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Bitcoin derivatives favor further BTC price rally toward $30K

Bitcoin's price might have held near $28,000 but the absence of shorts using margin and futures markers is a bullish indicator.

Despite regulatory pressure and worsening macroeconomic conditions, Bitcoin (BTC) demonstrated bullishness holding near $28,000 for the past week. Furthermore, professional traders have maintained leveraged long positions on margin and in futures markets, indicating strength.

On the regulatory front, on April 4, the Texas Senate Committee on Business and Commerce agreed to move forward and remove incentives for miners operating within the state's regulatory environment. If passed, Senate Bill 1751 would set a cap on compensation for load reductions on Texas' power grid during emergencies.

Risk of recession grows against rate hikes 

The risk of a recession grew after applications for U.S. unemployment benefits for the week ending March 25 were revised to 246,000, up 48,000 from the initial report.

Furthermore, Kristalina Georgieva, Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), stated on April 6 that economies in the U.S. and Europe should continue to struggle as higher interest rates weigh on demand.

Regarding the banking crisis, Georgieva advised central banks to keep raising interest rates, adding, "concerns remain about vulnerabilities that may be hidden, not just at banks but also non-banks — now is not the time for complacency."

On the other hand, on April 6, St. Louis Federal Reserve President James Bullard downplayed concerns about the impact of financial stress on the economy. Bullard stated that the Fed's reaction to the banking sector's weakness was "swift and appropriate," and that "monetary policy can continue to put downward pressure on inflation."

Let's look at derivatives' metrics to better understand how professional traders are positioned in the current market conditions.

BTC price derivatives reflect traders’ neutral sentiment

Margin markets provide insight into how professional traders are positioned because they allow investors to borrow cryptocurrency to leverage their positions.

For example, one can increase exposure by borrowing stablecoins and buying Bitcoin. On the other hand, borrowers of Bitcoin can only take short bets against BTC/USD.

OKX stablecoin/BTC margin lending ratio. Source: OKX

The chart above shows that OKX traders' margin lending ratio has remained near 28x in favor of BTC longs over the last week. If those whales and market makers had perceived increased risks of a price correction, they would have borrowed Bitcoin for shorting, causing the indicator to fall below 20x.

The top traders' long-to-short net ratio excludes externalities that might have solely impacted the margin markets. Analysts can better understand whether professional traders are leaning bullish or bearish by aggregating the positions on the spot, perpetual and quarterly futures contracts.

Because there are some methodological differences between different exchanges, viewers should focus on changes rather than absolute figures.

Exchange's top traders long-to-short ratio. Source: Coinglass

Between April 1 and April 7, the top traders' long-to-short ratio at Binance slightly declined from 1.17 to 1.09. Meanwhile, at the Huobi exchange, the top traders' long-to-short ratio has stood near 1.0 since March 18. More precisely, the ratio slid from 1.00 on April 1 to 0.95 on April 7, thus relatively balanced between longs and shorts.

Lastly, OKX whales presented a very different pattern as the indicator declined from 1.25 on April 3 to a 0.69 low on April 5, heavily favoring net shorts. Those traders reverted the trend, aggressively buying Bitcoin using leverage for the past two days as the long-to-short ratio returned to 0.97.

Absence of Bitcoin shorts is a bullish indicator

In essence, both the Bitcoin margin and futures markets are currently neutral, which should be interpreted positively given that the Bitcoin price rose 41.5% between March 10 and March 20 and was able to hold the $28,000 level.

Given the enormous regulatory uncertainty caused by the SEC's Wells notice against Coinbase on March 22, the absence of shorts using margin and futures markets currently favors further price appreciation.

Unless the economic crisis unfolds faster than expected, inflation will remain a top concern for investors, and Bitcoin inflows should be enough to keep $28,000 as a resistance level.

The views, thoughts and opinions expressed here are the authors’ alone and do not necessarily reflect or represent the views and opinions of Cointelegraph.

From Premiums to Discounts: Bitcoin’s Wild Ride Splits Global Markets

Crypto market momentum stalls as traders await the results of recent regulatory actions

Crypto’s bullish momentum may stall at the $1.2 trillion total market cap resistance, but traders' newfound caution has not translated to excessive demand for short positions.

Cryptocurrency markets have been trading within an unusually tight 5% range since March 17 as conflicting forces continue to pressure the sector. Consequently, in the past 7 days, the total market capitalization gained 3.8%, which was driven mainly by Bitcoin's (BTC) 3.6% price increase and Ether's (ETH) 5% gain.

Total crypto market cap in USD, 12-hour. Source: TradingView

On March 27, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission sued Binance and Changpeng "CZ" Zhao for allegedly violating trading and derivatives rules, heightening regulatory uncertainty. According to the lawsuit, Binance provided access to leverage for customers trading on the spot and futures markets.

The announcement came just five days after Coinbase received a Wells Notice from the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), which could target the exchange's staking program, listed digital assets, wallet and Coinbase Prime services.

Similar actions occurred outside the U.S., after Japan's Financial Services Agency (FSA) March 31 announcement that several foreign cryptocurrency exchanges, including Binance, Bybit, MEXC Global and Bitget had been operating in the country without proper registration, in violation of the country's laws.

The lateralization trend that began in mid-March has repeatedly tested the crypto market’s $1.14 trillion market capitalization support. The movement suggests that investors are hesitant to place new bets until more information on the lawsuits against Binance and Coinbase is available.

Risk markets benefited from the inflationary pressure

The global banking crisis forced the Federal Reserve to use two different emergency lending programs. As a result, the Swiss National Bank provided more than $100 billion in liquidity to absorb the impact of Credit Suisse and its subsequent sale to UBS. Stocks and commodities have benefited as traditional finance investors seek alternatives to protect against inflation.

Stocks and commodities have benefited as traditional finance investors seek alternatives to protect against inflation. Since March 15, the S&P 500 index has risen 6.6%, gold has risen 4.6%, and oil prices have gained 18.6%. As a result, there are compelling arguments for both an upward and downward trend within the lateral channel which currently limits crypto's total capitalization at $1.2 trillion.

Derivatives show mixed trends, but no use of excessive leverage

Perpetual contracts, also known as inverse swaps, have an embedded rate that is usually charged every eight hours. Exchanges use this fee to avoid exchange risk imbalances.

A positive funding rate indicates that longs (buyers) demand more leverage. However, the opposite situation occurs when shorts (sellers) require additional leverage, causing the funding rate to turn negative.

Perpetual futures accumulated 7-day funding rate on April 3. Source: Coinglass

The seven-day funding rate for Bitcoin and Ether was neutral, indicating balanced demand from leverage longs (buyers) and shorts (sellers) using perpetual futures contracts.

Traders can gauge the market's sentiment by measuring whether more activity is going through call (buy) options or put (sell) options. Generally speaking, call options are used for bullish strategies, whereas put options are for bearish ones.

A 0.70 put-to-call ratio indicates that put options open interest lags the more bullish calls and is, therefore, bullish. In contrast, a 1.40 indicator favors put options, which can be deemed bearish.

BTC options volume put-to-call ratio. Source: Laevitas.ch

The put-to-call ratio for Bitcoin options volume increased to its highest level since March 9, indicating an excess of demand for neutral-to-bearish puts. This is the inverse of what happened on April 1, when call options were in higher demand.

Related: Unwinding the hyperbole: Are US-based crypto firms really being ‘choked’?

Traders are pricing low odds of a break above $1.2 trillion

The market is pricing higher odds of downside in the derivatives market. However, given the balanced demand on futures markets, traders are hesitant to place additional bets until regulators' actions are clearer. It is unclear whether the total market capitalization will be able to break through the $1.2 trillion barrier, but professional traders are not currently betting on it.

From a derivatives market perspective, traders are pricing higher odds of downside. However, considering the balanced demand on futures markets, investors are uncomfortable placing further bets until there's a clearer picture of regulators' actions.

Uncertainty exists as to whether the total market capitalization will be able to surpass the $1.2 trillion barrier, but professional traders are currently not betting on this outcome.

The views, thoughts and opinions expressed here are the authors’ alone and do not necessarily reflect or represent the views and opinions of Cointelegraph.

This article does not contain investment advice or recommendations. Every investment and trading move involves risk, and readers should conduct their own research when making a decision.

From Premiums to Discounts: Bitcoin’s Wild Ride Splits Global Markets

Ethereum bulls ignore regulatory action against exchanges by preparing for the Shapella hard fork

ETH investors appear unconcerned about the regulatory challenges facing the crypto market and are instead selecting to focus on the network’s next upgrade.

For the past twelve days, the price of Ether (ETH) has been trading in a narrow descending range. Surprisingly, not even the news of Binance and Changpeng "CZ" Zhao being sued by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) was enough to break the support level. 

Ether (ETH) price index in USD, 12-hour. Source: TradingView

The lawsuit, filed on March 27, claimed that Binance provided derivatives trading services to U.S.-based customers without first obtaining a derivatives license. Additionally, the US Securities and Exchange Commission served Coinbase with a Wells notice on March 22.

Even if traders saw no reason to reduce their Ether positions due to increased regulatory risk, Binance holds 35% of the open interest in Ether futures. Therefore, if traders are suddenly compelled to liquidate their positions or if there is a sudden reduction in liquidity after U.S. entities are effectively barred from Binance's markets, one should anticipate a significant impact on Ether derivatives markets.

One could point to the market's resiliency after BitMEX derivatives exchange lost its longtime market share advantage following a 30-minute outage in March 2020 during a Bitcoin crash. However, there is no way to predict the outcome of the regulators' case against Binance, so it would be naive to assume that there is a zero percent chance of a service interruption — even if it means clients can close positions and withdraw assets.

Instead of focusing solely on the ETH price, it is essential to closely monitor Ether derivatives to understand how professional traders will react.

ETH derivatives show increased demand for longs

In healthy markets, the annualized two-month futures premium should trade between 5% and 10% to cover associated costs and risks. However, when the contract trades at a discount (backwardation) relative to traditional spot markets, it indicates traders' lack of confidence and is regarded as a bearish indicator.

Ether 2-month futures annualized premium. Source: Laevitas.ch

On March 29, derivatives traders using futures contracts became slightly more bullish as the indicator moved to 4%. The futures premium reached its highest level in four weeks, despite remaining below the 5% neutral threshold. Those traders became even more confident that the market structure would remain stable.

Still, the increasing demand for leverage longs (bulls) does not necessarily translate to an expectation of positive price action. Consequently, traders should analyze Ether's options markets to understand how whales and market makers are pricing the odds of future price movements.

Related: SEC chief Gary Gensler to face Congress grilling over crypto policy

Option traders are unfazed by regulators’ actions

The 25% delta skew is a telling sign when market makers and arbitrage desks are overcharging for upside or downside protection.

In bear markets, options investors give higher odds for a price dump, causing the skew indicator to rise above 8%. On the other hand, bullish markets tend to drive the skew metric below -8%, meaning the bearish put options are in less demand.

Ether 60-day options 25% delta skew: Source: Laevitas.ch

The delta skew indicator has been neutral since March 22, indicating similar pricing for upside and downside options. However, given that Ether’s price is nearing its highest level in seven months, at $1,800, one would expect the protective put options to trade at a premium — which is not the case.

Given the increased regulatory pressure on Coinbase and Binance, it is clear that the derivatives markets are signaling confidence. The bullish momentum for Ether could also be linked to the Shapella fork being confirmed for April 12. Validators will be able to withdraw their ETH coins from the Beacon Chain once the Ethereum Improvement Proposal EIP-4895 becomes active.

Options and futures markets indicate that professional traders are unconcerned about regulators' actions against Binance and Coinbase. Those who believe the descending channel pattern will break to the upside have a solid claim.

This article does not contain investment advice or recommendations. Every investment and trading move involves risk, and readers should conduct their own research when making a decision.

The views, thoughts and opinions expressed here are the authors’ alone and do not necessarily reflect or represent the views and opinions of Cointelegraph.

From Premiums to Discounts: Bitcoin’s Wild Ride Splits Global Markets

Bitcoin bulls remain bullish, but macro and crypto-specific hurdles have BTC pinned below $30K

All the pieces are in place for BTC to rally to $30,000, but escalating economic uncertainty and regulatory pressure add strength to the key resistance level.

On March 23, Bitcoin (BTC) price recovered the $28,000 support after a brief correction below $27,000. The movement closely tracked the traditional financial sector, particularly the tech-heavy Nasdaq Index, which gained 2.1% as Bitcoin surpassed the $28,000 threshold.

On March 22, the Federal Reserve raised its benchmark interest rate by 0.25% but hinted that it is nearing its maximum level for 2023. In the end, however, Fed Chair Jerome Powell stated that it is too soon to determine the extent of the tighter credit conditions, so monetary policy will remain flexible.

Initially, it appears encouraging that the central bank is less inclined to increase the cost of money. However, global economies are exhibiting signs of stress. For instance, consumer confidence in the euro area decreased by 19.2% in March, reversing five consecutive months of gains and defying economists’ predictions of an improvement.

The recession is still putting pressure on companies’ profits and leading to layoffs. For example, on March 23, professional services company Accenture said it would end the contracts of 19,000 workers over the next 18 months. On March 22, the company Indeed, which helps people find jobs, let go of 2,200 workers, or 15% of its staff.

The stronger the correlation to traditional markets, the less likely a decoupling. As a result, according to futures and margin markets, the Bitcoin price increase has not instilled much confidence in professional traders.

Bulls and bears exhibit a balanced demand on margin markets

Margin trading allows investors to borrow cryptocurrency to leverage their trading position, potentially increasing their returns. For example, one can buy Bitcoin by borrowing Tether (USDT), thus increasing their crypto exposure. On the other hand, borrowing Bitcoin can only be used to bet on a price decline.

Unlike futures contracts, the balance between margin longs and shorts isn’t necessarily matched. When the margin lending ratio is high, it indicates that the market is bullish. The opposite, a low lending ratio, signals that the market is bearish.

OKX USDT/BTC margin lending ratio. Source: OKX

On March 15, the margin markets longs-to-short indicator at the OKX exchange peaked at 60, but by March 17, it had fallen to 22. This indicates that during the rally, reckless leverage was not used. Historically, levels above 40 indicate a highly imbalanced demand favoring longs.

The indicator is currently at 19, indicating a balanced situation given the high cost of borrowing U.S. dollars (or stablecoins) to short BTC, which stands at 15%.

Long-to-short data shows reduced demand for leverage longs

The top traders’ long-to-short net ratio excludes externalities that might have solely impacted the margin markets. Analysts can better understand whether professional traders are leaning bullish or bearish by aggregating the positions on the spot, perpetual and quarterly futures contracts.

There are occasional methodological discrepancies between different exchanges, so viewers should monitor changes instead of absolute figures.

Related: Bitcoin likely to outperform all crypto assets following banking crisis, analyst explains

Exchange's top traders long-to-short ratio. Source: Coinglass

Between March 18 and March 22, the top traders’ long-to-short ratio at OKX increased, peaking at 1.09, but reversed course on March 23. The indicator is currently at its lowest level in 11 days, at 0.76. Meanwhile, at the Huobi exchange, the top traders’ long-to-short ratio has stood flat near 1.0 since March 18.

Lastly, Binance whales have consistently been reducing their leverage longs since March 17. More precisely, the ratio dropped from 1.36 to 1.09 on March 23, its lowest level in 11 days.

As Bitcoin has gained 13% since March 16, margin and futures markets indicate that whales and market makers were ill-prepared. This may initially appear bearish, but if the $28,000 support level holds, professional traders will likely be compelled to add long positions, further accelerating the bullish momentum.

Bitcoin derivatives ultimately exhibit no signs of stress. Not having excessive leverage on long positions is positive, and bears did not dare to add short positions. Nonetheless, recession risks and growing regulatory uncertainty, such as the United States Securities and Exchange Commission‘s Wells notice against the Coinbase exchange on March 22, will likely keep the price of Bitcoin below $30,000 for a while.

The views, thoughts and opinions expressed here are the authors’ alone and do not necessarily reflect or represent the views and opinions of Cointelegraph.

This article does not contain investment advice or recommendations. Every investment and trading move involves risk, and readers should conduct their own research when making a decision.

From Premiums to Discounts: Bitcoin’s Wild Ride Splits Global Markets

Betting on turmoil: Deribit launches Bitcoin volatility futures

Volatility products are popular with traditional investors, as they enable portfolio hedging, risk management and speculation.

Crypto derivatives exchange Deribit will soon launch Bitcoin (BTC) volatility futures, giving investors a direct way to measure and trade BTC market volatility. 

On March 17, Deribit introduced BTC DVOL futures — a derivatives contract built on the Deribit Bitcoin Volatility Index, which measures the implied volatility of the largest cryptocurrency. Deribit’s volatility gauge provides a 30-day outlook on investors’ expectations for annualized volatility.

Like other volatility products, BTC DVOL can potentially help traders with risk management, portfolio hedging or market speculation.

Volatility-as-an-asset is widely traded in traditional finance, with the most popular product being the Chicago Board Options Exchange Volatility Index, also known as VIX. The VIX fluctuates on a scale of 1-100, with 20 representing the historical average. Readings below 20 signal lower implied volatility than the historical mean. Readings above 20 are usually associated with more turbulent financial conditions; anything above 30 signals significant market volatility, usually due to uncertainty, risk, or investor fear.

VIX measures the volatility of S&P 500 Index options, a leading indicator of the U.S. stock market.

Traditional markets have battled extreme volatility over the past 12 months, marked by major fluctuations in the S&P 500 Index and broader stock market. Source: Yahoo Finance.

Bitcoin and the broader crypto markets have exhibited extreme volatility over the past 12 months. The period known as crypto winter is usually associated with deep corrections in digital asset prices following an over-extended bullish phase.

Related: Crypto acted as safe haven amid SVB and Signature bank run: Cathie Wood

Although crypto investment products experienced record outflows last week following the collapse of Silicon Valley Bank and Signature Bank, regulatory clarity on investor deposits has helped Bitcoin stage a large relief rally. Bitcoin’s price crossed $27,000 on March 17 for the first time in over nine months.

From Premiums to Discounts: Bitcoin’s Wild Ride Splits Global Markets

Bitcoin returns to $25K as Credit Suisse bailout precedes EU rate hike move

A day of important macroeconomic news both in the U.S. and Europe sees BTC price action circling the all-important $25,000 zone.

Bitcoin (BTC) rebounded for a fresh challenge of $25,000 on March 16 ahead of a key interest rate decision in Europe.

BTC/USD 1-hour candle chart (Bitstamp). Source: TradingView

Credit Suisse stock up 40% after "decisive action"

Data from Cointelegraph Markets Pro and TradingView showed BTC/USD gaining almost $1,000 versus overnight lows of $24,229 on Bitstamp.

The pair remained buoyant as news hit that Switzerland’s central bank was due to inject $50 billion Swiss francs ($53.8 billion) into the embattled Credit Suisse, shares of which added 40% on the day.

“These measures demonstrate decisive action to strengthen Credit Suisse as we continue our strategic transformation to deliver value to our clients and other stakeholders," CEO Ulrich Koerner stated in a press release.

While averting potential catastrophe, the move came in for criticism ahead of a day full of economic maneuvers in both Europe and the United States.

“When Swiss banks need bailouts to survive it’s probably a decent time to think about buying,” trader, analyst and podcast host Scott Melker, known as “The Wolf of all Streets,” commented.

Uncertainty over European economic policy nonetheless remained, with the European Central Bank (ECB) due to decide on how much — if at all — interest rates should rise next.

Just like the Federal Reserve in the U.S., the ECB is caught between alleviating bank stress and keeping a lid on inflation. The day’s hike was previously due to be 50 basis points.

Twitter macro analytics account Tedtalksmacro noted that Bitcoin might already be falling behind equities markets based on the prior day’s performance.

In the U.S., the topic of interest was jobless claims, with analysts hoping for an overshoot of expectations to bolster the chances of the Fed pivoting on its own rate hike program.

“We are looking for a hot Jobless reports to start plotting an uptrend in Jobless claims. Getting it would increase the probability of the FED pausing rate hikes this month,” on-chain monitoring resource Material Indicators wrote in part of Twitter commentary.

Cointelegraph contributor Michaël van de Poppe, founder and CEO of trading firm Eight, said the jobs data constituted a “big day.”

“Last week we've seen the largest jump since October, would be wondering whether we'll be seeing continuation of that rise, which might mean we'll have higher unemployment numbers,” he added.

Analysts see encouraging Bitcoin market strength

With that, traders were biding their time to gauge the impact of macroeconomic shifts, with BTC/USD still in a narrower trading range.

Related: Bitcoin to $100K next? Analyst eyes ‘textbook perfect’ BTC price move

"Same update as I was looking at yesterday guys," popular trader Crypto Tony wrote in his latest update on the day.

"$23,400 stop loss on my existing long position, and looking for shorts if we begin to lose the $22,600 support zone Until the sort of stuck in a sideways motion."
BTC/USD annotated chart. Source: Crypto Tony/ Twitter

"BTC Grinding up while spot premium is increasing," a cautiously optimistic Daan Crypto Trades meanwhile noted while eyeing derivatives data.

"Funding rates already flipping below baseline or into the negative across the board. Looks healthy."
BTC/USD derivatives data. Source: Daan Crypto Trades/ Twitter

Popular commentator Byzantine General meanwhile entertained the prospect of future BTC price dips being "very shallow."

"Price keeps hugging upper range, perps basis already completely reset, futs basis still hovering around zero and there are lots of spot bids that don't seem to be going anywhere," he agreed.

The views, thoughts and opinions expressed here are the authors’ alone and do not necessarily reflect or represent the views and opinions of Cointelegraph.

From Premiums to Discounts: Bitcoin’s Wild Ride Splits Global Markets

Bitcoin futures premium falls to lowest level in a year, triggering traders’ alerts

On March 12, Bitcoin futures traded 5.5% below regular spot exchanges, causing volatility in derivatives markets.

The price of Bitcoin (BTC) increased by 14.4% between March 12-13 after it was confirmed that financial regulators had rescued depositors in the failing Silicon Valley Bank (SVB). The intraday high of $24,610 may not have lasted long, but $24,000 represents a 45% increase year-to-date.

On March 12, U.S. Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen, Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell, and Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) Chair Martin Gruenberg issued a joint statement to reassure SVB depositors.

Regulators also announced a systemic risk exception for Signature Bank (SBNY), an intervention designed to compensate depositors for losses incurred by the previous management. Signature Bank was one of the most prominent financial institutions serving the cryptocurrency industry, alongside Silvergate Bank, which announced its voluntary liquidation last week.

To avert a larger crisis, the Fed and Treasury devised an emergency program to supplement all deposits at Signature Bank and Silicon Valley Bank with funds from the Fed's emergency lending authority. According to the regulators' joint statement, "no losses will be borne by the taxpayer," although the strategy for deploying Treasury assets is questionable.

The stablecoin USD Coin (USDC) also caused significant turmoil in the cryptocurrency industry after breaking below its 1:1 peg with the U.S. dollar on March 10. The fear grew after the issuing management company Circle confirmed that $3.3 billion in reserves were held at Silicon Valley Bank.

Such an unusual movement caused price distortion across exchanges, prompting Binance and Coinbase to disable the automatic conversion of the USDC stablecoin. The decoupling from $1 bottomed near $0.87 in the early hours of March 11 and was restored to $0.98 after FDIC's successful intervention in SVB was confirmed.

Let's take a look at Bitcoin derivatives metrics to see where professional traders stand in the current market.

Bitcoin futures metrics flipped to extreme fear

Bitcoin quarterly futures are popular among whales and arbitrage desks. These fixed-month contracts typically trade at a slight premium to spot markets, indicating that sellers are asking for more money to delay settlement for a longer period.

As a result, futures contracts in healthy markets should trade at a 5% to 10% annualized premium — a situation known as contango, which is not unique to crypto markets.

Bitcoin 3-month futures annualized premium. Source: Laevitas.ch

The chart shows traders had been neutral-to-bearish until March 10 as the basis indicator oscillated between 2.5% and 5%. However, the situation quickly changed in the early hours of March 11 as the stablecoin USDC decoupled, and cryptocurrency exchanges were forced to change their conversion mechanisms.

Consequently, the Bitcoin 3-month futures premium turned into a discount, otherwise known as backwardation. Such movement is highly unusual and reflects investors' lack of trust in intermediaries or extreme pessimism towards the underlying asset. Even as the USDC stablecoin price approaches $0.995, the current 0% premium indicates a lack of leverage buying demand for Bitcoin via futures instruments.

Related: Crypto investment products see largest outflows on record amid SVB collapse

Crypto-fiat gateways are key to reclaiming improved market dynamics

By reclaiming the $24,000 support, Bitcoin has restored levels unseen since the Silvergate Bank stock price collapse on March 1 after the delayed filings of its annual 10-K financial report. Moreover, crypto exchanges and stablecoin providers were forced to suspend U.S. dollar deposits, with the closure of Signature Bank affecting OKCoin.

Banking options for crypto firms, including exchanges, are likely to become more limited as traditional banks remain wary of the sector. According to some analysts, U.S. regulators are purposefully discouraging major banks from doing business with cryptocurrency exchanges.

Fiat gateway on and off ramps are critical for stablecoins, market markers, and cryptocurrency exchanges for a variety of reasons. The ability to convert Bitcoin to cash and vice versa is critical for their day-to-day operations, so the longer it takes to find new banking partners, the more difficult it is for stablecoins to allow redemptions and exchanges in order to maintain a high level of liquidity.

Derivatives metrics may have recovered from the initial banking crisis contagion risk, but they still indicate Bitcoin bulls' lack of confidence in a long-term recovery.

The views, thoughts and opinions expressed here are the authors’ alone and do not necessarily reflect or represent the views and opinions of Cointelegraph.

From Premiums to Discounts: Bitcoin’s Wild Ride Splits Global Markets

Ethereum price action and derivatives data confirm bears are currently in control

Investors are unwilling to add long positions, as the Shanghai fork is expected to unlock a significant amount of ETH over a short period.

The price of Ether (ETH) declined 6% between March 2 and 3, followed by tight-range trading near $1,560. Still, analyzing a wider time frame provides no clear trend, as its chart can point to a descending channel or a slightly longer seven-week bullish pattern.

Ether (ETH) price index in USD, 1-day. Source: TradingView

Ether’s recent lack of volatility can be partially explained by the upcoming Shanghai hard fork, an implementation aimed at allowing ETH staking withdrawals. Those participants were each required to lock 32 ETH on the Beacon Chain to support the network consensus protocol.

After a series of delays, typical for changes in the production environment, the Shanghai Capella upgrade — also known as Shapella — is expected for early April, according to Ethereum core developer and project coordinator Tim Beiko. The Goerli testnet upgrade on March 14 will be the final rehearsal for the Shanghai hard fork before it is rolled out on the mainnet.

Recession risks increase, favoring ETH bears

On the macroeconomic front, United States Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell testified before the Senate Banking Committee on March 7. Powell stated that interest rates will likely rise higher than anticipated after “the latest economic data have come in stronger than expected.”

Evidence points to the Fed lipping behind the inflation curve, boosting the odds of harder-than-expected interest rate increases and asset sales by the monetary authority. For instance, an inflation “surprise” index from Citigroup rose in February for the first time in more than 12 months.

For risk assets, including cryptocurrencies, a more substantial move by the Fed typically implies a bearish scenario, as investors seek shelter in fixed income and the U.S. dollar. This shift becomes more pronounced in a recessionary environment, which many speculate is either coming or already here.

The regulatory environment is adding additional pressure for cryptocurrency firms, especially after U.S. Press Secretary Karine Jean-Pierre said the White House has noted that the crypto-friendly bank Silvergate had “experienced significant issues” in recent months.

Let’s look at Ether derivatives data to understand if the $1,560 level is likely to become a support or resistance.

ETH derivatives show reduced demand for longs

The annualized three-month futures premium should trade between 5% and 10% in healthy markets to cover costs and associated risks. However, when the contract trades at a discount (known as “backwardation”) versus traditional spot markets, it shows a lack of confidence from traders and is deemed a bearish indicator.

Ether 3-month futures annualized premium. Source: Laevitas

The chart above shows that derivatives traders became slightly uncomfortable as the Ether futures premium (on average) moved to 3.1% on March 7, down from 4.9% one week prior. More importantly, the indicator became more distant from the 5% neutral-to-bullish mark.

Still, the declining demand for leverage longs (bulls) does not necessarily translate to an expectation of adverse price action. Consequently, traders should analyze Ether’s options markets to understand how whales and market makers are pricing the odds of future price movements.

The 25% delta skew is a telling sign th market makers and arbitrage desks are overcharging for upside or downside protection.

In bear markets, options investors give higher odds for a price dump, causing the skew indicator to rise above 10%. On the other hand, bullish markets tend to drive the skew metric below -10%, meaning the bearish put options are in less demand.

Ether 30-day options 25% delta skew: Source: Laevitas

The delta skew moved above the bearish 10% threshold on March 4, signaling stress from professional traders. A brief improvement happened on March 7, although the metric continues to flirt with bearish expectations as options traders place higher costs on protective put options.

Investors basing their decisions on fundamentals will likely look to the first couple of weeks following the Shanghai upgrade to measure the potential impact of the ETH unlock. Ultimately, options and futures markets signal that pro traders are less inclined to add long positions, giving higher odds for $1,560 becoming a resistance level in the coming weeks.

This article does not contain investment advice or recommendations. Every investment and trading move involves risk, and readers should conduct their own research when making a decision.

The views, thoughts and opinions expressed here are the authors’ alone and do not necessarily reflect or represent the views and opinions of Cointelegraph.

From Premiums to Discounts: Bitcoin’s Wild Ride Splits Global Markets

Key Bitcoin price metrics point to BTC downside below $22.5K

BTC’s $1,420 decline in the span of 1-hour negatively impacted demand for stablecoins in Asia and it shifted futures traders into a more defensive attitude.

Bitcoin (BTC) faced a 1-hour $1,420 pullback on March 3 following Silvergate Bank's 57.7% stock crash which was due to significant losses and "suboptimal capitalization." The U.S. fintech-friendly bank was a key financial infrastructure provider for exchanges, institutional investors and mining companies and some investors are worried that its potential demise could have wide-ranging negative impacts on the crypto sector.

The crypto-friendly bank discontinued its digital asset payment railway — Silvergate Exchange Network (SEN) — citing excessive risks. Silvergate also reportedly borrowed $3.6 billion from the U.S. Federal Home Loan Banks System, a consortium of regional banks and lenders, to mitigate the effects of a surge in withdrawals.

Among the impacted exchanges was Dubai-based Bybit, which announced the suspension of U.S. dollar transfers after March 10. The move follows Binance's international platform, suspending U.S. dollar fiat withdrawals and deposits on Feb. 6.

Fiat on and off ramps have always been a troublesome area due to the lack of a clear regulatory environment, especially in the U.S. Additional uncertainty came from the Wall Street Journal's March 3 report on iFinex, the holding company behind Tether and Bitfinex. Leaked documents and emails revealed the group relied on fake sales invoices and hid behind third parties to open bank accounts.

Despite a Wall Street Journal report alleging that Tether is being investigated by the Department of Justice, (USDT) is still the absolute leading stablecoin with a $71.4 billion market capitalization. The issue has spread across the industry as Paxos, the issuer of the third largest stablecoin, was ordered by the New York Department of Financial Services on Feb. 13 to stop issuing Binance USD (BUSD).

Let's look at Bitcoin derivatives metrics to better understand how professional traders are positioned in the current market conditions.

Derivatives metrics show buyers' shrinking appetite

Traders should refer to the USD Coin (USDC) premium to measure the demand for cryptocurrency in Asia. The index measures the difference between China-based peer-to-peer stablecoin trades and the United States dollar.

Excessive cryptocurrency buying demand can pressure the indicator above fair value at 104%. On the other hand, the stablecoin's market offer is flooded during bearish markets, causing a 4% or higher discount.

USDC peer-to-peer vs. USD/CNY. Source: OKX

The USDC premium indicator in Asian markets has been slightly positive for the past three weeks but it is nowhere near the substantial 4% premium from early January. In addition, the metric shows weakening demand for stablecoin in Asia, which is down from 2.5% in the previous week.

Still, the present 1.5% premium should be interpreted as positive considering the bearish newsflow regarding the crypto-fiat payment railways.

Bitcoin's quarterly futures are the preferred instruments of whales and arbitrage desks. These fixed-month contracts usually trade at a slight premium to spot markets, indicating that sellers are requesting more money to withhold settlement longer.

Consequently, futures contracts should trade at a 5% to 10% annualized premium on healthy markets — this situation is known as contango and is not exclusive to crypto markets.

Bitcoin 3-month futures annualized premium. Source: Laevitas.ch

The chart shows traders abandoned any prospects of exiting the neutral-to-bearish area on March 3 as the basis indicator moved away from the 5% threshold. However, the current 3% premium is lower than last week's 4.5%, reflecting fewer investors' optimism.

On the bright side, the 6.2% drop in BTC price had a near unevental impact on Bitcoin futures markets. Higher demand for bearish bets using leverage would have moved the basis indicator to the negative area, known as backwardation.

Additional volatility is expected on March 14

In the week following Feb. 27, Bitcoin price lost 4.5%, indicating that investors are effectively worried about contagion from Silvergate Bank. Even if the crypto exchanges and stablecoin providers denied exposure to the troubled fintech, the cut-off from the fintech's payment processing system has raised uncertainty.

Analysts are now focused on the announcement of the Consumer Price Index (CPI) inflation data on March 14. Cointelegraph noted that CPI prints tend to spark short-term volatility across risk assets, although often short-lived in Bitcoin's price movements.

Derivatives metrics currently point to limited pressure from the Silvergate Bank saga, but the odds favor Bitcoin bears considering the diminishing demand for stablecoins in Asia and the BTC futures' premium.

The views, thoughts and opinions expressed here are the authors’ alone and do not necessarily reflect or represent the views and opinions of Cointelegraph.

This article does not contain investment advice or recommendations. Every investment and trading move involves risk, and readers should conduct their own research when making a decision.

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