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Total Value Locked Across Defi Nears $200 Billion, Non-Ethereum Projects Gather Steam

Total Value Locked Across Defi Nears 0 Billion, Non-Ethereum Projects Gather SteamAt the time of writing, the total value locked (TVL) in decentralized finance (defi) is around $176 billion across various blockchains like Ethereum, Binance, Terra, Polygon, Solana, and Avalanche. While Ethereum commands $130 billion of the aggregate total locked, a myriad of other defi-fueled blockchains continue to see TVLs steadily rise. Total Value Locked Across […]

Why Stablecoins Fail: Lessons From the Past

Finance Redefined: Swindling the lender and a $100M pot, Aug. 30–Sept. 3

Hackers run wild, but DeFi marches on; all covered in this weeks Finance Redefined.

Welcome to the latest iteration of Cointelegraph’s DeFi newsletter.

Just as quickly as the summer departed from our calendars, millions of funds were hacked from the wallets of Cream Finance.

This has been another jam-packed week in the decentralized finance, or DeFi, space. Here are some top picks for the biggest stories on what is my debut appearance as Finance Redefined’s newsletter writer.

What you’re reading is the shorter, snappier version of the newsletter. For the full roundup of DeFi developments across the week delivered directly to your inbox, subscribe below.

Cream of the crop

This week’s cream-of-the-crop story (pun intended) was the news that lending protocol Cream Finance joined the growing list of hacker victims from the world of DeFi.

Following diligent analysis from blockchain security expert PeckSheild, it was identified that the hacker exploited a reentrancy bug introduced by the Amp token, resulting in a total acquisition of 5,758 Ether (ETH), equal to $19 million.

A few days on, Cream Finance released a post-mortem report on the Amp token hack, promising to return the lost Ether and Amp tokens to users by curtailing 20% of future protocol fees until users are fully compensated.

The $100-million DeFi inclusion initiative

This week, a consortium of leading DeFi protocols, including Aave, SushiSwap, Curve and 0x announced a collaborative $100-million financial inclusion initiative, built on the Celo blockchain, designed to propel DeFi to over 6 billion mobile phone users.

The scheme will create educational programs, incentives and grants — supported by Chainlink and The Graph, among others — to foster fair access to finance for the world’s unbanked, marking an evolution from the often exclusive dogmas of traditional markets.

Gary Gensler: Crypto could be as big as the internet

Another headline story this week was SEC Chair Gary Gensler’s virtual appearance with the European Parliament committee where he shared policy recommendations for the regulation of crypto assets.

In what has become a consistent approach since taking office, Gensler remained cautious in not deviating from the pro-regulation script but did offer some bite-sized quotes acknowledging the vast potential of the market, claiming:

“I think the transformation we’re living through right now could be every bit as big as the internet in the 1990s.”

Token movements

Analytical data reveals that DeFi’s total value locked (TVL) stands at a record high of $131.32 billion.

Technical data from Cointelegraph Markets and TradingView reveals that DeFi’s major tokens performed reasonably well across the week, posting healthy gains.

SushiSwap’s SUSHI recorded bullish gains of 14%, Aave by 9%; meanwhile, Synthetix (SNX) is up 8% from last week, while Yearn.finance’s YFI grew by 5.77%.

Following consistent momentum over the past couple of months, conversations are emerging in the DeFi community around a potential “DeFi Summer 2.0.”

Thanks for reading our dissection of DeFi’s biggest developments across the week. To read the full version of this newsletter, subscribe to our mailing list.

Why Stablecoins Fail: Lessons From the Past

Offchain Labs Launches Arbitrum One Mainnet — Startup Raises $120 Million

Offchain Labs Launches Arbitrum One Mainnet — Startup Raises 0 MillionOn August 31, 2021, Offchain Labs announced the official launch of Arbitrum One mainnet and further detailed that the company has raised $120 million in funding. The Series B financing led by Lightspeed Venture Partners gives the firm a $1.2 billion valuation. Arbitrum One Mainnet Is Now Live, Offchain Labs Raises $120 Million in Funding […]

Why Stablecoins Fail: Lessons From the Past

Data suggests Uniswap is 36% overvalued and SushiSwap trades at a discount

An exchange token valuation methodology suggests that SUSHI trades at a 33% discount and that UNI price is 36% overvalued.

Just looking at Binance Coin's (BNB) reported market capitalization, one might conclude that the token is the dominant asset when compared to other exchange tokens.

Although there is no direct relationship between Binance's exchange volume (or revenue) and token economics, traders seem to use it as a proxy. The controversial burn mechanism has been losing impact since April 2019, when the exchange changed the BNB whitepaper

Initially, the whitepaper proposed a plan where BNB tokens equivalent to 20% of the exchange's profit would be bought under a "repurchasing plan", but the new version scrapped that plan.

Exchange tokens market cap and volume. Source: Messari Screener and CoinGecko

However, excluding the 60 million BNB that have never been in circulation drastically changes the outcome because these excess tokens are meant to be burned over time.

The remaining exchange tokens are inflationary, meaning the issuing rate is very steep. For example, Uniswap (UNI) has 611 million tokens in circulation, but that number is expected to reach 1.14 billion in 10 years.

BNB price (above) and Binance exchange daily volume (below). Source: TradingView and Nomics

How BNB differs from the other exchange tokens

BNB has an actual use case apart from trading fee rebates, and it is the primary asset pair on the Binance Smart chain. BNB captures a portion of the $17 billion total value locked in the BSC smart contracts, and it has decent market share and representation on decentralized exchanges. As a result, the network creates perpetual demand for BNB.

Based on these simple figures, should analysts discount BNB's value by 50% compared to other exchange tokens? As mentioned earlier, the market appears to be pricing BNB based on Binance exchange's volume, and thus it makes sense to use that as a valuation proxy.

Uniswap has been averaging $1.63 billion daily volume, although it offers exclusively spot markets. Hence, the figure is comparable with Binance's $24.3 billion average, not factoring derivatives markets.

Using Uniswap's 93.3% lower volume, the gross estimate accrues a $10.3 billion market capitalization based on 50% of BNB's reported $76.7 billion. Thus, the prediction comes out 36% below UNI's actual data.

PancakeSwap, the leading Binance Smart Chain's DEX, has been handling a $750 million in daily volume. Using the same 50% of BNB's market capitalization methodology, CAKE's estimated valuation should be $4.73 billion, which is surprisingly in line with the current figure.

FTX and SUSHI are trading at a discount

Moving to a centralized exchange, FTX has amassed $1.7 billion in daily volume, including derivatives markets. Consequently, the indicator can be compared to Binance's $54 billion average. Despite its 96.8% lower volume, FTX's gross estimate valuation is $4.83 billion — 11% below the actual number.

Using Huobi's adjusted $5.4 billion volume and Binance's entire $54 billion daily average volume, including its derivatives products, results in a $15.34 billion estimated valuation. When considering Huobi Token's unprecedented inflationary model, applying a heavy discount for the reported market capitalization makes sense.

Lastly, Sushiswap aggregates a daily $305 million transaction volume. Considering Binance's $24.3 billion spot-only data, the same estimate yields a $1.92 billion valuation roughly 33% above the actual figure.

It is worth noting that this estimate does not imply an investment recommendation. This unrefined and primitive methodology simply aims to show that traders are effectively using exchange volume as a proxy for native token valuation.

While this may have worked in the past, the current regulatory, KYC, and removal of leverage trading options at centralized exchanges could impact the efficacy of this analysis method in the future.

The views and opinions expressed here are solely those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of Cointelegraph. Every investment and trading move involves risk. You should conduct your own research when making a decision.

Why Stablecoins Fail: Lessons From the Past

Surge in activity and token prices show ‘DeFi Summer 2.0’ already started

DeFi platforms have seen a steady surge in user activity and token prices, leading some analysts to say that the ‘DeFi Summer 2.0’ is well underway.

After a blistering start to 2021 saw token valuations and trading volumes surge to ignite the current bull market, the DeFi sector as a whole took a break while the NFT sector stepped into the limelight.

While investors' attention was elsewhere, DeFi prices have had time to consolidate and project developers were able to focus on protocol upgrades and in the past month, DeFi-related tokens have been gaining traction and look poised for a breakout in September. 

DeFi Index perpetual futures 4-hour chart. Source: TradingView

Data from Cointelegraph Markets and TradingView shows that multiple DeFi tokens, including Aave (AAVE), Synthetix (SNX), YFI and SushiSwap (SUSHI) have rallied nearly 40% since May 10, while the price of BTC is still 27% away from its all-time high.

The recent bullishness in DeFi tokens prompted some analysts to point out that the ‘DeFi summer 2.0’ did in fact take place, and at a much larger scale than anyone anticipated.

On-chain metrics show DeFi is heating up

Evidence that the DeFi space is heating up can be found in various on-chain metrics that indicate a healthy amount of trading activity and an increasing number of new users interacting with DeFi and DEX protocols.

According to data from Dune Analytics, the number of new participants coming into the DeFi ecosystem has risen non-stop over the past year reaching a record 3,285,643 total users as of Aug. 31.

Total DeFi users over time. Source: Dune Analytics

The steady addition of new users has helped to keep activity on DeFi lending protocols and decentralized exchanges (DEX) elevated, with data from Dune Analytics showing that the weekly DEX volume in August reached levels not seen since late May.

Weekly DEX volume. Source: Dune Analytics

For those who are concerned that high transaction fees on the Ethereum (ETH) network may limit the ability for smaller investors to engage with the sector, the growing field of layer-two (L2) solutions like Loopring (LRC) and cross-chain bridges to competing networks like the Solana, ensure that portfolios of all sizes will be able to partake in DeFi investin.

One of the best examples of this has been the rapid rise of the Polygon (MATIC), a layer-2 network that has emerged as a top-ranking blockchain in regards to total value locked (TVL). Data from Defi Llama shows that Polygon is now the fourth-ranked chain in terms of TVL with more than $4.93 billion locked in the network.

Total value locked rankings. Source: Defi Llama

With Bitcoin still struggling to gain momentum below $50,000, it’s possible that the market is headed toward an altcoin season and if that occurs, the top DeFi protocols with strong long-term fundamentals are likely to benefit from the bullish momentum.

The views and opinions expressed here are solely those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of Cointelegraph.com. Every investment and trading move involves risk, you should conduct your own research when making a decision.

Why Stablecoins Fail: Lessons From the Past

DeFi TVL hits a record $157B as Ethereum competitors attract investors

Interoperability-focused projects that offer cross-chain bridges and lucrative liquidity mining pools are seeing an influx of funds right as DeFi’s TVL hit a new all-time high.

Altcoins and DeFi tokens have been on a tear for the last two weeks  and as the end of August approaches many projects are seeing their tokens reach for new all-time highs.

Data shows that a majority of the top-10 DeFi tokens gained more than 20% in the past 30-days, with projects like Bancor (BNT) and THORChain (RUNE) seeing gains in excess of 115%.

Top-10 DeFi assets by price. Source: Messari

Here’s a look at some of the factors behind the current boost to DeFi tokens and the projects that are leading the way in terms of protocol upgrades and cross-chain interoperability.

Total value locked reaches a new all-time high

Data from DeFi Llama shows that the total value locked (TVL) in all DeFi protocols reached a new all-time high at $157.06 billion on Aug. 22 and many analysts believe TVL is one of the best measures of sentiment within the DeFi ecosystem.

Total value locked in DeFi. Source: DeFi Llama

During the previous run-up, the TVL reaching an all-time high coincided with the surging prices of Bitcoin and Ether (ETH), which both reached their all-time highs around the same time.

This time around, Bitcoin and Ether are more than 24% below their all-time highs yet the total value locked in DeFi has surpassed its previous record.

This suggests that popular DeFi-related tokens with multi-faceted utility within the crypto and DeFi ecosystem have attracted investors' attention. Typically, Uniswap (UNI) and SushiSwap (SUSHI) lead among DeFi tokens but a few other strong gainers this week include a 22% increase for Convex Finance and a 17.84% increase from PancakeSwap.

Related: This time it’s different: When DeFi meets NFTs

New protocols attract attention

The past 3 months have also seen the arrival of popular new DeFi protocols like DinoSwap and the rise of Ethereum-network competitors like Avalanche (AVAX) that have brought fresh energy and funds to the DeFi ecosystem.

DinoSwap and Avalanche have benefited from users fleeing high fees on the Ethereum network because both off reduced transaction costs and faster processing times through their cross-chain bridges.

Avalanche launched its ‘Avalanche Rush’ DeFi incentive program on Aug. 18 which has brought a flurry of activity to the protocols involved, including Aave, Curve and SushiSwap. This liquidity mining event has proven quite popular and helped to lift its native AVAX token back above $50 for the first time since February.

In the first half of the year, DeFi tokens rallied early and were followed by a surge in the price of NFTs and NFT-related assets. As summer draws to a close and NFTs notch new eye-watering record sales and volumes each day, it's possible that a sector rotation could occur soon and the DeFi sector may be warming up for a run of its own.

The views and opinions expressed here are solely those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of Cointelegraph.com. Every investment and trading move involves risk, you should conduct your own research when making a decision.

Why Stablecoins Fail: Lessons From the Past

Weekly Defi Swaps Tap $17 Billion While Dex Aggregators Now Share 22% of the Trade Volume

Weekly Defi Swaps Tap  Billion While Dex Aggregators Now Share 22% of the Trade VolumeOver the last seven days, decentralized exchange (dex) trade volume has tapped $17 billion across the 21 Ethereum dex platforms. Pancakeswap has seen between $400K to $860K every 24 hours during the last week as well. Meanwhile, dex aggregators are eating away at dex trade volumes, becoming more popular by the day. Uniswap Commands Top […]

Why Stablecoins Fail: Lessons From the Past

White hat potentially saves SushiSwap $350M by finding ‘obvious’ exploit

The security researcher found a flaw in a dutch auction smart contract that could have resulted in the loss of 109,000 ETH.

The SushiSwap decentralized exchange has narrowly avoided becoming the latest DeFi hack victim thanks to assistance from a white hat hacker.

A security researcher from venture capital firm Paradigm known on Twitter as “samczsun” has managed to save SushiSwap and its MISO platform from a potential loss of as much as 109,000 ETH.

In a blog post published on Aug. 17, the programmer described how he began examining the smart contract code for the BitDAO token sale at SushiSwap’s token launchpad platform, MISO.

On closer inspection, he found a flaw in the MISO Dutch auction contract whereby some of the functions lacked access controls.

“I didn’t really expect this to be a vulnerability though, since I didn’t expect the Sushi team to make such an obvious misstep.”

Upon deeper investigation, the white hat discovered a vulnerability that, if exploited, could result in all of the crypto assets in the token auction contract being drained by a malicious actor. An attacker could reuse the same ETH over and over to batch multiple calls to the contract and “bid in the auction for free.”

Samczsun tested the vulnerability with a successful exploit before contacting colleagues Georgios Konstantopoulos and Dan Robinson to take a look and double-check the findings. He also discovered that a hacker could steal the funds from the contract by triggering a refund by sending a higher amount of ETH than the auction hard cap.

“Suddenly, my little vulnerability just got a lot bigger. I wasn’t dealing with a bug that would let you outbid other participants. I was looking at a 350 million dollar bug.”

Related: Poly Network hack exposes DeFi flaws, but community comes to the rescue

It was then time to reach out to SushiSwap CTO Joseph Delong to formulate a rescue plan before the exploit was discovered in the wild. It was decided that the BitDAO team holding the token sale would manually end the auction by purchasing the remaining allocation and immediately finalizing the process and rescuing the funds.

SushiSwap noted that no funds were lost in the salvage effort, adding that it will pause the use of its MISO Dutch auction format until the smart contract can be updated. Crypto community member “DC Investor” commented:

“Everyone knows Paradigm has big UNI / Uniswap bags, but Sam from their team just helped save SushiSwap (an ostensible competitor) from a critical bug. This is the ethos of the space among the best actors.”

The BitDAO token sale went off without a hitch raising more than 112,000 ETH, valued at roughly $336 million, from over 9,200 participants according to a tweet from the protocol on Aug. 17.

Why Stablecoins Fail: Lessons From the Past