1. Home
  2. derivatives

derivatives

Goldman Sachs launches limited BTC derivatives trading desk

After years of anticipation, Goldman is finally offering institutional partners trading services.

One of the largest investment banks in the world just launched a cryptocurrency trading desk — though executives made sure to specify they would only be trading derivatives, and will not have actual digital assets on the books. 

A CNBC report this morning revealed a internal Goldman Sachs memo announcing the launch of a cryptocurrency trading desk. The desk will be part of Goldman’s Global Currencies and Emerging Markets division, and overseen by Digital Assets head Mathew McDermott.

The news comes shortly after a report yesterday that Goldman had begun offering BTC trading to clients via non-deliverable forwards (NDFs), a derivative tied to the price of Bitcoin. Observers noted that this choice of derivative lessens Goldman’s risk of exposure to BTC because the vehicles are bought and settled in cash.

The memo, written by Goldman partner Rajesh Venkataramani, noted that the newly-formed trading desk currently will only trade in NDFs, alongside “CME BTC future trades on a principal basis, all cash settling.”

Venkataramani noted that the asset management giant “is not in a position to trade bitcoin, or any cryptocurrency (including Ethereum) on a physical basis” and that they would be circumspect about trading and offering clients exposure to assets aside from Bitcoin derivatives.

“Looking ahead, as we continue to broaden our market presence, albeit in a measured way, we are selectively onboarding new liquidity providers to help us in expanding our offering,” he wrote.

Goldman has maintained a on-again, off-again relationship with cryptocurrencies. In late 2017 there were rumors that the asset management firm was exploring a desk (though they were concerned with security then, as well), a move that some jokingly refer to as a top signal — though in 2019 Goldman Sachs CEO David Solomon refuted that story.

Despite the cautious entry into trading, Goldman has been aggressively pursuing other avenues to benefit from blockchain technology. The firm is participating in a recently-announced $120 million digital bond sale on Ethereum, and earlier in the week participated in a $15 million raise for crypto intelligence startup Coin Metrics. 

Trump administration proposes shifting crypto oversight to CFTC

Crypto Derivatives Exchange FTX Starts Offering Lumber Futures Amidst Commodities Price Boom

Crypto Derivatives Exchange FTX Starts Offering Lumber Futures Amidst Commodities Price BoomFTX, one of the largest derivatives exchanges, has started to offer lumber-based futures markets for its customers, given the recent interest in speculating on commodities prices. Lumber has been one of the key commodities that have skyrocketed in price during these last months, affecting and halting many building projects all across the U.S. FTX Starts […]

Trump administration proposes shifting crypto oversight to CFTC

Reports suggest Goldman Sachs is now offering Bitcoin derivatives

According to a new report, the investment firm is now offering trading with non-deliverable forwards.

Investment banking giant Goldman Sachs has reportedly opened up futures trading on Bitcoin to Wall Street executives.

According to Bloomberg Law, last month the investment firm began offering trading with non-deliverable forwards, a derivative tied to the price of Bitcoin (BTC) — roughly $56,000 at the time of publication — for which investors can get paid in fiat. Goldman Sachs reportedly lessens its risk to the crypto asset’s infamous volatility by buying and selling Bitcoin futures in block trades on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange, or CME, Group using the crypto trading unit of DRW Holdings, Cumberland.

Goldman has been seemingly increasing its exposure to the crypto market following price surges in tokens and institutional players like Tesla adopting cryptocurrencies. Rumors have persisted that the investment firm plans to set up a cryptocurrency trading desk after first announcing one during the 2017 bull run.

This story is developing and will be updated.

Trump administration proposes shifting crypto oversight to CFTC

Flippening? Record $10B Ethereum futures volume briefly outpaces Bitcoin’s

The volume on Ethereum futures flipped Bitcoin's after hitting a new record at $10 billion, and derivatives data suggests further upside for Ether price.

In the past 30 days, Ether (ETH) price decoupled from Bitcoin (BTC) to post a 67.5% gain, while the leading cryptocurrency price has barely moved. Ether's $3,605 all-time high on May 5 was responsible for boosting the asset's futures open interest to $10 billion.

This movement brings up some crucial questions as the dominance of Bitcoin's derivatives markets appears to be challenged at the moment. On May 4, Ether's aggregate futures volumes surpassed Bitcoin's for the first time in history.

Ether and Bitcoin aggregate futures volume, USD. Source: Coinalyze

Volume data from Coinalyze shows that $2.6 billion CME Bitcoin futures traded, along with $1.1 billion in CME Ether futures on May 4. However, Ether's aggregate volumes led by $87 billion versus Bitcoin's $81 billion.

Some might argue that volumes aren't as relevant as open interest, which is a fair assessment. Open interest represents the total number of contracts in play, regardless if they have been traded on a specific date. In that sense, Bitcoin still has double Ether's $10 billion futures open interest.

Ether futures aggregate open interest, USD. Source: Bybt

The above chart shows Ether futures mind-blowing 117% increase in two months. It is also worth noticing CME's contracts reaching a $460 million open interest, a seven-fold increase since March.

Ether's soaring futures volume signals increasing interest from traders

To assess whether the market is leaning bullish, one should analyze its premium. The premium measures the price gap between futures contract prices and the regular spot market. This indicator is commonly referred to as basis and should indicate a 10% to 20% annualized premium.

The stablecoin lending rate is the main reason behind this discrepancy, as futures participants are withholding settlement by opting for derivatives contracts.

OKEx 3-months ETH futures basis. Source: Skew

The chart above shows that Ether's futures premium peaked at 45% in mid-April and has since normalized near 25%. This data is very encouraging as it signals that there is not extreme optimism despite the Ether price reaching back-to-back all-time highs.

While some analysts will interpret this data as a 'glass half full,' others might say it represents a lack of conviction from professional traders. Regardless of the viewpoint, it is important to account for the impact of the carry trade, which negatively pressures the basis indicator.

Investors aiming for a fixed-income trade will short Ether futures contracts while simultaneously buying spot Ether.

Overall, there seems to be healthy growth in Ether's futures markets, regardless of how one interprets the data.

As for an eventual Bitcoin open interest 'flippening,' this seems a long way from happening. Either way, the overall increase in cryptocurrency derivatives is beneficial for the market.

The views and opinions expressed here are solely those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of Cointelegraph. Every investment and trading move involves risk. You should conduct your own research when making a decision.

Trump administration proposes shifting crypto oversight to CFTC

Bears aim for sub-$60K Bitcoin price ahead of Friday’s $1.1B options expiry

Bitcoin bulls have a $104 million advantage leading into Friday's $1.1 billion options expiry, but a favorable close depends on BTC price reaching $60,000.

Bitcoin (BTC) entirely recovered from its recent drop that saw the price fall to the $53,000 support level. This move back to $57,500 relieved bulls from the negative pressure of the May 7, 3,500 BTC options contract, which represents $200 million in open interest along with a $1.1 billion options expiry.

Today's swift recovery could have been partially driven by the news that New Digital Investment Group (NYDIG) partnered with Fidelity National Information Services (FIS) to create a framework for U.S. banks to offer crypto trading services.

Patrick Sells, the bank solutions chief at NYDIG, told CNBC that several banks have already signed up for the program.

Moreover, a Mastercard survey found that 40% of the 15,500 interview participants intend to use crypto for payments over the next 12 months. Additionally, it reported that 77% of millennials are interested in learning more about cryptocurrency.

Whatever the reason behind Bitcoin's recent price recovery, bulls are now in a much better position for the May 7 options expiry.

The equilibrium in the call-to-put ratio is misleading

May 7 aggregate BTC options open interest. Source: Bybt

Options contract buyers pay the premium upfront and thus face no forceful liquidation risk. On the other hand, the call (buy) option provides its buyer with upside price protection, and the put (sell) does the opposite.

This means traders aiming for neutral-to-bearish strategies will typically rely on put options. On the other hand, call options are more commonly used for bullish positions.

Analysts could easily dismiss Friday's Bitcoin expiry as the put-to-call ratio is flat. This means the neutral-to-bullish and neutral-to-bearish options open interest is balanced. However, these options will expire in less than 38 hours, causing the $65,000 and higher calls to become worthless.

The put options, a right of selling Bitcoin at $48,000 on Friday, are also worthless today. To correctly interpret the potential impact of the May 7 expiry, analysts must exclude the strikes that are too far out from the current price.

Bulls have a $104 million advantage at $57,000

The call (buy) options up to $60,000 total 4,950 contracts ($285 million), and if the price of Bitcoin happens to reach $64,000 on May 7, another 1,620 contracts will boost the call options open interest by $93 million.

Alternatively, the neutral-to-bearish put options add up to 3,150 contracts down to the $54,000 strike. These currently present a $181 million open interest and would be increased by 2,800 contracts down to $50,000. This level would boost put options' open interest by $161 million.

Although bulls have a $104 million advantage leading to Friday's expiry, this number would be greatly reduced at any level below $60,000. As the chart indicates, most call options (1,680 contracts) have been placed at this level.

Therefore, bears have incentives to suppress the price below $60,000. At least until 8:00 AM UTC on May 7.

The views and opinions expressed here are solely those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of Cointelegraph.com. Every investment and trading move involves risk, you should conduct your own research when making a decision.

Trump administration proposes shifting crypto oversight to CFTC

Pro traders buy the Bitcoin price dip while retail investors chase altcoins

Data shows pro traders are heavily accumulating the current dip in Bitcoin price while retail investors are occupied with trading altcoins.

Bitcoin (BTC) has been struggling to sustain the $55,000 support level for the past 16 days, or basically since the April 17 record-high $5 billion long contracts liquidation. The rejection that took place after the $64,900 all-time high had a devastating impact on the sentiment of retail traders, as measured by the perpetual futures funding rate significant drop.

However, despite Bitcoin's recent underperformance and today's 6.5% drop, pro traders have been buying the dip for the past 24 hours. These whales and arbitrage desk movements are reflected in the OKEx futures long-to-short ratio, as well as Bitfinex's margin lending markets. As this buying occurs, retail traders are mainly quiet, which is reflected in the neutral perpetual funding rate.

USDT-margined perpetual futures 8-hour funding rate. Source: Bybt

As depicted above, the perpetual futures (inverse swaps) 8-hour funding rate has been below 0.05% for the past couple of weeks. For the end-of-month contracts, prices vastly differ from regular spot exchanges, reflecting the imbalance from longs and shorts leverage.

This discrepancy is why retail traders tend to prefer perpetual futures, albeit with the varying carry cost caused by the funding rate changes.

The current 8-hour fee is equivalent to a 1% weekly rate, signaling a slight imbalance on longs. However, this level is well below the 0.10% and higher rates seen in early April. This data is clear evidence that retail traders aren't comfortable adding Bitcoin long positions despite the 9% correction in two days.

On the other hand, the top traders' long-to-short indicator reached its highest level in 30 days, signaling buying activity from whales and arbitrage desks. This indicator is calculated by analyzing the client's consolidated position on the spot, perpetual and futures contracts. As a result, it gives a clearer view of whether professional traders are leaning bullish or bearish.

OKEx top traders long-to-short ratio. Source: Bybt

As shown above, the current OKEx futures long-to-short ratio currently favors longs by 94%. This buying activity was initiated in the early hours of May 4, as Bitcoin broke below $55,000. More importantly, it signals even more confidence than April 14, when BTC hiked to its $64,900 all-time high.

However, to confirm whether this movement is widespread, one should also evaluate margin markets. For example, the leading exchange (Bitfinex) holds over $1.8 billion worth of leveraged Bitcoin positions.

BTC price (orange, left) vs. Bitfinex long-to-short margin ratio (blue, right). Source: TradingView

Bitfinex shows spectacular growth in the BTC margin markets with longs over 50x the amount borrowed by shorts. These levels are unprecedented in the exchange's history and confirm the data from OKEx's futures markets.

There's no doubt that professional traders are ultra-bullish despite today's Bitcoin dip. As for the lack of appetite from retail traders, their focus seems to be currently on altcoins.

Currently, 18 of the top 50 altcoins have rallied 45% or higher in the past 30 days.

The question is, can the altcoin rally continue if BTC fails to produce a new all-time high over the next couple of weeks?

The views and opinions expressed here are solely those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of Cointelegraph. Every investment and trading move involves risk. You should conduct your own research when making a decision.

Trump administration proposes shifting crypto oversight to CFTC

Ethereum bulls control 100% of this week’s $470M ETH options expiry

Ether's spectacular rise to $3,300 has rendered all of the bearish put options worthless ahead of this Friday's $470 million expiry.

On May 7, a total of $470 million in Ether (ETH) options are set to expire, and "slaughter" is really the only word that describes what is about to happen to bearish ETH traders.

Currently, almost every single one of the 75,909 put (sell) option contracts will become worthless if Ether manages to remain above $3,100 until Friday 8:00 am UTC.

Ether's growth has been fueled by the growth of decentralized finance (DeFi), which has recently surpassed $60 billion in total value locked, according to DeBank. Yat Siu, chairman and co-founder of Animoca Brands, perfectly described the scene:

"DeFi will shape finance in incredibly fundamental ways. Perhaps the biggest way (including in China) is in financial education."

Siu added:

"Imagine a world where financial inclusion is not just about having a bank account, but about being able to easily and effectively participate in various capital opportunities."

While this may have sounded futuristic one year ago, the Ethereum network opened the doors for these markets in a very short time.

Regarding May 7's options expiry, the neutral-to-bearish puts currently have a $250 million open interest but tend to become worthless as the settlement day approaches.

Ether May 7 aggregate options expiry by strike. Source: Bybt

While the apparent put-to-call ratio favors the more bearish Ether put options by 13%, when analyzing the target price (strike) for those derivatives, the activity above $3,100 is nonexistent. Ether's 55% rally over the past 30 days caught bears by surprise as the protective puts mainly focused on $2,800 and lower.

Bulls, on the other hand, are usually highly optimistic. The call option contracts have a 66,350 open interest, equivalent to $220 million. Currently, 13.5% of those neutral-to-bullish options contracts have strikes of $3,200 and higher.

However, considering that the call options completely dominate above $2,700, bulls have incentives to positively pressure the price as the May 7 deadline approaches. Unlike futures markets, there are few benefits to rolling over contracts that are now almost worthless.

Pricing on Ether put options for May 7. Source: Deribit

As shown above, the $2,450 and lower-strike ETH put options are offered below $10 each. Meanwhile, some of them don't have any bids at all; therefore, for Ether bears, it makes sense to throw in the towel for this week's expiry instead of wasting resources to salvage the poorly cast bets.

For those questioning Ether's current valuation, Cointelegraph recently showed how the cryptocurrency might be less risky than holding traditional dividend-paying stocks such as Roche or Procter & Gamble.

Moreover, the spectacular growth of decentralized applications and daily Ethereum network transfers and transactions should fuel Ether bulls to aim even higher for the end-of-month expiry.

The views and opinions expressed here are solely those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of Cointelegraph. Every investment and trading move involves risk. You should conduct your own research when making a decision.

Trump administration proposes shifting crypto oversight to CFTC

2 key Ethereum price metrics prove pro traders are behind ETH’s new highs

Ethereum futures data suggests that pro traders believe $3,500 ETH is the next stop for the top altcoin.

As Ether (ETH) made a $2,800 all-time on April 29, so did its futures open interest. The $8.5 billion figure marks a 52% monthly increase and shows robust trading activity behind the meteoric price rise.

Some analysts might dismiss Ether derivatives, considering CME's future has $355 million in open interest compared to Bitcoin's $2.4 billion. However, Ether contracts were only launched a couple of months ago. Both FTX and Deribit require 100% full-KYC for their clients, and these markets hold a combined $2 billion in ETH open interest.

Ether futures aggregate open interest, USD. Source: Bybt

To this in perspective, the open interest on silver futures currently stands at $22.6 billion. The precious metal has decades of trading history and a $1.4 trillion market capitalization. However, a simple analysis of the number of outstanding contracts isn't really helpful as these can be used for hedging.

Growth in futures is positive but not a guaranteed bullish indicator

To assess whether the market is leaning bullish, there are a couple of derivatives metrics to review. The first one is the futures premium (also known as basis), which measures the price gap between futures contract prices and the regular spot market.

The 3-month futures should usually trade with a 10% to 20% annualized premium, which should be interpreted as a lending rate.

24-hour average OKEx 3-months ETH futures basis. Source: Skew

As the above chart depicts, ETH's futures premium went berserk in mid-April, peaking at 45% annualized. Although traders' FOMO played a role, this also signaled extreme optimism. While professional traders most frequently use monthly futures contracts, perpetual contracts are the go-to instrument of retail investors.

Retail investors are flat at the moment

Perpetual contracts are also known as inverse swaps, and these contracts have a funding rate usually charged every 8 hours. This fee increases as longs (buyers) use higher leverage, so their accounts get drained little by little. When a retail buying frenzy occurs, the fee can reach up to 5.5% per week.

Ether perpetual futures 8-hour funding rate. Source: Coinalyze.net

As the above chart displays, the 8-hour funding rate recently peaked at 0.18% on April 14, equivalent to 3.8% per week. While this certainly contributed to the highly optimistic monthly futures' basis, the impact has completely faded as the funding rate has been negligent over the past couple of days.

This data suggests that, compared to retail investors, professional traders are more bullish on Ether as the 3-month basis currently stands at 25% per year. This rate is higher than most stablecoin lending services offer, meaning longs (buyers) are willing to pay a premium to keep their positions open.

The views and opinions expressed here are solely those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of Cointelegraph. Every investment and trading move involves risk. You should conduct your own research when making a decision.

Trump administration proposes shifting crypto oversight to CFTC

Bullish ETH/BTC pair revives the Ethereum ‘flippening’ discussion

Bitcoin price is clinging on to $53,000 while Ethereum’s increasing bullish momentum prompted renewed discussions of an ETH flippening.

Bitcoin and the overall cryptocurrency market saw minor losses on April 29 as the market heads into the expiry of $4.2 billion worth of (BTC) options contracts. 

Data from Cointelegraph Markets and TradingView shows that since reaching a high above $56,400 on April 28, the price of Bitcoin has dropped more than 6% back down near the $53,000 support level while Ethereum (ETH) continues to trade above $2,700.

BTC/USDT 4-hour chart. Source: TradingView

Despite the lull in market activity, signs of mainstream cryptocurrency integration continue to emerge on a near-daily basis. Earlier today Coinbase announced that users can now purchase up to $25,000 worth of cryptocurrency per day using their PayPal account.

And it's not just financial institutions that are integrating blockchain technology to help achieve financial objectives. The government of Ethiopia revealed a partnership with Input Output Hong Kong (IOHK), the research and development arm behind Cardano (ADA). The goal of the new partnership is to us blockchain technology to overhaul its education system.

ETH/BTC starts to climb higher

While Bitcoin continues to struggle below the $55,000 resistance level, the ETH/BTC pairing has started climbing higher in a move that was predicted by multiple analysts, including Real Vision CEO Raoul Pal. The bullish movement in the ETH/BTC pair has also reignited conversations about Ether price evetually flipping BTC.

ETH/BTC 4-hour chart. Source: TradingView

According to Élie Le Rest, partner at digital asset management firm ExoAlpha, Ether has been getting stronger against Bitcoin since the end of March with the upcoming upgrade which includes EIP 1559 being “seen as a strong catalyst of the recent ETH bull-run.”

This increased momentum is a signal for Le Rest that the market may be in a “buy the rumor, sell the news configuration that may drive the price up until EIP 1559 is released in July this year.”

Le Rest said: 

"Overall, this Ethereum upgrade is getting closer to ETH 2.0, with features like shifting from a proof-of-work to a proof-of-stake chain including a burning fee mechanism. Those upcoming features are a great incentive for investors to tag along, contributing to ETH's strong recovery against BTC, but it’s still very early to put the flippening topic on the table again.”

A few altcoins make gains

The slumping price of Bitcoin weighed down the wider cryptocurrency market on Thursday with a majority of altcoins experiencing minor losses.

Daily cryptocurrency market performance. Source: Coin360

Some notable exceptions to the pullback include Syscoin (SYS), which at one point spiked 45% to $0.50 and the Binance Smart Chain-based Venus lending platform, whose XVS token rallied 30% to $97.90, just a dollar short of its all-time high.

Waves (WAVES), a multi-purpose blockchain platform, also experienced a 20% surge that lifted the token to a new record high at $23.43.

The overall cryptocurrency market cap now stands at $2.035 trillion and Bitcoin’s dominance rate is 48.8%.

Trump administration proposes shifting crypto oversight to CFTC