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Cardano upgrade delays tied to ‘boring’ academic approach — CEO

Cardano Foundation CEO Frederik Gregaard told Cointelegraph that the pieces of research that the network has “spent years of doing and implementing” are already being used by some of the fast-moving blockchain platforms.

Cardano has come under fire from critics for delays in the rollout of features and network upgrades. This slower-paced cadence, however, appears to be a badge of honor to Cardano Foundation CEO Frederick Gregaard, who said that the network is “boring,” considering the platform’s academic approach.

“Cardano is boring. We are boring because we are based on academic peer-reviewed papers, [and] we are sharing that across the globe,” Gregaard told Cointelegraph on the sidelines of the recent Cardano Summit in Dubai.

Cardano Foundation CEO Frederik Gregaard (right) with Cointelegraph Arabic reporter Hermi De Ramos (left) at the Cardano Summit in Dubai. Source: Cointelegraph

The executive pointed out that the pieces of research that Cardano has “spent years of doing and implementing” are already being used by some of the fast-moving blockchain platforms, which he feels “incredibly proud” of:

“If they take some of the core principles we’ve researched and invented, this is good for the earth… [and] humanity at large because this makes more resilient, more adaptable blockchains around the world.”

Gregaard added that the trend is also important with the increasing adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) that would require the industry to have computable data. He added:

“I say, ‘Sorry, we are boring.’ But we are one of the oldest projects. We are very big… We are the one who has the most changes on GitHub, and we have not been down for over 2000 days… Boring sometimes is good.”

Cardano’s recent significant updates, including the layer-2 scalability solution Hydra in May and the stake-based multisignature protocol Mithril in July, resulted in network upticks following their launch. More recently, in the third quarter of 2023, while Cardano’s decentralized finance (DeFi) activity remained flat, its total value locked (TVL) was up 198% year-to-date, data from blockchain analytics firm Messari shows. The network’s TVL, which ranked 34th at the beginning of the year, now sits at 15th among all the networks reviewed.

As the ecosystem prepares for the upcoming Voltaire, the final era of the Cardano roadmap that focuses on decentralized governance, Gregaard said the ecosystem’s aspiration levels on on-chain governance “is way higher than other projects,” but they try to take the learnings from other networks, including MakerDAO. He said:

“This is about capturing the essence of the vision and mission and the culture of Cardano. I think the discussion about how much you can push on-chain and off-chain is probably even more relevant.”

The executive added that Cardano will continue conducting workshops next year, where the community will be able to “verify, validate and contribute to a constitutional document.”

CIP-1694 abstract. Source: 1694.io

The workshop details, as shown above, are aligned with the Cardano Improvement Proposal 1694 (CIP-1694).

Tribalism in crypto

The Cardano ecosystem has been known in the space for having a strong community. However, similar to other projects in the decentralized realm, it has not been spared from controversies surrounding crypto tribalism — a phenomenon that has fragmented the industry.

Gregaard sees it as a strength, saying that a public, permissionless blockchain needs a large community across all the infrastructure, including the value capture layer. He added that they continue to add to this community, claiming they have recorded over 200,000 new noncustodial wallets in a bear market.

The executive also said that the “best work” in the space happened in second and third-generation blockchains founded by known figures, suggesting that people follow projects due to the “legacy” behind them.

Ethereum co-founders Charles Hoskinson and Gavin Wood, for instance, left the second-generation blockchain and started their own platforms, namely Cardano and Polkadot, respectively.

“Some of it is also nearly emotions and politics, but that’s when it’s good to have somebody like Cardano Foundation because we are nonprofit. We are not directed by any founders,” Gregaard explained.

“What a lot of people don’t realize is that this tribalism is sort of watering out a little bit, as we more and more see the scope and the impact and, more importantly, the importance of what blockchain can bring to the world order and society at large,” he added.

What lies ahead

According to Gregaard, Cardano will continue following its current path toward becoming a stable network, which will involve a series of hard forks and the enactment of CIP-1694.

“We will change the core governance principles or the execution of the governance while still staying true to the vision. I think you will see multi-party computation, ZK-rollups and a lot of other things.”

The executive added that he expects many nation-states to use Cardano not just in financial markets but also in international trade industry and voting, among other things. He also anticipates the maturity of the application landscape of the network.

Magazine: Slumdog billionaire 2: ‘Top 10… brings no satisfaction’ says Polygon’s Sandeep Nailwal

Zimbabwe Devalues Gold-Backed Currency by 44%

Binance CEO, Coinbase exec feature in Masterclass crypto crash-course

Industry experts and one skeptical economist tackle the world of crypto, blockchain and Web3 in a new series from online learning platform Masterclass.

For the uninitiated, the world of cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology can be daunting, confusing and difficult to comprehend. Three industry experts and a skeptical economist explore the past, present and future of the burgeoning technology in a new online learning series.

Masterclass is a web-based education platform that offers “classes” from subject matter experts in their respective spheres of influence. You can learn how to cook with Gordon Ramsay, explore the art of acting with Natalie Portman or master the tennis racket with Serena Williams.

Its newly launched series on cryptocurrencies, blockchain and Web3 technology follows in the same vein. Binance CEO Changpeng “CZ” Zhao, A16z general partner Chris Dixon, Coinbase president Emilie Choi and Nobel laureate economist Paul Krugman tackle the ins and outs of the subject that is gradually transforming the way we transact and use the internet.

Cointelegraph was offered exclusive access to the series which starts off with an introduction to cryptocurrencies and a macro view of blockchain technology’s inception. In typical Masterclass style, the episodes are superbly produced, with the trusty experts giving anecdotes and answering the most pertinent questions of newcomers to the space.

Zhao encapsulates the evolution of the technology by highlighting how the internet allowed humanity to transfer information, while blockchain builds upon that by powering the transfer of value. Meanwhile, Choi provided a more pertinent insight, pressing home the power of decentralization in giving control back to individuals:

“Crypto is by default inclusive as long as you have some sort of internet connection. This is particularly powerful for people who have been locked out of the traditional financial system.”

Dixon is also a prominent voice through the series, lending his expertise as a technology entrepreneur and prominent cryptocurrency and Web3 evangelist. His introductory thoughts in the series set the tone for the overarching theme of Web3’s influence on the ever-evolving internet: “The big question now is how will those new networks in the next year of the internet be created, who will own them, who will control them and who will make the money.”

The history of crypto — Rooted in Bitcoin

Zhao takes a central role as Masterclass covers the history of cryptocurrency. Rooted in cryptography and the need to solve the Byzantine General’s Problem, Zha unpacks these concepts before touching on the enigma that is Bitcoin’s (BTC) pseudonymous creator Satoshi Nakamoto.

With the 2008 financial crisis as a trigger point, the CEO points to the publication of the Bitcoin white paper as a seminal moment for the cryptocurrency and Web3 landscape that we know and use today. The famous Bitcoin pizza is also featured, given its importance as the first commercial transaction using Bitcoin.

The development of Ethereum is another focal point as a means for entrepreneurs to enter the cryptocurrency ecosystem thanks to smart contract functionality and the ability to issue ERC-20 tokens.

The concept and appeal of “freedom” are touched on by both Zhao and Dixon, with the former pointing to this aspect being desirable to both libertarians and “hardcore anarchists.” Dixon wraps up the class by quoting writer William Gibson: 

“The future is already here, it’s just not evenly distributed.”

His belief is that crypto is still a grassroots internet and technology movement. But tech companies and financial institutions don’t like it, which puts paid to the quote above.

Web3: Read, write and own

Web3 is becoming a ubiquitous concept, but the influence of cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology may well be lost on some. Masterclass does a good job bringing the pieces back together as Choi highlights the main differences between Web1, Web2 and Web3.

Web1 represents the early internet, where websites were read-only landing pages governed by open protocols and users simply consumed information. The rise of Web2 in the early 2000s introduced read-and-write functionality, which Choi described as a paradigm shift:

“Users are the product, central companies dictated rules and held control of the data and content users created.”

Dixon gets stuck in at this point, highlighting the rise of Google, Facebook, Amazon and Apple unlocking the power of technology, doing things you can’t do with TV, magazines and other mediums. The result was the consolidation of power and economic control between a handful of major companies:

“What that means for creators, devs and entrepreneurs is that instead of building on open systems, you were dependent on those companies to acquire and maintain audiences to sell things.”

This is where Web3 enters the fray, democratizing not just information but publishing and ownership. It is inherently community-owned and operated, with token applications proliferating new Web3 applications and concepts.

Choi sums it up succinctly, with cryptocurrency forming the backend infrastructure that powers Web3. Web3, she contends, is more about front-end apps that become more robust in a crypto-powered world:

“If you look at the Metaverse as a Web3 experience, crypto is the central plumbing for tokens and wallets.”

Perhaps most importantly, Dixon weighs in on why Web3 matters considering three simple questions. Who makes the money? Who controls the content? Who controls the network? Web3’s value is the transfer of true ownership from the few to the many:

“Is it companies or communities of people? The internet is clearly the most important tech innovation still developing today. It affects culture, politics, economics and our daily lives.”

A separate episode on nonfungible tokens (NFTs) sees Dixon dive head-first into the popularity of digital collectibles and tokenized assets. Sport-focused digital collectibles, digital artwork changing the way artists own, share and earn from their creations and musicians making use of NFTs to engage with fans are all notable use cases highlighted in the series.

In a first for Masterclass, economist Paul Krugman hosts a thought-provoking debate with Zhao, posing a host of pertinent questions that address perceived problems with crypto from a mainstream lens.

Krugman’s role as the skeptic economist is measured but assertive, with questions ranging from what problems cryptocurrencies solve, why regular financial institutions and banks should adopt blockchain and how these systems can power fast and cheap transactions.

All in all, the series serves up introductory, lecture-style chapters touching on the basic principles of the industry. Without getting technical, core concepts that have influenced the development of cryptocurrencies, blockchain and Web3 innovations are unpacked in an easy-to-digest form.

Common questions of skeptics are addressed as well, presenting a balanced macro-view of the space that might just lead intrigued viewers down a path of further individual discovery of all things crypto.

The views, thoughts and opinions expressed here do not necessarily reflect or represent the views and opinions of Cointelegraph.

Zimbabwe Devalues Gold-Backed Currency by 44%

Russian Appellate Court Cancels Decision to Block Tor Project’s Website

Russian Appellate Court Cancels Decision to Block Tor Project’s WebsiteA court of appeals in Russia has overturned a ruling by a regional court which allowed the blocking of the Tor Project’s website in the country. Due to violations during the initial proceedings, the case has been returned to the court of the first instance for another review. Roskomsvoboda Helps Cancel the Blocking of Tor […]

Zimbabwe Devalues Gold-Backed Currency by 44%

Review: Bots abound in NFT castle-building game League of Kingdoms

League of Kingdoms offers players a chance to not just rule their kingdom but own it in the form of an NFT.

With the development of gaming platforms, virtual items have also become a popular method of monetization, but most games store data on private servers, giving gamers a reason to doubt their reliability and transferability.

Developers can change the game policy at any time to maximize their profits. They are not obliged to consult users or take responsibility for the harm caused to the game ecosystem.

This problem can be solved by blockchain technology which makes it possible to own and transfer virtual assets to anyone through nonfungible tokens (NFT).

In a world where gamers spend a lot of time and money developing their characters and seeking out unique items, games that allow them to earn and influence the game’s development are very attractive. One of the most popular genres of games is massive multiplayer online (MMO) strategy games that are focused on building civilizations and managing the gaming ecosystem. One such game is called Leagues of Kingdoms (LOK).

PC gaming is one of the most popular forms of entertainment worldwide, with more than three billion fans of PC and console games in the world and a sales income calculated in hundreds of billions of dollars. 

What is LOK?

League of Kingdoms (LOK) is an MMO strategy game based on the Ethereum blockchain. It is a decentralized and independent ecosystem. Gamers can buy land and other NFT assets in the official game store or from other players on the OpenSea marketplace. Ownership is secured on the blockchain.

Gamers can create their own kingdoms and raise armies to protect their subjects and participate in battles. Players can also participate in various quests, events, contests and competitions to win awards.

Kings can team up with other kingdoms to create alliances, which fight for control of different territories.

Players also can take part in decision-making processes, like voting for new game content. Proposals that receive the most votes are implemented in the following update of the game.

Game modes and earning 

Every gamer starts with a single-player mode and is immediately ordered to complete simple tasks for which bonuses will be awarded. The game also offers to join one of the alliances. But, in order to fully play, the gamer needs to purchase additional resources in the gaming store.

The NFT land token is the centerpiece of the game, and kingdom-building is the central element of League of Kingdom’s gameplay. Gamers start with a small primitive city-state and develop it into a powerful kingdom. One of the unique features of League of Kingdoms is its treasure and skill system. There are artifacts that can be crafted and used to unlock special magical abilities.

Buying the “Gold Mine” to build it and get resources.

The League of Kingdom platform has several game modes. 

The single-player mode is designed to create a kingdom. The gamer creates buildings, explores the ecosystem, collects resources and prepares an army to protect their own kingdom and strengthen the alliance.

In player-versus-environment mode, gamers farm valuable resources and send warriors to hunt evil monsters. According to the developers, in the future, a monster invasion mode called Trial of Agony will be introduced.

Player-versus-player is designed for competition between gamers. Players fight for resources and ownership, using game elements and special skills to strengthen their armies and capture enemy castles.

MMO mode allows players to participate in alliance wars, the siege of shrines and other competitions.

On my way to defeat another castle.

Making money in LOK is the most important occupation. Gamers can earn cryptocurrency by owning NFTs. Part of the gaming fees goes to reward active players and landlords. Players can also trade game elements on NFT markets.

The landowner receives 5% of the collected resources, which can be used to benefit the kingdom or mine NFTs. LOK has a Dai (DAI) prize pool to pay landowners.

The land in the project is a unique unit of digital real estate, presented in the format of an NFT, which can be used to play and earn points for development. In total, there are 65,536 plots located on several continents.

Dragos are mythical creatures with the powers of various elements. Each dragon is unique. They serve their master and fight for him in battle. This is a decisive element of the battles in the game, which determines tactical and strategic options. Dragos are collectible NFTs with unique appearances and features. Owning a Drago provides various benefits in different areas of the game. By owning a dragon, the player also gets the opportunity to earn Dragon Soul tokens (DST).

Han Yoo, chief operating officer of LOK, told Cointelegraph that the project team places particular emphasis on these NFTs:

“Drago — a dragon-like creature NFT, was introduced in the League of Kingdoms on May 16. Drago NFT and DST token loop will usher in a new era of play-to-earn in the LOK. Drago will also launch with a rental system. More gameplay content related to Drago will be released as well. One of them will be Drago Arena where Dragos can fight and compete with each other. It will be a sort of mini-game to diversify the entertainment of our game.”

Trouble in the kingdom

LOK is available for PC and also has a mobile version, which can be downloaded from Google Play and the Apple App Store, although the developers are experiencing difficulties on the latter.

The game may be interesting, but many mobile-version players complain that there are still many bugs and the translation of the interface into different languages ​​​​is not done professionally. Recently, bots have become a major problem in the game as the user base rapidly grows.

The project team has recognized these difficulties. Yoo mentioned that in order to boost the attractiveness of the game, the developers used too many bots and, as a result, the game has a lot of errors:

“We’ve been updating our server with several patches and updates to accommodate the growing number of users, but the proportion of bots is quite high compared to other games, and it is causing lag and bugs in our game. We’ve developed an anti-bot system to filter out the flood of bot accounts. Also, we are encrypting the codes to prevent bot developers and abusers from exploiting our game. Currently, we are building a dedicated unit to monitor and ban the bot and cheaters, as well to comb out the malicious users from the game.”

Despite these hiccups, the project has a roadmap for two years ahead and an extensive community of players. LOK is already a full-fledged working app that thousands of users have downloaded

At the moment, the game itself looks like a niche product compared to currently popular NFT games like Axie Infinity and Gods Unchained. But, LOK is a real-time strategy game which is a rather unusual choice for an NFT game. Real-time strategies are interesting in the context of complex game mechanics and LOK seems to succeed in transforming into a cross between a farm simulator and Pokémon with the introduction of the Drago ownership system. However, the game’s large community and powerful team of specialists speak to its viability.

The views and opinions expressed here are solely those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of Cointelegraph.com. Every investment and trading move involves risk, you should conduct your own research when making a decision.

Zimbabwe Devalues Gold-Backed Currency by 44%

What is Etherscan, and how does it work?

Etherscan is a block explorer and analytics platform that allows you to access details on any Ethereum blockchain transactions that are pending or confirmed.

Etherscan is the most trusted tool for navigating through all the public data on the Ethereum blockchain and is sometimes called “Ethplorer.” This data includes transaction data, wallet addresses, smart contracts and much more. The application is self-contained and is neither sponsored nor administered by the Ethereum Foundation, which is a non-profit organization.

The team behind Etherscan includes seasoned developers and industry professionals, who developed the Etherscan app to make the Ethereum blockchain more accessible to everyday users.

Although Etherscan is a centralized platform, the app does make it easier for people to search through the Ethereum blockchain.

Is Etherscan a wallet?

Etherscan is not an Ethereum wallet, nor is it a wallet service provider. Users don’t receive an Etherscan wallet when they search the Ethereum blockchain on Etherscan.

Etherscan.io is an independent Ethereum-based block explorer. The Etherscan app keeps track of blockchain transactions on the Ethereum network. The app then displays the results like a search engine.

This allows users to find the details of transactions on the Ethereum blockchain, which may give someone peace of mind if their transferred funds have not yet appeared in their wallet.

While Etherscan can track the activity on an Ethereum wallet address, users will need to link the app to an existing crypto wallet to do so.

You may wonder — Is Etherscan free to use? Yes, Etherscan is completely free.

What is Etherscan used for?

Etherscan allows users to view the assets held on any public Ethereum wallet address. Using Etherscan, enter any Ethereum address into the search box to see the current balance and transaction history of the wallet under consideration. Etherscan will also display any gas fees and smart contracts involving that address.

Users can use Etherscan to:

  • Calculate Ethereum gas fees with the Etherscan gas tracker
  • Lookup and verify smart contracts
  • View the crypto assets held in or associated with a public wallet address
  • Observe live transactions taking place on the Ethereum blockchain
  • Lookup a single transaction made from any Ethereum wallet
  • Discover which smart contracts have a verified source code and security audit
  • Keep track of how many smart contracts a user has authorized with their wallet
  • Review and revoke access to a wallet for any decentralized applications (DApps)

Users can view any transaction of the Ethereum blockchain on Etherscan. These transactions include failed and pending transactions.

Etherscan can also keep track of the progress of an incoming transfer. One way to track a transaction using Etherscan is to look it up on Etherscan.io using its hash key. The hash provides users with an estimate of how long the transaction will take to confirm. The page refreshes once the transaction is complete.

Etherscan also works as an analytics platform. Anyone can use Etherscan to analyze on-chain metrics like changes to Ether (ETH) gas costs, as well as keep track of their portfolio and monitor their transaction history for suspicious activity.

Only information that is public on the Ethereum blockchain is displayed on Etherscan, so information like a user’s private keys can’t be viewed on the app. Etherscan doesn’t store any private keys and is not involved in any of the transactions shown. The app also cannot be used to solve a transaction failure.

Do users need an account to use Etherscan?

Users are not required to sign up for an account before using the Etherscan app. However, signing up for an Etherscan account does give users access to additional features. These features include the ability to track addresses and receive notifications whenever a transaction occurs. Developers may also sign up to gain free access to Etherscan’s blockchain explorer data and application programming interfaces (APIs).

Thus, users with accounts can add their addresses to the “watch list” on the block explorer to monitor or track their investments. Users can also set alerts so that they’re notified of every incoming transaction via email. Etherscan also provides API services for developers so that they can create decentralized applications.

Etherscan provides the following information for all incoming and outgoing transactions:

  • Transaction hash
  • Number of blocks within which the transaction was recorded and the time at which the transaction was confirmed
  • Sender and receiver addresses
  • Gas fee
  • Amount sent
  • Total transaction fee

How does Etherscan work?

To use Etherscan, simply enter any public Ethereum wallet address into the search field at the top of the Etherscan.io homepage. Doing so will allow users to view all the transactions associated with that address.

Viewing a transaction and wallet on Etherscan

Exploring a wallet address on Etherscan under the “Transactions” tab will show a list of all ETH transactions (Txns), or transactions that have used gas (Gwei) associated with that specific wallet.

Type the wallet address on Etherscan’s homepage and click “Search” to be redirected to a page that displays all of that wallet’s information. The data will include its ETH balance and its value denominated in United States dollar, as well as an overview of the wallet’s transaction history.

Click on the wallet’s Transactions tab, which will open up a new page displaying details on all the transactions involving that address. Details include the transaction ID, block height and when the transaction was confirmed.

The block height refers to the block in which the transaction was included. The sender and recipient addresses and the total transaction fee are shown as well.

To explore and track a single transaction, users will need the transaction hash or transaction ID, or TxHash. A TxHash is a unique string of numbers that identifies a transaction on the blockchain.

When users input the TxHash into the Etherscan search bar, a list of information on that transaction will be populated on the page. From here, users can go to the Transactions tab to review additional information about the said transaction. Such data includes whether the transaction status was successful, pending or failed, as well as the total amount that was transferred.

The value of the transaction in ETH, as well as the USD value of ETH at the time of the transaction, can also be viewed. Etherscan also displays the timestamp for each transaction in addition to the transaction cost, denominated in USD.

How to use the Etherscan gas tracker?

“Gas” refers to the transaction fee associated with a transaction to be executed successfully on the Ethereum blockchain. Transaction costs on Ethereum are referred to as gas fees.

Ethereum’s network can get highly congested. When a considerable amount of traffic is running on Ethereum's blockchain due to Ethereum’s auction-based model, the average gas price goes up as users compete against one another and bid to have their transactions included in the next block. Consequently, transactions are delayed and some transactions fail.

Gas prices vary depending on the block that the user transaction has been included in, as well as the degree of network congestion. Moreover, users may not be able to discern an accurate estimate of the gas fees they’ll be required to pay before initiating a transaction.

To determine a transaction’s gas fees with accuracy, it’s best to use Etherscan’s gas tracker. Etherscan’s gas tracker does more than simply show users the difference in gas prices at various time intervals. It’s also useful for estimating how congested the network is and what the transaction cost will be per transaction.

The Etherscan gas tracker functions as an ETH gas calculator. It examines pending transactions on the Ethereum blockchain to determine how much gas a transaction will require.

Users receive a gas fee estimate so they can adjust the timing of their transactions to avoid high network traffic. Doing so saves transaction costs and allows for cheaper and smoother transactions, without suffering the anxiety that comes with not knowing whether a transaction will fail or succeed.

How to use Etherscan to check the wallet balance and history?

To see how the balance in a user’s wallet has changed over time, look up the address of the wallet on Etherscan and select “Analytics.” From here, users can see the data analytics of a user’s wallet, such as the user’s ETH balance, the entire transfer history, transactions and fees paid.

Using Etherscan to review smart contracts and wallet access

Smart contracts can be read and edited without the need for special permissions by using the Etherscan app’s “Read Contract” and “Write Contract” features. These tabs provide real-time information on various tokens and smart contracts. Users may also use these features to initiate a token transfer and approve smart contract transactions.

Removing a token’s access to the user’s wallet can be achieved using Etherscan’s Token Approval Checker. When users interact with DApps to buy or swap tokens, they tap directly into a user’s wallet with their permission. Therefore, DApps are an appealing target for scammers looking to gain access to users’ Ethereum wallet addresses.

If users see suspicious activity or believe that a DApp has been compromised, they can use Etherscan to revoke its access to a specific wallet address. The user’s assets inside the wallet will not be lost, but users will need to reauthorize the tokens when they access the DApp the next time around.

To use Etherscan to review a user’s approved token list, look up the user’s wallet address on Etherscan’s Token Approval Checker. Doing so will provide users with a list of all approved smart contract interactions with that wallet. From there, users can connect their wallet to Etherscan and click “revoke” to ensure that the specific DApp no longer has access to the user’s wallet.

The road ahead

Etherscan is one of the leading tools for accessing reliable Ethereum blockchain data. Etherscan can review smart contract code, track gas prices and monitor the Ethereum blockchain in real time.

Finally, Etherscan is free and doesn’t require a user to register to access all of its features. Overall, it’s a great place to start for users who would like to learn the full range of functionalities of a blockchain, as well as their Ethereum wallet and what information they can garner from a blockchain explorer.

Zimbabwe Devalues Gold-Backed Currency by 44%

A Jacobin Podcast Review: Critiques on Crypto and Sterlin’s Response

A Jacobin Podcast Review: Critiques on Crypto and Sterlin’s ResponseThe following opinion editorial is a Jacobin Podcast review written by the author Sterlin Lujan, the chief risk officer with Cryptospace. The Jacobin Podcast episode called: “Dig: Cryptocurrency w/ Edward Ongweso Jr & Jacob Silverman,” touches upon “cryptocurrency, NFTs, Elon Musk, the metaverse, meme stocks, and techno-utopianism amid the crushing reality of our neoliberal hellscape.” […]

Zimbabwe Devalues Gold-Backed Currency by 44%

Russia’s Constitutional Court Expects to Face Crypto-Related Cases

Russia’s Constitutional Court Expects to Face Crypto-Related CasesThe Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation is going to have to deal more and more often with cases involving new kinds of individual rights, its head has recently admitted. Some of them will be related to cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology, the official believes. Constitutional Court of Russia to Defend Rights Related to Cryptocurrencies Constitutional […]

Zimbabwe Devalues Gold-Backed Currency by 44%

Central Bank of Sweden Invites Financial Market Actors for Second Phase of E-krona Pilot

Central Bank of Sweden Invites Financial Market Actors for Second Phase of E-krona PilotSveriges Riksbank, the central bank of Sweden, will carry out the next stage of its e-krona project with the help of two organizations from the financial sector. The move signals a transition from the initial in-house testing with simulated participants to cooperation with real, external partners. Riksbank to Work With Handelsbanken and Tietoevry to Test […]

Zimbabwe Devalues Gold-Backed Currency by 44%

Can crypto trading and investing be taught in just one book?

"Digital Assets" gives would-be investors and traders the basic tools and knowledge they need to enter the market with at least half an idea of what they are doing.

Cryptocurrency books aimed at novice users or non-users tend to follow a very similar pattern. Almost all start with an obligatory “history of money” and explain why fiat is, let's say, "flawed," — to be polite. Then Bitcoin (BTC) in introduced, wielding a fistful of shiny new tech that can address some of these issues.

The books go into mining, wallets, exchanges, Ethereum and smart contracts, altcoins and decentralized finance — also known as DeFi. Once the authors are sure that the reader is sold on the idea of buying into crypto, they wrap it nicely up with a (foregone) conclusion and settle smugly back down.

However, even equipped with the desire (and know-how) to buy their first cryptocurrency, the reader may still feel there is a barrier to taking the next step. In fact, once the purchasing decision has been made, a whole new raft of questions crop up tha a savvy crypto convert will want answered.

How much should I spend? What strategies are open to me? Should I invest or consider trading? How can I maximize gains while minimizing risk? Few books delve deep enough into such territory to give a reader the confidence to enter the market with at least half an idea of what they are doing.

Breaking the mold?

Digital Assets: Your Guide to Investing and Trading in the New Crypto Market aims to fill that gap. Written by Jonathan Hobbs, an investment industry veteran turned independent advisor, the book is divided into two parts.

Admittedly, the first part kicks off as expected with cash-bashing; but in fairness, it would be hard to leave this out of a crypto book aimed at beginners. And let’s be honest, it never gets old to hear how bad the traditional financial system really is.

Hobbs then gives the lowdown on Bitcoin, but only so much as to show that it can be trusted, that it is a hedge against inflation and that there is a reason for it to continue to appreciate in value over the long term.

Ethereum and DeFi are similarly explained from an investor's perspective, such as how money can be made through staking tokens on lending platforms, trading derivatives or providing exchange liquidity.

Part One is rounded out with a couple of chapters on how the range and accessibility of crypto products have much improved, for both institutional and retail investors. The development of institutional-grade custody solutions and crypto-exposed funds and trusts has finally opened the floodgates to an increasing amount of institutional and corporate money.

Improvements in the security and functionality of retail exchanges and wallet solutions, along with the rise of DeFi, cater to the needs of individual investors like never before, and this gets us to the point at which we are left off by most of the other books.

Saving for a rainy day

Luckily, this is where Digital Assets is just getting started. The longer Part Two deals with all the nitty-gritty on trading and investing, starting with the question of how much of one's assets should be held in crypto.

Hobbs explains the importance of a diverse investment portfolio and compares the historical returns on various proportions of stocks, and having up to 10% in Bitcoin. Certain readers may be dismayed to hear that due to crypto’s volatility, he does not recommend putting too much of one’s nest egg into it.

Digital Assets also provides examples showing the effect that rebalancing a portfolio can have on reducing risk and exposure to volatility.

The book continues on to crypto investment strategies, covering the ever-popular HODLing, dollar-cost averaging and the more aggressive value averaging. The potential results of each are illustrated with examples using real historical data over various time frames.

And then, it gets started with the big kid stuff...

Make the trade

If you are an average enthusiast, technical analysis will be a baffling source of confusion. Of course, some may understand what a "falling wedge" is, what "flipping resistance into support" means and the importance of the "20-week moving average."

But you will have no idea why these things affect Bitcoin's price the way they do, and hence, you will have no real faith that you can use them to predict future action. Correction: By this point, you should have some idea.

Hobbs’ primer on reading charts, identifying trends, moving averages, trading volume and Fibonacci retracements makes it seem like technical analysis is something that can actually be done, or at least learned over time.

Digital Assets goes on to explain how one can profit from Bitcoin’s volatility by trading short or long on futures contracts. It shows how to read candlestick charts and describes a number of trading styles, along with their associated trading time frames.

Of course, mitigating risk is just as important as taking profits, and there are techniques given to do so using stop losses, position sizing strategies and the various types of orders that can be placed on exchanges. Hobbs also explains when to use leverage, when to enter and exit a trade, and when to take profits.

A good investment?

The last few sections of Digital Assets examine the potential to incorporate altcoins into a crypto portfolio, explain the basics of options trading, and give guidance on how to tie all of this together into a personal investment strategy.

The book has an easily accessible style, with plenty of diagrams and real-world examples to illustrate the pros, cons, and potential risks and returns of each of the various methods of investing and trading. Some of the concepts around stops losses and hedging Bitcoin options took a few reads to fully understand, but as well they might.

If really digging for things to criticize, it would be the examples that use Trader A through Trader D to compare the different strategies, which was occasionally confusing. However, this was not half as confusing as it was when Hobbs chose to get creative with his character names — by the end of the options chapter, it was hard to remember who was who among Lagertha, Ragnar and Uthred.

In conclusion, while it may not offer as much to those who are already pro traders, Digital Assets is pretty much essential reading for those who have been tempted to dabble in trading but never quite had the confidence. You may find that you are shorting perpetual futures while hedging with a protective call option in no time… and I might just see you there.

The views and opinions expressed here are solely those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of Cointelegraph.

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