this space.

Chunke Monke bemoans this aggressive culture among some clone projects.

I’ve seen many Clone NFTs Discords. They are not fun. There’s no love or adoration for the art or the story because its all hollow. Theres no meaning and no durable community.

But, parody NFTs can retain a lot of value, maybe more than the original, if they have a certain sense of good humor, he says.

Prices symbolize the revolution?

In street art culture which also offers a huge spectrum of angry teenager tags to serious political statements painting over others work is part of the rules. It always seemed to me that Banksys huge prices at the auction distorted the roots of a protest movement born on the trains of Phillie in the 1970s. In fact, throughout art history, students were taught by copying the works of their masters.

For those in the art world selling T-shirts and mugs and aprons with reproductions of their work was once sacrilege for serious artists. Is that analogous to clone NFTs of art?

Like the TradArt or traditional art, its not winner takes all. There are many competitors and much space for many winners and losers. NFTS will be here as long as the blockchains last, says PooBah. The copyright arguments are there but going against clones is against open source a little.

So why do copycat clones attract such high prices? Pure speculation, says Web 3.0 developer Kong, buying clones in the hope someone else will sell it for a greater amount. The pandemic also shows how many people can make money out of thin air, notes PooBah.

Moderating these predictions, Chunke Monke notes why these valuations are hard. The truth is there are no right answers in NFT investing, but there are a lot of wrong answers. Valuing based on comparables (Clone Punk should be X percentage value of CryptoPunk) like in traditional finance, makes no sense.

For the record, in street art culture, tagging a scribbled signature on a detailed major piece was always sacrilegious.

For zdemir, the NFT clone creator, these are the rules :

I strongly encourage people to steal my art and create things with them. I think the world needs more fun and ideas.

 

 

 

 

China Unearths Massive Gold Veins That Could Reshape Global Markets

Crypto City: Guide to Austin

This Crypto City guide looks at Austins crypto culture, the citys most notable projects and people, its financial infrastructure, which retailers accept crypto and where you can find blockchain education courses and there are even the juicy details of a famous controversy. Everything is bigger in Texas, including its enthusiasm for crypto.

 

Fast facts

City: Austin

Country: United States

Population: 974,000

Founded: 1839

Language: English

 

The capital of the largest state in the contiguous United States, Austin is known as a live music mecca, with festivals drawing in thousands of people from around the world each year, including Austin City Limits and South by Southwest. The Texas city is a unique blend of liberal and conservative values, yet in many ways, it still operates under the old motto keep Austin weird, with the University of Texas at Austin home to a diverse student body and the popular Texas Longhorns football team.

Long before becoming a hub of major tech companies earning it the nickname Silicon Hills Austin drew settlers from Mexico and the United States around the time Texas became an independent nation in 1836. Texas has stood under three flags with Austin as its capital: the Republic of Texas, the Confederacy and the United States of America. Though the city was largely centered around the capitol building completed in 1888, it later became known to many as a college town. For some years, the University of Texas at Austin was the largest university in the country by enrollment.

Austin and the surrounding area have also been the shooting location for a number of famous films, including Death Proof from director Quentin Tarantino, Dazed and Confused Matthew McConaugheys first movie role and many others. Though the city once drew, and still does draw, many starving artists pursuing their passions, interest from major corporations and their wealthy executives has begun to drive many natives and newbies alike out of the area due to rising rent and housing prices.

As the population of Austin grows, gentrification and commuting times remain a large problem for many residents. The main highway, Interstate 35 which separates the downtown area from the freshly redeveloped East Austin seems inadequately designed to accommodate the rising number of Austinites, with some traveling up to 30 miles between their homes and offices. The city faces challenges including a lack of publicly provided infrastructure for its homeless population, the way Austins land can be used, and other issues endemic to the rest of the United States.

 

 

Austin skyline. (Source: Pexels)

 

 

Crypto culture

Many Texans have a dont tread on me approach to local, state and federal governments telling them how to handle their business, their money and their personal life, despite the state showing only a lone star on its flag rather than a snake. In some ways, Austin residents response to digital assets since 2011 has been representative of this mindset, with many jumping into the crypto space more as an alternative to central banking rather than a fad from the tech industry.

According to Paul Snow, a self-described technologist who runs the Bitcoin and Cryptocurrency Meetup group in Austin and organizes the Texas Bitcoin Conference, the Texans who attend gatherings most consistently seem to be concerned about the state of the nation, and the state of banking and finance. Snow says the group doesnt focus on the latest project getting pumped and dumped, with many holding Bitcoin, Ether and SOL, although some are also advocates of Dogecoin and Shiba Inu.

[Our discussion] is basically a real broad analysis of every issue that is either in the crypto space or heavily within the context of the crypto space. Because the crypto space is largely a challenge to central banks, at least in a lot of peoples minds, then anything that happens in banking and finance is interesting to us.

Snow arrived in Austin in 2000 and started the Meetup groups in 2013, long before the U.S. government and Texas regulators turned their attention to crypto firms operating in the city. In mid-2021, the Texas State Securities Board filed for hearings against crypto lending firm BlockFi in addition to Celsius Network for allegedly offering unlicensed securities. However, lawmakers in the state also passed legislation the same year recognizing cryptocurrencies under commercial law.

Crypto also has a supporter in the form of Texas Governor Greg Abbott, who has hinted on social media that he wants the state to follow Wyomings example in passing more crypto-friendly legislation. When Texas supermarket chain H-E-B announced in June 2021 that it would be installing crypto ATMs, Abbott tweeted his approval, saying, Texas will be the crypto leader. Senator Ted Cruz has also recently come out as a vocal crypto proponent.

 

 

 

 

Austin has previously hosted the SXSW Crypto Summit, Digital Assets and Securities Conference, Texas Blockchain Summit, Texas Bitcoin Conferenceand Bear Arms N Bitcoin trade show. The city is also expected to be the home of the major crypto-and blockchain-focused Consensus conference in June 2022.

 

 

Texas State Capitol building in Austin. Source: Pexels

 

 

Projects and companies

Before cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology existed, Austin and the surrounding area had the conditions to make it ripe for opportunity for the right tech firms. Computer manufacturerDell is located in nearby Round Rock, and in October, Elon Musk announced he would be moving car manufacturer Teslas headquarters close to the citys international airport. Major tech companies including Facebook, Google, IBM, Oracleand Hewlett Packard also have regional offices in Austin.

There are just so many different levels where crypto ought to be adopted and I think that the municipalities that jump on early are going to do so much better than those that drag their feet, says Snow.

I dont know if I have a lot of hope for that at a governmental level, but at a personnel level and development team level, I think Austin is pretty exciting and theyll do well.

Once officials in China began cracking down on Bitcoin miners, many firms relocated to Texas for its cheap electricity and seemingly crypto friendly regulations. Austin is home to crypto mining firm Blockcap, but other mining companies, including Riot Blockchain and Bitdeer Group an offshoot of Bitmain have set up shop in nearby Rockdale. Layer1 Technologies and Argo Blockchain also built mining facilities in West Texas.

Though many crypto exchanges and companies offering financial products potentially falling under the regulatory umbrella of the Securities and Exchange Commission or the Commodity Futures Trading Commission have headquarters in the United States, the city of Austin itself seems to attract more startups dealing with security and blockchain technology than with buying and trading tokens. Companies such as Pinata, Titanand Talos have employees based in the city, while Inveniam, Factom, Multicoin Capital, Horizen Labsand others have local offices.

 

 

 

 

Financial infrastructure

In February 2014, the first Robocoin Bitcoin ATM in Austin was installed at HandleBar, a bar located downtown. The launch of the machine was one of the first in the United States and preceded companies like Coinsource and Bitcoin Depot placing crypto ATMs in a variety of locations around the capital city in addition to the gradual acceptance ofcrypto payments for goods and services.

 

 

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Where can I spend crypto?

Though credit cards, Apple Pay and cash payments are still largely king in the United States, there are many businesses around Austin that accept BTC, including restaurants, grocery stores and photography studios. The supermarket chain H-E-Bs locations in Austin do not host crypto ATMs or accept payments in Bitcoin or Ether yet, but according to Coinmap, there are roughly 90 retail outlets in the area that do accept digital assets.

 

 

 

 

In Austin, Starbucks, Home Depot, Whole Foods and others accept crypto payments through third-party apps. Aside from the major retail chain stores, a few restaurants in the downtown area and Rainey Street Historic District, including Mai Thai, allow Austinites to pay for their food using crypto. However, many of these businesses have shuttered in the last year, likely due to the pandemic.

Like Miami and New York City, Austin currently has its own CityCoin built on Stacks, an open-source network of decentralized applications and smart contracts that use the Bitcoin blockchain as a programmable base layer. The initiative from CityCoins has received public support from both the mayors of Miami and NYC for their respective tokens, but Austin Mayor Steve Adler has not yet endorsed a digital coin for the Texas capital city.

 

 

 

 

Education

The University of Texas at Austin currently offers courses on blockchain through the McCombs School of Business and on the use of technology in a decentralized economy through its School of Information. Students at both UT Austin and St. Edwards University had active cryptocurrency clubs prior to the pandemic, and Austin Community College partnered with IBM in 2019 as part of an apprenticeship program aimed at training students considering careers in blockchain and more. However, likely because so many crypto and blockchain firms have found a home in Texas, there are also additional classes hosted by private companies from time to time.

 

 

The University of Texas at Austin football game. Source: Pexels

Controversies and collapses

Austin was once the home of Ross Ulbricht, creator of the infamous darknet marketplace Silk Road. Operating under the pseudonym Dread Pirate Roberts an homage to the movie The Princess Bride Ulbricht started developing the site in 2010 after returning to Austin following his graduation from Penn State. He avoided the authorities until his arrest in San Francisco in 2013.

Silk Road allowed users to buy and sell illicit goods such as weapons and stolen credit card information, but many of the listings were for illegal drugs, all of which drew the attention of the FBI. Since his arrest and conviction, Ulbricht is currently serving two life sentences without the possibility of parole. He was found guilty of money laundering, computer hacking and conspiracy to traffic narcotics, but he still provides periodic analyses on the crypto market from prison.

Notable figures in Austin and former residents

Tesla CEO and Dogecoin proponent Elon Musk; Jimmy Song, a Bitcoin developer and crypto influencer known for wearing a cowboy hat; Nathan Nichols, a board member of the Texas Blockchain Council; Jim Breyer, the venture capitalist behind Breyer Capital; Bitcoin Frankie, a crypto influencer and owner of Brand Besties; and Ross Ulbricht, creator of the now-defunct Silk Road darknet marketplace. Cointelegraph team members based in Texas: Turner Wright, Rachel Wolfson andRay Salmond

If you have any suggestions for additions to this guide, please contact turner@cointelegraph.com.

 

 

 

 

China Unearths Massive Gold Veins That Could Reshape Global Markets

6 Questions for Mati Greenspan of Quantum Economics

We ask the buidlers in the blockchain and cryptocurrency sector for their thoughts on the industry… and we throw in a few random zingers to keep them on their toes!


 

This week, our 6 Questions go to Mati Greenspan, a crypto analyst and the founder and CEO of Quantum Economics, an investment analysis and consulting firm for the cryptocurrency space.

Mati is the former senior market analyst at eToro and a licensed money manager in the European Union. Hes the co-author of the e-book The Complete Guide to Fintech Trading and Investments and currently advises publicly for LunarCrush, Electroneum and Luno.

 


1 Does it matter if we ever figure out who Satoshi really is or was? Why, or why not?

Even though our team is currently conducting extensive research on this, I dont think well ever be able to say definitively, and I kind of hope no one ever figures it out. Theres a certain allure to the mystery of Bitcoins origin that I think keeps people engaged in the network.

 

2 What do you think will be the biggest trend in blockchain for the next 12 months?

Its really difficult to say that far in advance in an industry that moves this quickly. Im personally looking forward to seeing more utility-based nonfungible tokens (NFTs). Using them to unlock exclusive content, as event tickets or as part of role-playing games, is extremely exciting.

 

3 Whats a problem you think blockchain has a chance to solve but hasnt been attempted yet?

Thats a fun question. I would say free, fair elections are an issue that many countries face, and I havent seen enough effort in the blockchain space to solve this. Perhaps now that crypto-friendly politicians are being elected in the United States, well finally see it happen.

 

4 When you tell people youre in the blockchain industry, how do they react?

Most people I meet already know this, so it isnt much of a shock anymore. Increasingly, people are becoming more familiar with Bitcoin (BTC) and blockchain, so I suppose its becoming more commonplace to have a job in this industry. I always take joy in seeing people quit their square jobs to work for Bitcoin and do my best to help facilitate that.

 

5 Do you subscribe to the idea of Bitcoin as a means of payment, as a store of value, as both… or as neither?

Yes, both. For me, very much so. Most of my team at Quantum Economics prefers being paid in Bitcoin. Its far faster, easier and cheaper to deal with internationally than any payment app or bank. The third part of the trilogy that defines money is a unit of account, which is a bit more difficult to get used to, but more and more were starting to think in Bitcoin terms.

 

6 What would you like to see tokenized? When if ever would you expect this to happen?

Leonardo da Vincis Mona Lisa. Ive been tweeting about it to the Louvre Museum for a while now. In my mind, its only a matter of time. Could happen any day, really.

China Unearths Massive Gold Veins That Could Reshape Global Markets