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SEC serves $4M in fines to Coinme over ‘misleading’ UpToken ICO

The regulator nabbed the crypto ATM operator turned exchange for securities law violations over its sales and statements of a crypto token.

The United States securities regulator has handed down nearly $4 million in fines to crypto exchange Coinme for allegedly offering unregistered securities and giving “misleading statements” on its crypto token UpToken (UP).

On April 28 the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) said it settled charges against Coinme, its subsidiary Up Global SEZC and the CEO of both firms, Neil Bergquist.

Up Global agreed to pay a $3.52 million penalty, for which Coinme was also liable. Separate penalties against Coinme and Bergquist of $250,000 and $150,000 respectively were also leveled, which both have agreed to pay.

In its order, the SEC alleged Coinme, Up Global and Bergquist’s Initial Coin Offering (ICO) of UP between October to December 2017 was an investment contract under the Howey test and were subsequently unregistered securities offerings.

The September 2017 press release announcing UpToken. Source: GlobeNewswire

The ICO raised around $3.6 million to expand the amount of Bitcoin (BTC) ATMs in Coinme’s fleet, with which it added 30 ATMs using ICO funding. UP holders received benefits such as discounted fees and a 1% cashback paid in UP when using the ATMs.

In January 2019, Coinme changed its offering and partnered with Coinstar to use its cash-counting kiosks to facilitate cash-to-crypto transactions rather than its own ATMs. By July 2019 Coinme shut down all of its own ATMs.

“There is currently no use for UpToken, and UpToken holders can no longer use UpToken to obtain the benefits that were described in the UpToken offering materials.”

The price of UP has seen a significant drawdown since, with its market cap also falling to around $50,000 and 24-hour trading volumes topping just over $180.

The price of UpToken from early 2018 to today. Source: CoinMarketCap

Bergquist and Up Global also made “false and misleading statements” about the demand for UpToken and the amount raised in the offering according to the SEC.

Up Global said Coinme’s purchasing of UP to fund its ATM rewards program would create constant demand for the token, but the SEC said:

“Bergquist and Up Global took steps before and throughout the ICO to obtain an UpToken supply that would substantially reduce Coinme's need to purchase UpToken after the ICO for the ATM rewards program.”

The SEC claimed Coinme sent 160 BTC worth over $1 million at the time to an Up Global wallet used to receive investor funds in the ICO. Up Global sent back around 14.5 million UP at a discount to Coinme and the transaction “knowingly or recklessly” created the impression that a third party made a large purchase.

Related: Rep. McHenry announces hearings to address market structure around crypto

In another example, it was claimed Bergquist negotiated a 500 Bitcoin round-trip transaction of UP tokens with an unnamed Hong Kong company, with Coinme borrowing the funds to purchase further UP at a discount. The transaction was also used to create an impression of demand for the tokens.

The SEC said Bergquist didn’t admit or deny the regulator's findings, agreed to settle the charges and was barred from acting as an executive of a public company for three years.

Cointelegraph contacted Coinme for comment but did not immediately receive a response.

Magazine: Crypto regulation — Does SEC Chair Gary Gensler have the final say?

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Nexo ‘surprised’ by state regulators’ actions, says co-founder

Kalin Metodiev emphasized that Nexo has been navigating through conversations with regulators for the past couple of years to ensure compliance, and was surprised that this news was “thrown out there in public.”

Kalin Metodiev, the co-founder and managing partner of crypto lender Nexo stated his firm was “surprised” by the way in which eight state regulators publicly took action against it for securities violations.

Earlier this week the California Department of Financial Protection & Innovation (DFPI) filed a desist and refrain order against Nexo’s Earn Interest Product, claiming the company was offering a security product that had not been cleared by the government for sale in the form of an investment contract.

The DFPI also stated that it was joining regulators from seven other states in taking action against the company, including Kentucky, New York, Maryland, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Washington and Vermont.

Speaking with Cointelegraph at Token2049, Metodiev explained that Nexo was caught off guard with the latest regulatory push back, as it has been “trying to be responsible” by engaging in direct conversations with the regulators such as the Securities and Exchange Commision (SEC) for quite some time.

“We were a little surprised by this news being thrown out there in public, you know, because this isn't a process that just started this week,” he said, adding that:

“We have worked with our legal advisors in the U.S. that we have used for the last couple of years to navigate us specifically through these waters in these conversations.”
Kalin Metodiev, the co-founder and managing partner of crypto lender Nexo

Metodiev said Nexo also communicated to the SEC earlier this year that it was “voluntarily” discontinuing services for new U.S. customers, suggesting the firm was working in good faith and aiming to be compliant with local regulations.

The product has not been available to new users in the United States since Feb. 19, and existing U.S. account holders were unable to make new deposits into their accounts.

“The event that made us make the decision was actually the SEC ruling against BlockFi in February. The moment we saw that we established contact with the SEC, and we communicated that we're voluntarily discontinuing, taking money from U.S. customers. And we haven't been working with new customers for our interest generating product.”

Ultimately this hasn’t put Nexo off over providing services in the U.S. however, as the firm will continue to remain in conversations with regulators over its crypto offerings.

Metodiev also highlighted that the company is looking at U.S. expansion through other avenues, pointing to Nexo acquiring a stake in Hulett Bancorp this week, a holding company that owns the federally chartered Summit National Bank.

Nexo has also been out on the look out for crypto company acquisitions, with Metodiev noting that the firm has had discussions with a lot of liquidity troubled firms in the bear market, even the likes of Voyager Digital and Celsius.

Related: FTX reportedly considers bailing out Celsius via asset bid

While he stated discussions had been going well with various firms, he didn’t provide any concrete details on any deals that could be in the works. Metodiev suggested it had been priced out of a Voyager deal, as its $1.4 billion asset valuation that FTX snapped it up for, became too high for Nexo.

“If the opportunity becomes too rich for us, as I mentioned, our risk management, kicks in and we say, you know, we're not sure that we can break even on this. We want to help the people and the platform, but at the same time, it needs to be a normal business assessment for us,” he said.

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SEC Charges Australian ‘Man Behind the Machine’ in $41M Crypto Fraud Scheme

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SEC charges Rivetz over $18M ICO, seeks the return of ‘ill-gotten gains’

The SEC alleged that some of the proceeds from the offering were used to give the founder a bonus of $1 million and a loan of $2.5 million which he used to purchase a house in the Cayman Islands.

The United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has charged Rivetz over an alleged illegal securities offering that fetched around $18 million.

Rivetz was founded in 2013 and the now-defunct blockchain hardware firm has been accused of generating $18 million via an unregistered securities offering between July and September of 2017 from more than 7,200 investors.

The SEC’s Sept. 8 complaint names defendants Rivetz Corp., founder Steven Sprague and the firm’s subsidiary Rivetz International. The ICO revolved around the RvT token, which the SEC states was promoted and sold as an investment opportunity and used to capitalize on Rivetz’s business in building an app, ecosystem and cyber security hardware.

The SEC asserts that the defendants touted the value of RvT tokens as “investments that purchasers could buy and sell on the secondary market” despite the product being “not-operational” at the time of offering:

“Token buyers could not purchase any goods and services using RvT tokens, and the tokens had no other use in any Rivetz product or service. In fact, several months after the tokens were distributed [...] Sprague stated on social media that Rivetz did not have ‘a specific release date’ for the Rivetz app through which consumers could use the RvT token."

Investors used Ether to purchase the RvT tokens. Following the initial sale, the SEC alleges that Rivetz and Sprague liquidated all of the Ether received via Rivetz International.

The complaint states the money was used to fund operations, give Spraque a $1 million bonus and a separate loan of $2.5 million which he used to “purchase a house in the Cayman Islands that he then leased back to Rivetz Int’l.”

If the defendants are found guilty the SEC is seeking injunctive relief, the return of what it calls “ill-gotten gains,” prejudgment interest and a civil penalty.

Related: US SEC releases fresh investor alert against crypto investment scams

Is the SEC on the war path?

The SEC has been making headlines throughout September as the enforcement body takes action — or threatened to — against multiple crypto firms this month.

On Sept. 2 Cointelegraph reported that the SEC charged notorious Ponzi-scheme BitConnect as an alleged unregistered securities offering that netted $2 billion. Reports surfaced the enforcement body was also investigating decentralized exchange (DEX) Uniswap over its marketing and investor services.

Earlier this week Coinbase CEO Brian Armstrong revealed that the SEC was threatening to sue the firm if it launched a stablecoin yield program it deems as security.

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