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Fantom Foundation awards $1.7M bounty for preventing $170M drain

In the aftermath of Fantom’s $550,000 hack in October, a security researcher found that the attacker could have stolen as much as $170 million.

The Fantom Foundation, a nonprofit organization developing the Fantom blockchain platform, has eliminated a significant vulnerability after a $550,000 hack in October.

On Oct. 17, the Fantom Foundation suffered a hot wallet hack, with an unknown attacker draining 1% of Fantom Foundation’s funds. The foundation subsequently stopped using some of the affected wallets, reassigning them to a Fantom employee, making it a “targeted attack.”

Following the incident, an unnamed security researcher found an additional potential risk associated with the hack and alerted the Fantom Foundation, according to a blog post on Nov. 20. The vulnerability was associated with a dormant admin token for Fantom’s ERC-20 FTM contract, which could potentially allow the attacker the ability to mint a portion of Fantom (FTM) for themselves on Ethereum.

According to the Fantom Foundation, the discovered vulnerability could have allowed the hacker to drain $170 million using the wallet access. The organization said the value of the potential loss is based on the token price at the time of the hack, “though this estimate does not consider the market’s insufficient liquidity to absorb the tokens fully.”

The Fantom Foundation said that the vulnerability was “mitigated quickly,” and the organization awarded the unnamed researcher $1.7 million in recognition of the contribution. The announcement added:

“The Fantom Foundation is dedicated to upholding the highest security standards for our platform, and we remain grateful for the security researchers who contribute to this effort.”

The Fantom Foundation did not immediately respond to Cointelegraph’s request for comment.

Related: Poloniex says hacker’s identity is confirmed, offers last bounty at $10M

Despite the Fantom Foundation losing half a million to a hack one month ago, the Fantom token has risen over the past four weeks. The token has added 82% of value since Oct. 17, trading at $0.31 at the time of writing, according to CoinGecko. The token is also up 78% over the past year, according to the data.

Fantom (FTM) token 90-day price chart. Source: CoinGecko

Launched in late 2019, the Fantom network is a blockchain protocol that enables users to build and deploy decentralized applications (DApps). The Fantom Foundation’s Opera is a permissionless blockchain compatible with the Ethereum Virtual Machine, which allows users to interact with the Fantom network on MetaMask, a leading self-custodial cryptocurrency wallet.

Fantom’s recent $550,000 hack isn’t the first attack on the Fantom Foundation or its users. In July 2023, Fantom suffered a massive multichain bridge hack, which resulted in the loss of $126 million worth of cryptocurrency. Fantom creator Andre Cronje subsequently claimed that the Fantom team was misled about the actual security level of Multichain, which ceased operations in mid-July 2023.

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Why the service industry needs blockchain, explained

The service industry needs blockchain for enhanced security, transparency and efficiency in managing transactions, contracts and customer data.

The need for blockchain technology in the service industry

Blockchain technology has the potential to completely transform the services sector by improving efficiency, security and transparency. 

Blockchain technology reduces the risk of fraud and errors in industries, including supply chain management, healthcare, and media and entertainment, by ensuring tamper-proof record-keeping through decentralized ledgers. 

Blockchain-based smart contracts, or self-executing contracts, automate work and lessen the need for intermediaries to manage legal and real estate services operations. Additionally, blockchain enables safe and quick transactions in the hospitality industry, facilitating easy international payments and loyalty program administration.

Moreover, blockchain improves data security in customer care, protecting the privacy and confidence of customers. Additionally, it helps with supply chain traceability, which is essential for confirming the legitimacy of goods in sectors like food and medicine. Blockchain lowers costs by doing away with the need for intermediaries, giving customers access to more economical services.

How can blockchain revolutionize retail transactions?

Blockchain technology improves trust, lowers expenses, and opens up new and creative alternatives for both customers and retailers.

One way it achieves this is by enabling secure and decentralized payment systems. For example, peer-to-peer transactions are made possible by cryptocurrencies, such as Bitcoin (BTC) and Ether (ETH), which use blockchain technology to eliminate the need for intermediaries like banks. This improves the consumer experience by lowering transaction fees and expediting the payment process.

Additionally, blockchain enhances retail supply chain management. Retailers can track a product’s route from manufacturer to customer with clear, tamper-proof ledgers. By guaranteeing product authenticity, this transparency lowers the possibility of fake items entering the market. For instance, IBM’s Food Trust Network uses blockchain technology to track the provenance of food products, giving consumers and retailers confidence in the legitimacy and caliber of goods shown on store shelves.

Retailers can also utilize nonfungible tokens (NFTs) that represent unique retail items, like limited edition products or digital assets, ensuring authenticity and provenance. This uniqueness appeals to collectors and enthusiasts, creating new revenue streams for retailers.

Furthermore, loyalty programs built on blockchain technology might encourage client involvement. To promote customer loyalty and maintain the security and integrity of reward programs, retailers can issue tokens on a blockchain that consumers can accumulate and redeem at different stores. 

The role of blockchain in health records management

Blockchain technology plays a pivotal role in health records management by ensuring secure, interoperable and tamper-proof storage of sensitive patient information.

Patient records in the healthcare industry are frequently dispersed among several systems and providers, which compromises data integrity and causes inefficiencies. By implementing a decentralized, unchangeable ledger where patient records are safely kept and unifiedly accessible, blockchain solves these issues.

For instance, people can be in charge of their medical records via MedRec, a blockchain-based platform that gives healthcare providers access to them when needed. Additionally, Estonia’s e-Health Authority implemented blockchain technology to safeguard medical records, guaranteeing that patient information is shielded from alteration and illegal access. This facilitates the exchange of medical information among experts, improving patient care and diagnosis accuracy while also enhancing data security and privacy.

Furthermore, patient records can be uniquely tokenized using NFTs, improving their integrity and thwarting tampering. Guaranteeing the confidentiality and legitimacy of medical data helps build confidence between patients and healthcare professionals.

How does blockchain enhance efficiency and reduce costs in the hospitality industry?

Blockchain technology enhances efficiency and reduces costs in the hospitality industry through various applications that streamline operations and improve customer experiences. 

Cryptocurrencies built on blockchain technology allow for quick and safe cross-border transactions; they eliminate the need for currency conversions and the transaction costs connected with using traditional banking systems. This simplified payment process lowers expenses for both customers and businesses while accelerating transaction speeds.

Blockchain also improves hotel reservations by doing away with intermediaries. By using blockchain-based platforms like LockTrip, hotels are able to list their rooms directly to consumers, negating the need for intermediary booking websites. Hotels can maximize earnings while providing clients with lower pricing by eliminating intermediaries. In addition to lowering commission expenses, this direct communication between hotels and visitors also promotes a more open and competitive pricing environment.

Furthermore, blockchain technology can be advantageous to hotel loyalty programs. Through blockchain technology, hotels may create digital tokens that can be tracked and securely establish reward programs. The simplicity of managing these tokens lowers the administrative burden and guarantees the integrity of loyalty programs.

Blockchain applications in legal and real estate transactions

By providing a secure and transparent framework, blockchain technology streamlines legal and real estate transactions, instilling trust among parties involved and paving the way for a more efficient and reliable future in these sectors.

Blockchain prevents fraud and tampering in the legal realm by using cryptographic hashes to guarantee the integrity of contracts and legal documents. Encoded in the blockchain, smart contracts are self-executing agreements that automate the performance of contractual obligations, eliminating the need for intermediaries and minimizing disputes.

Blockchain makes real estate transactions more transparent by keeping track of ownership information, past transactions and legal papers in a decentralized ledger. This unchangeable record guarantees the validity of property titles, lowering the possibility of real estate fraud. Furthermore, blockchain-enabled platforms streamline the process of buying real estate by reducing paperwork and administrative expenses and enabling speedier and securer transactions.

Through a process known as tokenization, real estate assets can be tokenized to allow for the division of properties into smaller, exchangeable parts. This allows tokens to be bought, sold and traded on blockchain-based platforms by investors.

This approach provides liquidity to traditionally illiquid assets, allowing for more efficient and diverse investment opportunities in the real estate market. Additionally, by enabling developers to sell tokens that reflect future revenue or ownership holdings in the project, it streamlines the fundraising process for real estate development projects.

How does blockchain technology impact and improve the media and entertainment industry?

By guaranteeing transparency, equitable pay and content security, blockchain technology transforms the media and entertainment industries.

Direct transactions between customers and artists are made possible by smart contracts, which remove the need for intermediaries and guarantee that artists are paid fairly and promptly.

Furthermore, by giving content creators the opportunity to directly monetize their work, decentralized platforms promote a more just economy. The immutability offered by blockchain technology improves copyright protection by discouraging piracy and guaranteeing that creators maintain ownership of their creations.

Additionally, it makes royalty distribution public, removing disparities and guaranteeing just compensation for all parties involved. Tokenization democratizes investment opportunities by enabling partial ownership of media assets. 

Digital rights management based on blockchain also guarantees safe and traceable content distribution. This technology empowers the industry to create a more effective, equitable and safe environment by empowering artists, creators and customers equally.

Blockchain implementation challenges in the service industry

Integrating blockchain into existing service industry infrastructure poses challenges due to diverse platforms, data privacy concerns and interoperability issues.

The difficulty of integrating blockchain with existing infrastructure and processes is a significant obstacle. Because service providers frequently use a variety of platforms and technologies, achieving seamless integration can be difficult. It might be difficult to protect data security and privacy while still adhering to regulations.

Blockchain’s transparency conflicts with the requirement to protect sensitive customer information, necessitating careful design and implementation of privacy measures. Another major challenge is establishing communication and data exchange across various blockchain networks and traditional systems. To facilitate seamless interoperability, service providers need to spend time developing standardized protocols, which can be expensive and time-consuming.

Moreover, there are scalability concerns. Blockchain networks, especially public ones, may face limitations in handling a high volume of transactions efficiently. Delays and higher expenses may result from this, especially in service industries where several quick transactions are necessary.

Finally, it’s critical to inform staff members and stakeholders about blockchain technology and its possible uses. Careful planning, teamwork and continual adaptability to the fast-changing blockchain landscape are required to overcome these obstacles.

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EU backs Data Act with clause to shut off smart contracts

The Act, inclusive of a clause necessitating “kill switches” on smart contracts, only now needs approval from the European Council to pass into law.

The European Parliament has voted to approve the Data Act — controversial legislation that includes a stipulation necessitating smart contracts have the ability to be terminated.

In a Nov. 9 press release, the parliament said the legislation passed 481 votes to 31 against. To become law, it will now need approval from the European Council — the heads of each of the 27 European Union member states.

The adopted Data Act outlines the requirement that smart contacts “can be interrupted and terminated” along with controls allowing functions that reset or stop the contract.

Highlighted excerpt of the Data Act relating to smart contracts. Source: European Parliament

At its core, the Data Act would allow users to access data they generate from smart devices, with the European Commission claiming that 80% of such data collected is never used.

The Act’s critics have highlighted concerns about the smart contract clause, saying the definition is too broad and doesn’t provide clear details on when interruptions or terminations should occur.

Related: EU banking watchdog proposes liquidity rules for stablecoin issuers

A June open letter sent by EU blockchain advocacy bodies and signed by dozens of crypto firms also said the Data Act could see smart contracts that use data from public blockchains like Ethereum be deemed in breach of the law.

The European Commission has reportedly said, however, that the Data Act isn’t concerned with blockchain and fears the Act would make smart contracts illegal are unfounded.

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Blockchain adoption continues unabated — Bloomberg analyst

Blockchain adoption has been "unabated" throughout bull and bear markets over the past years, says Bloomberg analyst Jamie Coutts.

Should the current rate of adoption continue, blockchain technology could have 100 million daily users by 2028, according to projections by Bloomberg Intelligence analyst Jamie Coutts. 

On X (formerly Twitter), Coutts pointed out that blockchain adoption has been "unabated" throughout bull and bear markets over the past years. "Not having exposure to one of the largest structural trends of the next decade could be costly," said the analyst.

Daily active addresses exceed 5 million in the third quarter of 2023, up 14% from 2022, according to Coutts, while quarter-on-quarter growth has averaged 29% since 2019. "If we apply a more moderate 20% QoQ growth rate then we could reach 100 million daily users by 2028."

Coutts compared blockchain rate adoption with PayPal’s rate growth. According to him, it took the fintech giant 13 years to reach 100 million daily users. "If Ethereum was day zero for smart contracts (2015) then it may take a similar time frame for blockchains to reach similar level of adoption," he added.

Keeping the current pace of adoption, blockchain-based companies may also see a rise in valuations. Coutts noted that basic regressions show the blockchain ecosystem could be valued between $5 trillion to $14 trillion once 100 million users are onboard. "Thats up from $350b today."

Coutts projections are consistent with data suggesting sustained interest in blockchain technology. In spite of the market downturn, development in the crypto industry rose 5% in 2022. Additionally, a survey conducted by Celent in 2022 showed that 91% of institutional investors are interested in investing in tokenized assets — blockchain-based tokens that represent ownership of physical and digital assets.

"While overly simplistic extrapolations such as this should never be soley relied on for valuation purposes it, the exercise illustrates that users and prices are inextricably linked and that as adoption continues prices are likely to track much higher for some assets," Coutts predicted.

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Bloomberg Analyst Says This Crypto Sector’s Market Cap Could Explode by 3,900% in Five Years

Bloomberg Analyst Says This Crypto Sector’s Market Cap Could Explode by 3,900% in Five Years

Bloomberg Intelligence analyst Jamie Coutts says that one crypto sector could experience explosive growth over the next half a decade. Coutts says that smart contract blockchains such as Ethereum (ETH) and Solana (SOL) could reach 100 million daily users by 2028 by growing at 20% quarter-on-quarter. According to Coutts, the number of daily users of […]

The post Bloomberg Analyst Says This Crypto Sector’s Market Cap Could Explode by 3,900% in Five Years appeared first on The Daily Hodl.

Analyst Forecasts BTC to Reach $1 Million in 10 Years, Envisions It as Future Reserve Currency

Coinbase launches regulated crypto futures services for US retail traders

Coinbase Advanced customers in the U.S. can trade nano-sized futures contracts sized at 1/100th of a Bitcoin and 1/10th of an Ether.

Coinbase Advanced allows retail traders in the United States access to regulated crypto futures contracts four months after Coinbase Financial Markets (CFM) secured approval to operate a Futures Commission Merchant (FCM) entity.

On Aug. 17, CFM secured regulatory approval from the National Futures Association (NFA), a Commodity Futures Trading Commission-designated self-regulatory organization, to operate an FCM and offer crypto futures services to eligible U.S. traders.

In details shared with Cointelegraph, CFM revealed that Coinbase Advanced customers in the U.S. can trade nano-sized futures contracts sized at 1/100th of 1 Bitcoin (BTC) and 1/10th of 1 Ether (ETH). As explained by Andrew Sears, the CEO of CFM:

“These contracts offer lower upfront capital requirements and can be an affordable investment option for a broader range of retail customers.”

The nano-Ether contract allows participants to manage risk, trade on margin or speculate on the price of Ether. The nano-Bitcoin contract allows users to bet on the future price of BTC.

In addition to providing regulated, leveraged and cash-settled crypto futures, users will be provided access to a library of educational content via Coinbase Learn. U.S. residents with an active Coinbase account for spot trading are eligible to create an FCM futures account.

The services have been launched on the web version and will soon be available on mobile devices.

Related: Coinbase hoses down rumors of weekly withdrawal limits on Bitcoin

Coinbase’s decision to launch crypto futures services seemed natural as the exchange witnessed a sharp decline in spot trading volume this year compared to 2022.

An analysis from digital asset data provider CCData showed that Coinbase registered around $76 billion in spot trading volume — a 52% drop in spot trading for Q3 2023 compared to the same period in 2022.

Crypto exchange Coinbase spot trading volume in billions of dollars. Source: Bloomberg

Despite the decline in spot trading volume, Coinbase gained market share in the last quarter as crypto exchange Binance came under increased scrutiny from regulators.

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Unibot contract $560K exploit crashes token price by more than 40%

Amid ongoing investigations from Unibot and blockchain investigators, Scopescan advised users to revoke the approvals for the exploited contract and move the funds to a new wallet.

A new contract deployed on Oct. 29 by Unibot, a popular Telegram bot used to snipe trades on the decentralized exchange Uniswap, was reportedly exploited for roughly $560,000 in various memecoins from users.

On Oct. 31, blockchain security firm Scopescan alerted Unibot users about an ongoing hack on Unibot that went undetected. An exploit on a newly deployed contract by Unibot drained the crypto holdings of several users.

Unibot later confirmed the hack by revealing initial details:

“We experienced a token approval exploit from our new router and have paused our router to contain the issue.”

Amid ongoing investigations from Unibot and blockchain investigators, Scopescan advised users to revoke the approvals for the exploited contract (0x126c9FbaB3A2FCA24eDfd17322E71a5e36E91865) and move the funds to a new wallet.

Unibot hacker moving funds. Source: 0xscope.com

The hacker is in the process of converting the stolen memecoins into Ether (ETH), blockchain data from Scopescan shows.

Unibot 1-day price chart showing a sharp decline in price following the hack. Source: CoinGecko

As seen above, the market reacted negatively to the development as the UNIBOT token witnessed an immediate 42.7% drop in its price in one hour — from $57.56 to $32.94. However, the token’s price is making a recovery attempt at the time of writing.

Unibot committed to compensating all users who lost funds due to the contract exploit. Weekly transaction data shows that cryptocurrencies such as Joe (JOE), UNIBOT and BeerusCat (BCAT) represented a major part of the loot.

Cointelegraph also learned from Scopescan that the address 0x835B, which is identical to the exploited address, was deployed and is being used to receive tokens from unsuspecting victims.

Unibot has not yet responded to Cointelegraph’s request for comment.

Related: Telegram crypto bots gain momentum in the market: Binance Research

A similar contract exploit recently drained 280 ETH from users of Maestrobots, a group of cryptocurrency bots on the Telegram Messenger app.

In the following days, Maestrobots paid a total of 610 ETH from its own revenue to cover all the user losses while citing a lack of liquidity to buy back the lost tokens:

“So we compensated affected users with the ETH equivalent of their tokens, and boosted that amount by 20% because you deserve it. These refunds cost 334 ETH.”

Blockchain security firm CertiK confirmed to Cointelegraph that it has been able to detect the transactions showing the 334 ETH compensation paid out to users from Maestro.

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Understanding Blockchain and Smart Contracts

Understanding Blockchain and Smart Contracts

Blockchain technology and smart contracts have emerged as innovative solutions in the world of digital transactions and contracts. These technologies are transforming various industries by enhancing security, transparency and efficiency. In this article, we’ll explore what blockchain and smart contracts are, their applications and their impact on various sectors. What is blockchain Blockchain is a […]

The post Understanding Blockchain and Smart Contracts appeared first on The Daily Hodl.

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Base network launches 8-week training course for blockchain developers

Base Bootcamp will offer students weekly meetings with a mentor, a dedicated Discord server, and access to Coinbase and Base engineers, the team stated.

On October 20, the team behind Ethereum layer-2 Base network announced that it's launching an eight-week training course to turn traditional software developers into blockchain developers. Called “Base Bootcamp,” the new program doesn't cost anything to attend. However, it's designed for “mid to senior level Software Engineering individual contributors” and students must fill out an application and be accepted to enroll. Less than 20 students will be accepted into each “cohort” or class, and the team will stop accepting applications on October 27, the announcement stated.

In its announcement, Base claimed  the program is necessary because most software developers still do not know how to build Web3 apps. “Today, there are fewer than 30,000 onchain developers,” they stated, “compared to nearly 30 million software developers.” This implies that only 0.1% of software developers work in Web3.

The team released an online training program called “Base Camp” earlier in the year, which was open to anyone. But they decided that this wasn’t enough, as “keeping the momentum to learn a complex new skill alone can be difficult.” They claim that Base Bootcamp will provide more support for developers who don’t want to study alone.

Related: Coinbase open sources code for layer-2 network Base

The Base Bootcamp will pair each student with a mentor who they will meet with each week. It will also give them access to a group of Coinbase and Base engineers who will be available during office hours to answer questions. A private Discord server will be created to allow students to communicate with each other and to Base engineers, and additional assignments will be given that will be graded by members of the team. At the end of the program, students will be required to create their own Web3 app and present it to other students.

Although the program does not charge tuition, students are required to put up 1 Ether (ETH) on deposit to ensure that they finish the program. The team claimed that this deposit will be returned to the student upon graduation.

The lack of qualified Web3 developers is a commonly reported problem in the industry. Some Australian educators have suggested teaching Web3 development in high schools as a means of combating the problem. Other companies have tried to create tools to make Web3 development more simple. For example, Circle recently released a set of tools that allow developers to deploy contracts using familiar Web2 methods.

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EtherHiding: Why hackers may prefer Binance’s BNB Smart Chain

According to cybersecurity analysts at 0xScope and CertiK, threat actors may prefer using BNB Smart Chain contracts because it’s cheaper and seen as having lower security than Ethereum.

Despite the name “EtherHiding,” the new attack vector that hides malicious code in blockchain smart contracts doesn’t have much to do with Ethereum at all, cybersecurity analysts have revealed.

As reported by Cointelegraph on Oct. 16, EtherHiding has been discovered as a new way for bad actors to hide malicious payloads inside smart contracts — with the ultimate goal of distributing malware to unsuspecting victims.

These cybercriminals tend to prefer using Binance’s BNB Smart Chain, it is understood.

Speaking to Cointelegraph, a security researcher from blockchain security firm CertiK, Joe Green, said most of this is due to BNB Smart Chain’s lower costs.

“The handling fee of BSC is much cheaper than that of ETH, but the network stability and speed are the same because each update of JavaScript Payload is very cheap meaning there’s no financial pressure.”

EtherHiding attacks are initiated by hackers compromising WordPress websites and injecting code that pulls partial payloads buried in Binance smart contracts. The website’s front end is replaced by a fake update browser prompt which when clicked pulls the JavaScript payload from the Binance blockchain.

The actors frequently change the malware payloads and update website domains to evade detection. This allows them to continuously serve users fresh malware downloads disguised as browser updates, Green explained.

Screenshot of malware updates being deployed in BSC smart contract. Source: Certik 

Another reason, according to security researchers at Web3 analytics firm 0xScope, could be because of increased security-related scrutiny on Ethereum.

"While we are unlikely to know the EtherHiding hacker's true motives for using BNB Smart Chain over other blockchains for their scheme, one possible factor is the increased security-related scrutiny on Ethereum.”

Hackers may face higher risks of discovery by injecting their malicious code using Ethereum due to systems such as Infura’s IP address tracking for MetaMask transactions, they said.

Related: Crypto investors under attack by new malware, reveals Cisco Talos

The 0xScope team told Cointelegraph they recently tracked the money flow between hacker addresses on BNB Smart Chain and Ethereum.

Key addresses were linked to NFT marketplace OpenSea users and Copper custody services, it reported.

Payloads were updated daily across 18 identified hacker domains. This sophistication makes EtherHiding hard to detect and stop, the firm concluded.

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