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SEC initiates legal action against FTX’s auditor

The SEC alleges that Prager Metis, an accounting firm engaged by bankrupt crypto exchange FTX in 2021, committed hundreds of violations related to auditor independence.

The United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has commenced legal proceedings against an accounting firm that had provided services to cryptocurrency exchange FTX prior to its bankruptcy declaration.

According to a September 29 statement, the SEC alleged that Prager Metis provided auditing services to its clients without maintaining the necessary independence, as it allegedly continued to offer accounting services. This practice is prohibited under the auditor independence framework.

To prevent conflicts of interest, accounting and audit tasks must be kept clearly separate. However, the SEC claims that these activities spanned over a period of approximately three years:

“As alleged in our complaint, over a period of nearly three years, Prager’s audits, reviews, and exams fell short of these fundamental principles. Our complaint is an important reminder that auditor independence is crucial to investor protection.”

While the statement doesn't explicitly mention FTX or any other clients, it does emphasize that there were allegedly "hundreds" of auditor independence violations throughout the three-year period.

Furthermore, a previous court filing pointed out that the FTX Group engaged Metis to audit FTX US and FTX at some point in 2021. Subsequently, FTX declared bankruptcy in November 2022. 

The filing alleged that since former FTX CEO Sam Bankman-Fried publicly announced previous FTX audit results, Metis should have recognized that its work would be used by FTX to bolster public trust.

Related: FTX founder’s plea for temporary release should be denied, prosecution says

Concerns were previously reported about the material presented in FTX audit reports.

On Jan. 25, current FTX CEO John Ray told a bankruptcy court that he had “substantial concerns as to the information presented in these audited financial statements.”

Furthermore, Senators Elizabeth Warren and Ron Wyden raised concerns about Prager Metis' impartiality. They argued that it functioned as an advocate for the crypto industry.

Meanwhile, a law firm that provided services to FTX has come under scrutiny in recent times.

In a Sept. 21 court filing, plaintiffs allege that Fenwick & West should be held partially liable for FTX's collapse because it reportedly exceeded the norm when it came to its service offerings to the exchange.

However, Fenwick & West asserts that it cannot be held accountable for a client's misconduct as long as its actions remain within the bounds of the client's representation.

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FTX’s former external legal team disputes involvement in fraud allegations

In a recent court filing, a United States law firm that had previously offered services to FTX challenged allegations of assisting Sam Bankman-Fried in his alleged unlawful activities.

A law firm that previously provided services to the now-defunct cryptocurrency exchange FTX has refuted a class-action lawsuit brought against them claiming that it assisted in the exchange's alleged fraudulent activities. 

According to a Sept. 21 court filing, Fenwick & West, a United States law firm, denies all accusations of misconduct related to the provision of legal services during FTX operations:

“It is black-letter law that an attorney cannot be held liable for conspiracy or aiding and abetting a client’s wrong “‘as long as [his] conduct falls within the scope of the representation of the client.’”
Court filing in the United States Southern District of Florida. Source: Thomson Reuters

The plaintiffs contend that while Fenwick provided regular legal services within the bounds of the law, Sam Bankman-Fried allegedly misused the advice to advance his fraudulent activities.

They further argued that Fenwick exceeded the norm in its service offerings to FTX.

“Plaintiffs allege that Fenwick can nevertheless be held liable because Fenwick purportedly “provided services to the FTX Group entities that went well beyond those a law firm should and usually does provide,” the filing noted.

Related: Crypto’s Lehman moment: Investors buy $250M of FTX claims — Report

It was further claimed that employees of Fenwick chose to depart from the firm and join FTX voluntarily.

Additionally, the filing reiterated that Fenwick assisted in establishing corporations used by Bankman-Fried in his fraud, and advised FTX on regulatory compliance in the evolving crypto landscape.

However, Fenwick argued that it should not bear liability, as it was not the sole law firm representing FTX. It asserts that it played a relatively minor role in providing various aspects of legal advice to the bankrupt exchange.

"If Plaintiffs’ allegations were sufficient to state a claim against Fenwick for conspiracy and aiding and-abetting liability, then any lawyer could be hauled into court and forced to answer for his client’s misconduct. That is not the law."

This comes after the FTX debtors filed a lawsuit against former employees of the Hong Kong-incorporated company Salameda, which was previously affiliated with the FTX group.

FTX initiated legal action to reclaim $157.3 million, alleging that the funds were illicitly withdrawn shortly before the exchange's bankruptcy filing.

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FTX’s former law firm hit with lawsuit alleging it set up shadowy entities

The suit claims “shadowy entities” set up by Fenwick & West were allegedly used by FTX and former top executives to misappropriate customer funds.

FTX’s former primary counsel Fenwick & West LLP has been hit with a class-action suit claiming it aided the crypto exchange’s alleged multi-billion dollar fraud.

An Aug. 7 filing by a group of FTX customers in a California District Court alleged the law firm set up several “shadowy entities” allowing FTX co-founder Sam Bankman-Fried and other executives to adopt “creative but illegal strategies” to perpetuate fraud.

The suit claims Fenwick & West provided services to FTX that “went well beyond those a law firm should and usually does provide,” such as structuring acquisitions by FTX US in ways that circumvented regulatory scrutiny and supplying staff to execute strategies the law firm proposed.

The “shadowy entities” were named as North Dimension and North Wireless Dimension, which the suit alleged siphoned misappropriated FTX customer funds.

Highlighted excerpt from the class complaint against Fenwick & West. Source: CourtListener

The plaintiffs said Fenwick & West aided and abetted FTX’s alleged fraud by choosing not to intervene in a series of misrepresentations supposedly made by FTX to its customers.

There was an implied agreement between FTX US, other FTX affiliates and Fenwick & West to deceive customers, the class suit said — something that appealed to the law firm because it “stood to gain financially” from FTX’s alleged misconduct, it added.

Bankman-Fried, former Alameda Research CEO Caroline Ellison, former FTX co-founder Gary Wang and former FTX engineering lead Nishad Singh were the four so-called FTX insiders listed by the plaintiffs.

Fenwick & West was named in a similar class-action lawsuit in February that also alleged it assisted Bankman-Fried and FTX in setting up its business.

The February lawsuit — which also targeted FTX investor and venture capital firm Sequoia Capital — claimed the services provided by Fenwick & West were central to Bankman-Fried’s fraud.

The law firm recently hired peer firm Gibson Dunn to assist with legal matters related to its alleged role at FTX, according to a June 21 Reuters report.

Related: Prosecutors will still consider Sam Bankman-Fried’s alleged campaign finance scheme at trial

FTX collapsed and filed for bankruptcy in November 2022 when it was unable to process a large volume of customerwithdrawals.

Bankman Fried remains under house arrest and faces 12 charges including wire fraud, conspiracy and money laundering. He is set to have two criminal trials in October and March.

Prosecutors said on Aug. 8 that they plan to re-add a charge relating to illegal campaign finance, which was previously dropped due to it potentially violating a treaty obligation with the Bahamas.

Cointelegraph contacted Fenwick & West for comment but did not immediately receive a response.

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