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CFTC charges residents of Florida, Louisiana, Arkansas for crypto fraud

The regulatory body asserts that the defendants managed to entice over 14,000 individuals by creating false weekly returns.

Legal proceedings have been initiated by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) against individuals and their organization, Fundsz, citing their involvement in a deceptive scheme concerning cryptocurrencies and precious metals trading.

Rene Larralde from Melbourne, Florida, Juan Pablo Valcarce from West Melbourne, Florida, Brian Early from New Orleans, Louisiana and Alisha Ann Kingrey from Franklin, Arkansas, along with their unincorporated entity Fundsz, face allegations of misleading investment solicitations. They allegedly enticed investors with implausible returns based on a purported "proprietary algorithm."

The CFTC lodged a complaint in the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Florida, alleging that the defendants attracted customers by promising steady 3% weekly profits through cryptocurrency and precious metal trading.

They inaccurately portrayed Fundsz as a profitable venture, asserting that a $2,500 investment could burgeon into $1 million in just 48 months. Additionally, the accused falsely linked Fundsz to charitable initiatives, capitalizing on the allure of contributing to worthy causes.

The regulatory body also asserts that the defendants managed to entice over 14,000 individuals by creating false weekly returns. Nonetheless, as per the CFTC, the reality is that Fundsz did not actually trade customer funds. The entire venture seems to have been established upon fabricated profits and deceptive assertions.

Related: Binance, CZ challenge CFTC lawsuit, seek dismissal

Judge Wendy Berger of the U.S. District Court issued a unilateral statutory restraining order, effectively freezing the defendants' assets and designating a temporary receiver. A preliminary injunction hearing is set for August 23. The CFTC seeks to ensure fairness by pursuing restitution for deceived investors, reclaiming ill-gotten gains, imposing financial penalties, enacting bans on trading and registration and securing a lasting injunction against future infractions.

Previously, the CFTC revealed that a default judgment had been issued by Judge Naomi Reice Buchwald of the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. This judgment established a lasting injunction against Michael Ackerman, an Alliance, Ohio resident.

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Curve Finance vows to reimburse users after $62 million hack

The platform further emphasizes its current priority, which revolves around assessing the proportional portions of each impacted user.

Curve Finance, a decentralized finance (DeFi) platform for lending stablecoins, has officially stated its intention to reimburse users who were impacted by the recent breach resulting in a $62 million loss from the system. 

According to a post by Curve Finance, ongoing investigations are yielding progress, with approximately 79% of the funds successfully recuperated. The platform further emphasizes its current priority, which revolves around assessing the proportional portions of each impacted user.

This evaluation aims to ensure an equitable distribution of resources. The incident, which occurred on July 30, involved malicious actors exploiting vulnerabilities within the release history of Curve Finance's Vyper compiler.

The individual behind the hack directed their attention specifically toward versions 0.2.15 to 0.3.0 of the Vyper compiler. Evidently, the hacker displayed an understanding of the precise weaknesses within the historical iterations of Vyper. The identification of these vulnerabilities would have demanded a significant degree of skill and substantial resources, as highlighted by experts in the field.

Notably, there are speculations that the undertaking was meticulously planned prior to its enactment. A contributor to Vyper is resolute in their belief that the scheme likely required hackers several weeks, if not months, to formulate. Among the pools that experienced ramifications are CRV/ETH, alETH/ETH, msETH/ETH and pETH/ETH. Furthermore, there is a growing concern that the tri-crypto pool on Arbitrum might also have been subject to this impact.

Related: Aave DAO opens voting on proposals to reduce CRV exposure

Regrettably, the assault reverberated across the entirety of the DeFi landscape. A comprehensive examination of the breach underscored a notable issue within the budding cryptocurrency sector; the absence of proper incentives to identify vulnerabilities in previous software iterations.

An incentive of 10% as a bounty was extended to the individual responsible for the breach, and upon acceptance of the proposition, the perpetrator instigated the procedure to restore the funds a few days later. This course of action was corroborated by Etherscan data, which validated that the individual behind the attack conducted three distinct transactions to the Alchemix Finance developer wallet. The cumulative value of these transfers amounted to 4,821 Ethereum (ETH), equivalent to $8,891,578 at the given time. As of now, the restitution process remains incomplete.

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Visa explores crypto gas fees payments through cards

Visa’s innovative solution employs Ethereum's ERC-4337 standard and the "paymaster" smart contract, enabling off-chain gas fee settlement.

In a potential transformative move for users, Visa, the payment solution provider, is testing an innovative solution enabling on-chain gas fees to be paid using a Visa card.

Mustafa Bedawala, a VISA product manager, presented the report, highlighting an observed challenge with cryptocurrency wallets; the ongoing requirement to oversee Ethereum (ETH) balances for covering gas fees.

The standard Ethereum procedure involves users acquiring ETH from an exchange or on-ramp service and then transferring it to their wallets to cater to variable gas fees. This continuous adjustment of gas prices frequently leads to users either overspending or having insufficient ETH, introducing intricacies and challenges.

Visa’s innovative solution employs Ethereum's ERC-4337 standard and the "paymaster" smart contract, enabling off-chain gas fee settlement. The process involves the user triggering an Ethereum transaction via wallet, sent to the paymaster.

Image illustrating steps involved in paying gas fees with Visa Card via Paymaster.  Source: Visa

The web service computes the gas fee and charges Visa using Cybersource. Subsequently, a digital signature is provided and momentarily validated, then attached by the wallet before being sent to Ethereum. Paymaster verifies the signature and covers the gas fee.

This sequence of steps allows the user to directly pay gas fees with their Visa card off-chain, eliminating the need for users to hold ETH merely for paying fees.

According to the publication, Visa has trialed this concept on the Ethereum Goerli testnet, utilizing available open-source tools like Stackup's userop.js library. The trial transactions effectively covered fees through the paymaster, bypassing the requirement for ETH.

Related: 3 reasons why Ether price is still pinned below $1,900

Notably, this concept has the potential to reduce friction for blockchain users and allows the user to directly pay gas fees with their Visa card off-chain, eliminating the need for users to hold ETH merely for paying fees.

The report also suggested wider ramifications, highlighting the potential for merchants or dApps to utilize the paymaster framework to improve customer interactions, facilitating gas fee payments using Visa cards. This innovation may also create opportunities for current wallet and paymaster providers to introduce options for Visa card-based gas fee payments.

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Russia to being CBDC trials with 13 banks

According to Olga Skorobogatova, First Deputy Governor of the Bank of Russia, initiating pilot operations using genuine digital rubles represents a pivotal phase within the project.

The Bank of Russia (BoR) has revealed that it will begin testing operations for Russia’s central bank digital currency (CBDC) project with real digital rubles. The test will begin on August 15. 

A statement released by the Bank of Russia indicates that the pilot tests will involve the participation of 13 banks and a restricted group of their clients.

According to Olga Skorobogatova, First Deputy Governor of the Bank of Russia, initiating pilot operations using genuine digital rubles represents a pivotal phase within the project. This step facilitates the examination of the digital ruble platform's functionality within an industrial context, the refinement of essential procedures in collaboration with clients, potential process adjustments and the assurance of a user-friendly and comprehensible client experience.

Skorobogatova added that the bank’s strategy involves bringing the digital ruble into widespread use, hinging on the outcomes of gradual testing and contingent upon the successful execution of comprehensive trials encompassing all operational possibilities involving the digital ruble. According to the deputy governor, It is expected that starting from 2025, citizens and businesses will be able to actively use the national digital currency at their own request.

As per the announcement, the initial phase of the pilot program will focus on refining fundamental processes, including the establishment and funding of digital ruble accounts (digital wallets), digital ruble transactions among individuals, uncomplicated automated payments, and the utilization of a QR code for transactions involving purchases and services.

Those taking part in the pilot initiative will have the opportunity to employ digital rubles for payments at 30 retail establishments situated across 11 cities in Russia. The intention is to broaden the roster of pilot participants by the conclusion of 2023, encompassing the inclusion of both individuals and businesses.

Related: Bank of Russia reveals digital ruble’s logo and commission fees

In 2024, the array of transactions will be enhanced, featuring an additional payment scenario utilizing a dynamic QR code and facilitating transfers between legal entities. Furthermore, the scope of templates for uncomplicated automated payments will be extended.

The introduction of the digital ruble pilot had previously been postponed indefinitely due to the fact that its legislation had only advanced through the initial reading in the State Duma, which constitutes the lower chamber of the Federal Assembly. Nevertheless, Russia proceeded with the central bank digital currency initiative, as President Vladimir Putin enacted the digital ruble legislation on July 24th.

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CDC report underscores importance of Judge’s verdict in Ripple case

The CDC expressed satisfaction with the ruling, which aligned with their stance as articulated in their amicus brief supporting Ripple, marking an advocacy victory.

The Chamber of Digital Commerce (CDC), an American advocacy organization, on August 1, unveiled a comprehensive "impact and analysis" report on the SEC's lawsuit against Ripple. The report scrutinizes the case's verdict, highlighting its profound implications for the crypto industry's future.

According to the CDC's evaluation, Judge Analisa Torres's ruling sets a vital precedent in digital currency. It distinguishes between an investment contract and the underlying asset, representing a groundbreaking development in crypto regulation.

The report examines Judge Torres's categorization of Ripple's XRP token distributions into three classes: institutional sales, programmatic sales and other distributions. She applied the 'Howey Test’ meticulously to determine if these distributions constituted an offer and sale of investment contracts.

Screenshot of the CDC Impact analysis report. Source: CDC Blog

The CDC expressed satisfaction with the ruling, which aligned with their stance as articulated in their amicus brief supporting Ripple, marking an advocacy victory. Perianne Boring, the CDC's founder and CEO, underscored the ruling's importance in establishing precedents for future legal encounters in the crypto industry.

Boring stressed the importance of a balanced playing field in the digital asset sector and the group's commitment to advocating policies supporting U.S. leadership in the digital economy. While Judge Torres' ruling was a step towards logical crypto regulations, the CDC firmly believes that definitive regulatory clarity can only come through effective legislation by Congress.

Related: Blockchain arms race risks being won by ‘adversarial nations’ — US crypto lobby group

The CDC acknowledges the introduction of multiple blockchain and digital asset regulatory bills in the House and Senate. However, they express uncertainty about the enactment of these bills, primarily due to constraints posed by the legislative calendar.

Despite the challenges, the CDC persists in advocating for a comprehensive legal framework for digital assets, creating a conducive environment for digital asset product launches. In February, the CDC accused the United States Securities and Exchange Commission of overstepping its authority and unfairly labeling crypto assets as securities, in its insider trading case against ex-Coinbase employees.

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No crypto plans for X: Elon Musk debunks scam token claims

Elon Musk addressed the issue of scam tokens falsely claiming connections to the social media platform.

Elon Musk has stated that his social media platform X (formerly Twitter) has no plans to launch crypto tokens in response to a post regarding questionable X and Twitter-based digital currencies on Saturday, Aug. 5.

In response to a post by DogeDesigner, Musk addressed the issue of scam tokens like X (X) and TwitterDAO (TWITTER) falsely claiming connections to the social media platform. DogeDesigner had cautioned the crypto community about being cautious with articles related to scam tokens and clarified that neither Musk nor X had ever launched a crypto token. In his reply, Musk asserted, “And we never will.“

Previously, Musk had dropped hints about integrating cryptocurrency as a payment option on X. Traders were left wondering whether he would introduce a particular crypto token or stick with his favorite — Dogecoin (DOGE).

However, with the appointment of Linda Yaccarino as the new CEO, some doubts arose regarding the likelihood of a DOGE integration. Still, recent comments from Musk have revived optimistic sentiments among Dogecoin investors.

Musk recently announced his ambitious vision of transforming Twitter into an all-encompassing platform known as X, the so-called “everything app,“ officially rebranding Twitter to X in July.

Related: Agence France-Presse sues Elon Musk and X/Twitter over compensation for news

Following Musk’s confirmation that he has no intention of launching a crypto token, the price of Dogecoin experienced an increase of over 2% in a matter of hours, according to CoinMarketCap.

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Binance approves Shiba Inu as collateral asset

The cryptocurrency exchange also announced the addition of 22 cryptocurrencies as loanable assets and collateral assets on its Flexible Loan and VIP Loan services.

Crypto exchange Binance on Friday, August 4, said it is adding 22 new loanable assets and new collateral assets to its Flexible Loan and VIP Loan service.

In its official statement, the crypto exchange disclosed several new collateral assets, among them Shiba Inu (SHIB), Compound (COMP) and Theta Network (THETA). This development has also fueled speculation about the potential listing of BONE token on Binance, coinciding with the upcoming launch of the Layer-2 blockchain, Shibarium, anticipated to take place in August.

The cryptocurrency exchange concurrently announced the addition of 22 cryptocurrencies as loanable assets and collateral assets on its Flexible Loan and VIP Loan services.

Screenshot of Binance's new collateral assets announcement.  Source: Binance

Binance has now expanded its Flexible Loan service by including 8 new loanable assets, which are AUCTION, PYR, ILV, KNC, YGG, GAS, CELO and IRIS. Furthermore, the VIP Loan service has been expanded with 6 new loanable assets, including NKN, FARM, DIA, YGG, OGN and ACA.

In a separate announcement, Binance introduced XEM as a newly available borrowable asset on Cross Margin. The XEM/USDT pair is now supported on the cross-margin trading platform.

Following the Shibarium testnet PuppyNet launch, BONE has been listed on various cryptocurrency exchanges, including OKX, Huobi and Crypto.com. The milestones achieved by the Shibarium testnet reflect the growing demand for the chain and its associated token, BONE.

Related: BTC price risks new sub-$29K dip as Binance fears test Bitcoin bulls

Binance is closely considering the listing of the BONE token, and its potential inclusion is contingent upon the forthcoming Shibarium mainnet launch, which fulfills one of the listing prerequisites for new tokens. The lead developer, Shytoshi Kusama, had previously disclosed the possibility of the Shibarium launch happening in August.

Currently, SHIB is trading at $0.0000083, showing an increase of approximately 2% in the last 24 hours. On the other hand, BONE has experienced a 1% price rise in the past 24 hours and a notable 24% surge over the past week.

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Huobi’s Jun Du acquires 10 million CRV tokens to support Curve

Du said the existing challenges were transitory and that he believes the industry would benefit from collective support.

Jun Du, the co-founder of Huobi, has purchased 10 million Curve DAO Tokens (CRV) for $4 million from Curve Finance founder Michael Egorov, who is seeking to decrease his exposed loan position.

In a tweet on Aug. 1, Du revealed his intention to acquire 10 million CRV tokens at the prevailing market rate of $0.40 — a value established through various over-the-counter transactions involving Egorov and several members of the crypto community. A report in The Block states that Du confirmed via direct message on X (formerly Twitter) that he completed the purchase and decided to lock up the tokens as veCRV, giving him voting rights on the platform.

Screenshot showing Jun Du’s 10 million CRV token transaction. Source: Etherscan

The Huobi co-founder took to X and expressed his support for Curve, highlighting his previous assistance during BendDAO’s liquidity crisis. Du said the existing challenges were transitory and that he believes the industry would benefit from collective support. Du is also the CEO of New Huo Tech, a digital assets service platform, and co-founder of the Web3 fund ABCDE.

Egorov took out a $100 million stablecoin loan using his own CRV stash as collateral. However, the protocol was exploited on July 30, resulting in a 30% crash in CRV prices.

Related:Curve emergency DAO terminates rewards for hack-related pools

According to Debank, Egorov has managed to repay over $17 million in stablecoin loans, leading to a marginal improvement in the overall health of the loans. However, he still faces a significant debt burden, with approximately $60 million in stablecoins owed on Aave, $12 million on Abracadabra and around $8 million on Inverse. To mitigate the risks associated with its exposure to CRV, Abracadabra Money has suggested raising the interest rate on its outstanding loans.

Aave (AAVE), which serves as the governance token for the decentralized finance (DeFi) protocol, Aave, saw a significant drop of 17% from July 30 to August 1, bringing its value down to $62. This decline was attributed, in part, to concerns about cascading liquidations on DeFi protocols triggered by the recent Curve exploit.

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Binance starts BTC/FDUSD and ETH/FDUSD trading pairs with zero-fees

Users can trade ETH/FDUSD with zero maker fee, while the standard taker fee will apply based on the user’s VIP level.

Crypto exchange Binance, on Thursday, Aug. 3, announced that it would be opening trading for the Bitcoin/First Digital USD (BTC/FDUSD) and Ether/First Digital USD (ETH/FDUSD) trading pairs alongside an updated zero-fee Bitcoin (BTC) and Ether (ETH) trading, with newly added FDUSD stablecoin spot and margin pairs.

Per the announcement, starting from 08:00 UTC on Aug. 4, users will benefit from zero maker and taker fees for BTC/FDUSD spot and margin trades through the Zero-Fee Bitcoin Trading Program. Additionally, users can trade ETH/FDUSD with zero maker fee, while the standard taker fee will apply based on the user’s VIP level.

The trading volume for BTC/FDUSD spot and margin trading pairs is not included in the VIP tier volume calculation or the Liquidity Providers programs, enhancing the trading experience for users.

“BNB discounts, referral rebates, and any other adjustments will not apply to the BTC/FDUSD spot and margin trading pairs during the promotion.”

The recently introduced stablecoin, First Digital USD (FDUSD), scheduled to be listed on Binance on July 26, 2023, at 8:00 am UTC, was postponed until 2:00 pm UTC on July 26 due to FDUSD pairs’ liquidity providers experiencing technical issues.

Screenshot of Binance’s announcement on the FDUSD pairs and zero-fee Bitcoin trading. Source: Binance

In March, Binance concluded its zero-fee Bitcoin trading program and Binance USD (BUSD) zero-maker fee promotion, shifting to the lesser-known TrueUSD (TUSD) stablecoin from BUSD. This change, along with the removal of Tether (USDT) from the zero-fee program, led to a significant drop in Binance’s market share and trading volumes by over 50%. Consequently, the prices of cryptocurrencies, such as BTC and ETH, remained under pressure after the alteration.

Related: Binance’s CZ warns crypto community about emerging scam

First Digital USD is backed by Hong Kong-based custodian and trust company First Digital. The group announced the launch of the United States dollar-pegged FDUSD on June 1. FDUSD’s market cap of $257 million is still low compared to other stablecoins, such as USDT, TUSD, BUSD and TerraClassicUSD (USTC). Thus, it will not have much impact on the crypto market now, but minting new FDUSD amid demand from Binance can cause a significant boost in market cap.

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Ripple CEO slams SEC over use of XRP report in lawsuit

Brad Garlinghouse stressed Ripple's unchanged commitment to transparency but hinted that future reports might undergo some changes.

Ripple CEO Brad Garlinhouse on August 2, expressed his disapproval of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) for utilizing Ripple's quarterly XRP Markets Report, designed to enhance transparency in the cryptocurrency industry, as evidence against the company in the ongoing lawsuit. 

Garlinghouse stated that the company initiated the reports with the intention of voluntarily offering updates on their XRP holdings. However, the CEO said, these reports were later "used against" the company in the SEC lawsuit. Garlinghouse reiterated the company's commitment to transparency but hinted that future reports might undergo some changes.

As per the official announcement on July 31, Ripple, the crypto payments solutions firm, unveiled its Q2 2023 XRP Markets Report. This report stands out from previous quarters as it centers on key highlights such as Judge Torres' significant summary judgment ruling, clarifying misconceptions and shedding light on Ripple's XRP holdings.

The report reveals that Ripple's XRP holdings surged from 5,506,585,918 to 5,551,119,094, representing an increase of approximately 45 million. Simultaneously, the total XRP on ledger escrow decreased by nearly 1 billion, which can be attributed to the rising demand for XRP.

In addition to Ripple CEO's criticism, XRP lawyer John Deaton also expressed strong disapproval of the SEC's use of these reports as evidence against the company and its executives in the ongoing lawsuit. He said that Ripple willingly publishes these reports on a quarterly basis, while other firms not only conceal token sales but also deliberately disguise such transactions.

Ripple acknowledged the significant ruling made by Judge Torres in the case of Securities & Exchange Commission v. Ripple Labs on July 13, which declared that XRP is not considered a security. However, the company clarified that while all XRP sales are not classified as securities, sales executed under written contracts can be categorized as investment contracts and thus fall under the security classification.

Related: Judge rejects motion to dismiss Terraform case, disagrees with Ripple decision

Furthermore, Ripple addressed misconceptions surrounding its partial victory, stressing that while XRP is not a security in certain contexts, it may still be considered as such in specific circumstances. Additionally, the company clarified that the ruling provides protection to sophisticated institutions but does not extend the same protection to retail buyers.

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